8/26/2021

Lớp Tiếng Anh thầy Tiểu Đạt

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
(Passive Voice)
Biên soạn và trực tiếp giảng dạy:
Thầy Lưu Tiến Đạt

A. CÁCH CHUYỂN TỪ CÂU CHỦ ĐỘNG SANG CÂU BỊ

ĐỘNG
1. Hình thức
S + be + Past Participle (P.P) (+ by + agent)
Eg: This tree was planted by my grandfather.
S be + P.P by + agent

2. Các bước thực hiện

- Bước 1: Biến tân ngữ của động từ chủ động thành chủ
ngữ của động từ bị động
- Bước 2: Đưa cấu trúc của thể bị động “be + Past
Participle” vào sau chủ ngữ mới của câu bị động, trong đó
“be” phải được chia theo thì của câu chủ động
- Bước 3: Biến chủ ngữ của câu chủ động thành tác nhân
“agent” và đặt sau giới từ “by”

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Chú ý:
- Chủ ngữ I, you, we, they, he, she, it, someone, somebody,
nobody, no one, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody,
people trong câu chủ động thường được lược bỏ. Với
nobody và no one đổi động từ sang phủ định
Eg: Someone left this purse in the classroom.
→ This purse was left in the classroom.
Nobody saw him leaving the room.
→ He wasn’t seen leaving the room.

- Vị trí của trạng từ hoặc cụm trạng từ trong câu bị động:

+ Trạng từ chỉ cách thức thường đứng giữa “be” và P.P
Eg: The problem has been carefully studied by the
scientists.
+ Trạng từ chỉ tần suất thường đứng sau trợ động từ đầu tiên
Eg: She would never have been promoted if she hadn’t
changed her job.
+ Trạng từ hoặc cụm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước “by +
agent”
Eg: He was found in the forest by the police.
+ Trạng từ hoặc cụm trạng từ chỉ thời gian đứng sau “by +
agent”
Eg: The report was typed by the secretary this morning.

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1. Many American automobiles _____ in Detroit, Michigan.

A. manufacture B. have manufactured
C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing
2. A new underground line _____ now. They say one of its
stations _____ in my street.
A. is constructed/will be built
B. is being constructed/has been built
C. is being constructed/will be built
D. will be constructed/to be built
3. Do you believe that such a problem can _____?
A. solve B. be solving C. is solved D. be solved
4. When I came, an experiment _____ in the lab.
A. was being holding B. has been held
C. was being held D. has held

5. All of our rain forests _____ unless we find some ways to

stop people from cutting down trees.
A. will be destroyed B. destroy
C. were destroyed D. will destroy
6. Since the computer _____ it has made considerable
changes to our daily life.
A. invented B. was invented
C. is invented D. has invented
7. She was overjoyed because her article _____.
A. has been published B. has published
C. had been published D. had published
8. It must _____ without delay.
A. be done B. have been done
C. do D. be doing

B. CÁC CẤU TRÚC BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT

1. Động từ với hai tân ngữ
Cấu trúc câu chủ động có thể cho ở hai dạng sau:
(1) S + V + indirect object (I.O) + direct object (D.O)
Eg: He gave the police the information.
I.O D.O
John bought Mary a new car.
I.O D.O
(2) S + V + direct object (D.O) + prep + indirect object (I.O)
Eg: He gave the information to the police.
D.O prep I.O
John bought a new car for Mary.
D.O prep I.O

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Vì câu có hai tân ngữ nên có thể có hai cấu trúc câu bị
động tương ứng:
Eg: He gave the police the information.
→ The policeman were given the information.
→ The information was given to the police.
John bought a new car for Mary.
→ Mary was bought a new car by John.
→ A new car was bought for Mary by John.

Một số động từ thường đi với dạng này:

- give sb sth/give sth to sb: đưa, tặng
- send sb sth/send sth to sb: gửi
- show sb sth/show sth to sb: chỉ
- tell sb sth/tell sth to sb: kể
- pay sb sth/pay sth to sb: trả
- bring sb sth/bring sth to sb: mang
- lend sb sth/lend sth to sb: cho mượn
- offer sb sth/offer sth to sb: mời
- borrow sb sth/borrow sth from sb: mượn
- buy sb sth/buy sth for sb: mua

1. I _____ the job, but I don’t think I’ll accept it.

A. have offered B. was offered
C. have been offered C. offered
2. You _____ plenty of time to decide.
A. give B. will be given
C. will give D. are going to give
3. Tim has an easy job – he _____ a lot of money to do
very little.
A. is paid B. pays C. paid D. was paid
4. I didn’t see the original document but a copy _____ me.
A. was shown B. showed
C. showed to D. was shown to
5. The information _____ the police.
A. gave B. was given
C. was given to D. gave to

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2. Bị động kép
Một số động từ chỉ ý kiến: hope (hi vọng là), believe
(tin là), claim (tuyên bố là), consider (cân nhắc, xem
xét), expect (mong là), feel (cảm thấy), find (thấy là),
know (biết), report (thông báo), rumor (đồn là), say
(nói), think (nghĩ là), understand (hiểu là), …
Cấu trúc câu chủ động:
S + V + (that) + S* + V*
Eg: People say that he is a good teacher.

Có hai cách để biến đổi thành câu bị động tương ứng:

(1) It + be + P.P (+ that) + S* + V*
Eg: People say that he is a good teacher.
→ It is said that he is a good teacher.

(2) S* + be + P.P + to V*/to have P.P*

Eg: People say that he is a good teacher.
→ He is said to be a good teacher.

Eg: They believed that the boys picked up the fruit.

→ It was believed that the boys picked up the fruit.
→ The boys were believed to pick up the fruit.

Chú ý: Trong cách dùng số (2) chúng ta phải xét đến thời
gian xảy ra hành động trong mệnh đề “that” và mệnh đề
chính
- Hành động trong mệnh đề “that” xảy ra đồng thời hoặc
xảy ra sau hành động trong mệnh đề chính → dùng
present infinitive (to V*)
Eg: They didn’t consider that she had a different idea.
→ She wasn’t consider to have different idea.
They expect that the strike will end soon.
→ The strike is expected to end soon.

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- Hành động trong mệnh đề “that” xảy ra trước hành động

trong mệnh đề chính → dùng perfect infinitive (to have
P.P*)
Eg: They report that two people were injured in the
explosion.
→ Two people are reported to have been injured
in the explosion.
The police alleged that we had brought goods into the
country illegal.
→ We were alleged to have brought goods into the
country illegal.

1. “Who wrote the poem?” “It is said _____ written by one of

the Brown sisters.”
A. to be B. to being
C. to have been D. to having been
2. It _____ since the third century that coffee has a stimulating
effect.
A. is known B. has known
C. was known D. has been known
3. The Roman people are believed _____ to Europe around the
beginning of the last millennium.
A. to have migrated B. having migrated
C. migrating D. to be migrating
4. _____ that the company has shown rapid growth in the last
two years.
A. It is reported B. They are reported
C. The report was D. It was reported

5. _____ the breakthrough in genetics will lead to a cure for

cancer.
A. It is believed that
B. Many scientists are believed that
C. Scientists are reported to have made
D. It is widely announcing that
6. It is believed _____ causes weight loss.
A. much stress is B. much stress that
C. it is much stress D. that much stress
7. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _____ in broad
daylight yesterday.
A. to be robbed B. robbed
C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed

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3. Thể sai khiến

a) Cách dùng: Diễn tả sự sai khiến, nhờ vả hoặc một tai nạn
xảy ra
b) Cấu trúc câu chủ động:
S + HAVE + O (person) + V + O (thing)
S + GET + O (person) + to V + O (thing)
Eg: The manager had his secretary prepare the report.
I’m going to get Harry to repair my car.
Cấu trúc câu bị động:
S + HAVE/GET + O (thing) + P.P (+ by O (person))
Eg: The manager had his secretary prepare the report.
→ The manager had the report prepared (by his
secretary).
I’m going to get Harry to repair my car.
→ I’m going to get my car repaired (by Harry).

Eg: The storm completely wiped out all my crops.

→ I had the storm completely wipe out all my crops.
→ I had all my crops completely wiped out (by the
storm).

Someone has stolen the boss’s car.

→ The boss’s car has been stolen.
→ The boss has had his car stolen.

1. We rarely have our luggage _____ by porters.

A. carried B. carry C. to carry D. been carried
2. Kelly wanted to have a live band _____ at her wedding.
A. to be played B. play
C. played D. been playing
3. You should _____ a professional to check your house for
earthquake damage.
A. have B. make C. take D. get
4. We _____ today and I got into trouble because I hadn’t
done it.
A. had checked our homework
B. had our homework checked
C. were checked our homework
D. have our homework checking

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5. I will have your car _____ by the end of the day.

A. to repair B. repair C. repaired D. repairing
6. The student got the librarian _____ books for them.
A. buy B. to buy C. bought D. buying
7. He couldn’t afford to _____ his car repaired.
A. pay B. make C. do D. get
8. We had a professional photographer _____ pictures of
everyone who participated in our wedding.
A. take B. to take C. took D. takes