Solution:

Given Data:
r  0.5 mm
*The radius of the capillary tube is::

hst  59 mm
*The standing height of the kerosene is ::

   N/m
*The surface tension of the kerosene is::

*The specific gravity of the kerosene is:: S g  0.8

The rise of the kerosene in the glass capillary tube is calculated as:
4  cos 
h
S g   water  2r
4  0.035 N/m  cos 0


0.8 1000 kg/m 3  2  5 10 4 m 
1000 mm
 0.175 m 
1m
 175 mm

Thus, the true static height of the Kerosene is calculated as:

htrue  175 mm  59 mm
=116 mm
Solution:

Given Data:
m  2.5 kg
*The small mass is::
M  7.1 kg
*The big mass is::
h  3.8 m
*The height of the small mass from the flat surface is::

The momentum in the horizontal direction is conserved. The initial total

momentum of the system is zero, when the small mass reaches the horizontal
surface:

mv  MV  0.............  1

v V
Here, is the velocity of the small mass and is the velocity of the big mass.

As there is no friction, the total mechanical energy is also conserved:

1 2 1
mv  MV 2  mgh..............  2 
2 2

Solve equation (1) and equation (2) to determine the velocity of the mass m
when it reaches the horizontal surface:

2 Mgh
v
mM
2  7.1 kg  9.81 m/s 2  3.8 m

 2.5  7.1 kg
 7.43 m/s
Solution:

Given Data:
F1  200 N
*The first force at point A is::

F2  300 N
*The second force at point A is::

The free body diagram of the point A is shown below:

The resultant force acting on the truss at joint A is calculated as:

 F1    F2   2F1F2 cos 104.04

2 2
R

 200 N    300 N    2  200 N  300 N  cos 104.04 

2 2

 317.63 N

v V
Here, is the velocity of the small mass and is the velocity of the big mass.
As there is no friction, the total mechanical energy is also conserved:
1 2 1
mv  MV 2  mgh..............  2 
2 2

Solve equation (1) and equation (2) to determine the velocity of the mass m
when it reaches the horizontal surface:

2 Mgh
v
mM
2  7.1 kg  9.81 m/s 2  3.8 m

 2.5  7.1 kg
 7.43 m/s
Solution:

Given Data:
d AD  24 mm
*The diameter of the AD bar is:

L  0.04 mm
*The total elongation of the system is:
E  200 GPa
*The elastic modulus is:

(a)

The total elongation of the system will be the sum of the extension of BC bar
and extension of AB and CD.

The pull force P that will make the total elongation is calculated as:
 2 PLAB PLBC
L  
 2  2   2
    24 mm       36 mm  24 mm     E    24 mm    E
 4  4  4 

 2 P  48 mm 
    2 

     24 mm       36 mm  24 mm      200 103 MPa  
2

 4  4  
0.04 mm    
 P  72 mm 
  2 
    24 mm     200 10 MPa 
3

 4  

0.04 mm =  8.49 107 P    7.96  107 P 

P  47114.25 N

(b)

The extension amount of BC part by the force P is calculated as:

PLBC
LBC 
 2
 4   24 mm    E

 
 47114.25 N  72 mm 
 
     24 mm  2    200  103 MPa  
 
  4 

= 0.037 mm
Solution:

Given Data:
ds 1

ratio of diameter of the small piston and large piston is: d l 10
*The

(b)

According to the Pascal’s law, the pressure at the small piston and the pressure
at the large piston must be the same.

The pressure ratio will be:

ps
1
pl

(a)

According to the Pascal’s law, the pressure at the small piston and the pressure
at the large piston must be the same.

The force ratio will be:

Fs ps As

Fl pl Al
ds  ds

dl  dl
1 1
 
10 10
1

100

Solution:

Given Data:
FS  1.7
*The Factor of safety is:

 max  12 ksi
*The failure shear stress is:

The free body diagram of the control arm is shown below:

 T Cx
Here, is the force in the member AB, is the horizontal reaction force at C
Cy
and is the vertical reaction force at C.

Take the moment of all the forces about point C to determine the force in the
member AB:

M C 0

 T  9 in    2750 lb  3 in    5200 lb  
3
 5 in   0
 5 
T  2650 lb

The equilibrium equation in the horizontal direction is:

   Fx  0
 4
Cx  T   5200 lb    0
 5
C x  1510 lb

The equilibrium equation in the vertical direction is:

    Fy  0
 3
C y  2750 lb   5200 lb    0
 5
C y  5870 lb

The resultant force at point C is:

 Cx    Cy 
2 2
RC 

 1510 lb    5870 lb 
2 2

 6061.11 lb

Thus, the diameter of the pin at A is:

T
  max

 dA 2

4
2650 lb
 12000 psi

 d A2
4
d A  0.53 in
2.2
 in
4

Thus, the diameter of the pin at C is:

RC
  max

2   dC 2

4
6061.11 lb
 12000 psi

2   dC2
4
d C  0.567 in
2.3
 in
4

(a)

The total elongation of the system will be the sum of the extension of BC bar
and extension of AB and CD.

The pull force P that will make the total elongation is calculated as:
 2 PLAB PLBC
L  
 2  2   2
    24 mm       36 mm  24 mm     E    24 mm    E
 4  4  4 

 2 P  48 mm 
    2 

     24 mm       36 mm  24 mm      200 103 MPa  
2

 4  4  
0.04 mm    
 P  72 mm 
  2 
    24 mm     200 10 MPa 
3

 4  

0.04 mm =  8.49 107 P    7.96  107 P 

P  47114.25 N

(b)

The extension amount of BC part by the force P is calculated as:

PLBC
LBC 
 2
 4   24 mm    E

 
 47114.25 N  72 mm 
 
     24 mm  2    200  103 MPa  
 
  4 

= 0.037 mm
(b)

The extension amount of BC part by the force P is calculated as:

PLBC
LBC 
 2
 4   24 mm    E

 
 47114.25 N  72 mm 
 
     24 mm  2    200  103 MPa  
  4  

= 0.037 mm

Heat that must be removed from the colder wall to maintain a steady-state,
constant temperature is calculated as: