Name: Klinelle Recitas Ursua Date: September 16, 2021

COURSE: BSED-ENG

Session: 1

CHAPTER 2- ASSIGNMENT TASK

1. Historians continue to use traditional sources as one of the sources of history to analyze and
interpret information by providing factual evidences. In my perspective, the purpose of it is to
preserved and passed on from generation to another. Oral tradition is one of the effective ways
of writing the history of a nation or a particular place. Internal criticism is vital in analyzing
historical sources because it evaluates the relevance of the content of the documents to the
time and place of the phenomenon. Through internal criticism, you can tell either the content
given in it are believable or not. Internal criticism involves a scientific study of the relevance of
the data. You have to analyze the content given in the documents to perform internal criticism.

2. For a country with 7,000 islands, uniting a population with diverse perspectives and opinions
is undoubtedly one of the most challenging tasks. We constantly have distinct points of view
formed in various life stages, whether from rags to riches. Some people are closed-minded,
while others choose to open their minds to society's problems. From the word "Katipunan," it is
clear that it is all about oneness. Who dares to bring Filipinos together because we have long
held opposing viewpoints? Why do we continue to doubt the importance that this slight
movement put on us? We must respect this small movement since it is genuinely impossible to
bring Filipinos born differently together.

Despite being associated with undesirable behavior such as being ill-tempered, Andres Bonifacio
has been a significant contributor to the freedom that everyone enjoys. Filipinos will still be
crying in their beds because of the oppressors' brutality without his deeds and leadership. What
if there isn't an Andres Bonifacio to stand up to these thugs? What will happen to a country that
seems to thrive on complaining rather than prioritizing the pursuit of a new beginning? Andres
Bonifacio deserves to be the First President more than anyone else. He deserves the title
because he made a miracle to unite a nation full of complaints but fewer actions.

3. I honestly assumed that he wrote it, but I have my doubts because he is notorious for
writing most of his works in Spanish, his mother language, and employing various literary
tactics to conceal what he truly wanted to say. He was born into a well-to-do family who
encouraged their children to pursue higher education, which is why he moved abroad to study.
We recognize Rizal for his books, literature and as a propagandist who believes in the
Philippines' and Spain's reformation. Rizal is regarded as one of the most lyrical figures in
Philippine history. Because of his efforts, he sparked Filipino nationalism, which is still
remembered in our studies today. He also captivated many ladies with his work, which is why
women flocked to him at the time. Sa aking mga Kababata is a short poem that addresses the
Filipinos and their love for the country. It is like a mirror on how a Filipino should deal with his
passion and desire for freedom and his quest for independence. If we compare the two pieces
of literature made by our national hero, such as Mi ultimo adios and Sa Aking mga Kababata,
we can say that is different. Sa aking mga Kabata is written in the Tagalog language, while mi
ultimo adios is in Spanish. He wrote Mi ultimo adios before he was dying; then why did he use
the Spanish language knowing that the Spaniards could see this? Sa aking mga kababata used
more straightforward language with fewer hidden connotations than Rizal's Mi Ultimo Adios. If
Rizal had written it, his word choices were unusual, more denotative, and used fewer literary
methods.

4. Primary Source

The first recognized President of the Philippines, Emilio Aguinaldo, wrote Gunita ng
Himagsikan, written literature. He was well-known for being a revolutionary and a competent
leader. He had won many battles over the Spaniards and was still fighting against the
Americans. Although at some point, he become blinded with his love for the power and craves
for the love and respect of his fellow citizen. He was still a successful leader. This literary work
was created by someone who was a part of the revolution and had a significant role in it but
based on what I've read, it appears to be a diary or journal. Journals, as we all know, are
essentially one-sided opinions. Journals were written in response to the present moment and
how we felt at the time. So, if we're furious or making bad decisions, what we put in impacts
how we see things. Yes, President Emilio Aguinaldo has developed a plethora of ways he was a
hero to the Filipinos, but how can we be sure that what he said was accurate? The Gunita ng
Himagsikan is essentially what he remembers and considers essential. Yes, because he
participated in the revolution, he is qualified to write memoirs about it. Always keep in mind
that there are a variety of viewpoints. Gunita ng Himagsikan is a one-sided piece of literature;
therefore, it's hard to know if anything the President said happened or was part of his plan to
clear his name.

Secondary Source

Filipinos have a plethora of betrayal stories to tell—a soldier from the Philippines. Andres
Bonifacio was assassinated. Antonio Luna was assassinated. It's funny how there always
appears to be a quote to which history repeats itself. I adore how Agoncillo's novel depicted the
repeated betrayal that has plagued our country. I like how he described how we try to have
patriotism in our hearts but always have negative thoughts about our fellow Filipinos. The facts
in Agoncillo's book have been clearly shown for everyone to be conscious of how we treat one
another. The book by Agoncillo was written in 1947 to connect the present with the past. In the
late 1940s, themes of exploitation and treachery by the landed elite, the development of a
plebeian leader, and the masses' revolution against Spain are implicitly played out. It's tragic
that today's generations are unaware of the situation and that this material is unavailable to
students. Despite relying most of his data on the written literature, Agoncillo authored the book
with a passion. He didn't let his prejudices get in the way of the history that a student like me
needed to know. This kind of literature should be the one that needs to be mass produce to
uncover the truth about our own existence.