Grammar & Vocabulary: Level 2a

Level 2a
DLI American Language Course

Grammar &
Vocabulary
Book 7
Book 8
Book 9
Name: _________________ Number: __________

Teacher: ____________________
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB 0 Issue No. 1.0
Tips on using this booklet ‫نصائح الستخدام هذا الكتيب‬
Use this booklet at home and after ‫استخدم هذا الكتيب بعد انتهاء الحصص لمراجعة ما‬
to class revise what you learn in ‫ هذا الكتيب ليس بديال عن الكتاب‬.‫تعلمته مع معلمك‬
class. Use your main coursebook in .‫االساسي‬
class.
Remember – to really learn the

‫ عليك‬,‫تذكر – حتى تتعلم القواعد و الكلمات فعليا‬
grammar and words here, you
‫ حتى تحصل‬.‫ان تمارس استخدامهم مع معلمك‬
must practice using them with
‫ عليك ان تعلم كيفية استخدام‬,ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫على‬
your teacher. To get a 60 in the
‫ مجرد‬.‫ و ان تقوم بذلك بسرعة‬,‫الكلمات في الجمل‬
ALCPT, you need to know how
‫حفظ قائمة من الكلمات و ترجمتها لن يمنحك ال‬
words are used in sentences, and
. ALCPT ‫ في اختبار‬60
do this very fast. Memorising a list
and translations will not get you a
60 in the ALCPT. ‫اختبر نفسك و كذلك اصدقائك – اسأل عن تهجئة‬
Test yourself and your friends – ask ‫ عكسها او‬,‫ مرادفاتها‬,‫ وضعها في جمل‬,‫الكلمات‬
for the spelling, example sentence, .‫مثال لما تعنيه هذه الكلمة‬
similar meaning, opposite or

example for a word.
ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫حتى تتأكد من الحصول على‬
Also, to make sure you get a 60 in ‫تحتاج الى المزيد من الكلمات عن ما هو متوفر في‬
the ALCPT, you need more words ‫ اكتب المزيد من الكلمات التي تعلمتها‬.‫هذا الكتيب‬
than are in this booklet. Write in Additional Vocabulary Notes ‫في قسم‬
more words you learn in the
Additional Vocabulary Notes
section.

Contents
Vocabulary Book 7 3
Grammar Book 7 17
Vocabulary Book 8 23
Grammar Book 8 36
Vocabulary Book 9 43
Grammar Book 9 59
Additional vocabulary 66
Key
adjective noun ‫اسم‬
adverb opposite ‫ الضد‬/‫التضاد‬
answer ‫ إجابة‬/ ‫الجواب‬ possessive ‫ملكية‬
clause ‫عبارة‬ preposition ‫حرف جر‬
‫صيغة التفضيل بين‬
comparative present simple ‫مضارع بسيط‬
‫شيئين‬
details ‫تفاصيل‬ past simple ‫ماضي بسيط‬
present
example ‫مثال‬ ‫مضارع مستمر‬
progressive
past
grammar ‫قواعد اللغة‬ ‫ماضي مستمر‬
progressive
‫صيغة التفضيل بين‬
imperative ‫صيغة األمر‬ superlative
‫أكثر من شيء‬
irregular verb ‫فعل غير منتظم‬ verb ‫فعل‬
regular verb ‫فعل منتظم‬ tense ‫زمن الفعل‬
main verb ‫فعل رئيسي‬ subject ‫فاعل‬
helping verb ‫فعل مساعد‬ similar ‫مرادف‬
meaning ‫المعنى‬ sentence ‫جملة‬
modal verb ‫فعل ناقص‬ rules ‫قواعد‬
negative ‫نفي‬ reason ‫سبب‬
positive /
‫ مثبت‬/ ‫إثبات‬ purpose ‫ الهدف‬/ ‫الغرض‬
affirmative
Book 7 Vocabulary
Lesson 1 Nouns = similar meaning ≠ opposites
bottom (n) ‫االسفل‬
1 Tom and Sam sleep in bunk beds. Sam sleeps on the ≠ top
bottom. Tom sleeps on the top.
center (n) ‫ وسط‬/ ‫مركز‬
2
Riyadh is in the center of Saudi Arabia.
circle (n) ‫دائرة‬
3
A circle is round like a ball.
= information about
description (n) ‫وصف‬
4 what someone /
Give me a description of your house. something looks like
edge (n) ‫طرف‬
5
The edge of a circle is curved.
job (v) ‫وظيفة‬ = occupation,
6
Ali has a good job. He is a pilot. profession
line (n) ‫خط‬
7
Write on the line.
math / mathematics (n) ‫رياضيات‬/ ‫حسابات‬
8
Mathematics is the study of numbers. I hate math.
mistake (n) ‫غلطة‬
9 = error
Ali made a mistake in his test so he failed.
opposite (n) ‫عكس‬
10
Col Smith's office is opposite the door.
rectangle (n) ‫مستطيل‬
11
A rectangle has 2 short sides and 2 long sides.
shape (n) ‫شكل‬ Examples: triangle,
12
Brad studies math. He studies numbers and shapes. circle, square
side (n) ‫جانب‬
13
A triangle has three sides.
square (n) ‫مربع‬
14
A square has 4 sides. They have the same size.
Book 7 Vocabulary
top (n) ‫األعلى‬
15 ≠ bottom
Write your name at the top of the page.
triangle (n) ‫مثلث‬
16
A triangle is a shape with three sides.
Verbs
compare (v) ‫يقارن‬ = say how things are the
17
'Compare Tom and Bill.' 'Tom is tall but Bill is short.' same or different
describe (v) ‫يصف‬

18
'Describe your brother.' 'He's strong and tall.'
draw (past = drew) (v) ‫ يرسم‬/ ‫رسم‬ = make a picture with a
19
Sally drew a circle in her book. pen or pencil
Adjectives
curved (adj) ‫منحني‬
20 ≠ straight
The line on a circle is not straight - it’s curved.
fast (adj/adv) ‫سريع‬ = quick
21
An F-15 is a plane. It is fast. ≠ slow
little (adj) ‫صغير‬ = small
22
The little boy is eating an ice-cream. ≠ big, large, huge
narrow (adj) ‫ضيق‬
23 ≠ wide
You can't park on my street. It isn't wide. It's narrow.
round (adj) ‫دائري‬
24
A football is round.
slow (adj) ‫بطيء‬
25 ≠ fast, quick
Flying is fast. Walking is slow.
straight (adj) ‫ مستقيم‬-‫مباشر‬
26 ≠ curved
The lines on a square are straight.
strong (adj) ‫قوي‬
27 ≠ weak
I can't drink this coffee. It's too strong.
weak (adj) ‫ضعيف‬
28 ≠ strong
I don't like strong tea. I like weak tea.

Book 7 Vocabulary
wide (adj) ‫عريض‬
29 ≠ narrow
Main Street is wide. Many cars can park there.
Other words and phrases
alike ‫متشابهة‬ = similar, the same
30
The two shirts are alike. They are similar. ≠ different
both ‫كالهما‬
31
Ali and Ahmed are both cadets.
like ‫شبه‬ = similar to
32
Bill is like Ben. They are alike. ≠ different from
other ‫اخر‬
33 One of my brothers is at the TSI. The other works in
a bank.
What's this called?
‫ما اسم هذا ؟‬
34
It's called a circle.
‫اسمها دائرة‬
What is your teacher like?
‫صف استاذك؟‬ = tell me about his
35
He's very nice. He smiles a lot. character
. ‫ إنه يبتسم كثيرا‬.‫إنه لطيف جدا‬
What does your teacher look like?
= describe his
‫كيف هو شكل استاذك؟‬
36 appearance / face /
He's very tall. He has blue eyes.
body
.‫ وله عينان زرقاوان‬. ‫إنه طويل‬

Book 7 Vocabulary
bottom (n) ‫سفلي‬
1 ≠ top
The page number is at the bottom of the page.
center (n) ‫المركز‬
2 = middle
Kingdom Tower is in the center of Riyadh.
circumference (n) ‫المحيط‬
3
The circumference is the line around a circle.
diameter (n) ‫القطر‬
diameter = 2 times the
4 The diameter is a straight line that goes from one radius
side of a circle to the other, crossing the center.
error (n) ‫خطأ‬
5 = mistake
John made an error in the math problem.
explanation (n) ‫شرح‬
= how and why
6 The student didn't understand the math problem so something happened
the teacher gave him an explanation.
half / halves (n) ‫ أنصاف‬/ ‫نصف‬
7 = ½, 50%
Bill had $10. He gave half to Sam. He gave Sam $5.
price (n) ‫سعر‬
8 = cost
'What's the price of that TV?' '$500.'
problem (n) ‫مشكلة‬
9
Tony didn't understand the math problem.
radius (n) ‫نصف القطر‬
10 The radius is a line from the center of a circle to the edge
of the circle.
top (n) ‫أعلى‬
11 ≠ bottom
The teacher wrote the date at the top of the board.
total (n) ‫المجموع‬
12
Add all the numbers together to get the total.
weight (n) ‫الوزن‬
13
Ali’s weight is 70 kg.

Book 7 Vocabulary
Verbs
add (v) ‫أضف‬
14 ≠ subtract
Add seven and three. The total is ten.
count (v) ‫ أحصي‬/ ‫عد‬
15 = add
Mr Smith counted the books. There were 12.
divide (into) (v) ‫يقسم‬
16
The teacher divided the class into two teams.
divided by ( ÷ ) (v) ‫اقسم على‬
17
Six divided by three equals two.
equals ( = ) (v) ‫يساوي‬
18 = the same as, total
Two plus two equals four.
explain (v) ‫يشرح‬
19
The teacher explained the problem to the student.
make (past = made) a mistake (v) ‫ أخطأ‬/ ‫يخطئ‬
20 = make an error
Bill made a mistake.
multiplied by ( x ) (adj) ‫مضروب في‬
21
Two multiplied by three equals six.
multiply ( x ) (v) )‫يضرب (رياضيات‬
22 = times
Multiply two by three to get six.
subtract ( - ) (v) ‫يطرح‬ = minus
23
Subtract two from five to get three. ≠ add
understand (past = understood) (v) ‫ يفهم‬/ ‫فهم‬
24 After the teacher explained, I understood the
problem.
weigh (v) ‫يزن‬ = find out how heavy
25
'Is the box heavy?' 'I don't know. Let's weigh it.' something is
Adjectives
absent (adj) ‫غائب‬
26 ≠ present
George isn't here today. He is absent.

Book 7 Vocabulary
easy (adj) ‫سهل‬
27 ≠ difficult
The problem was easy. The student understood it.
hard (adj) ‫صعب‬
28 ≠ easy
The problem was hard. Jim didn't understand it.
heavy (adj) ‫ثقيل‬
29 ≠ light
A basketball is heavy.
light (adj) ‫خفيف‬
30 ≠ heavy
A table tennis ball is light.
present (adj) ‫حاضر‬
31 ≠ absent
All the students were present. No-one was absent.
straight (adj) ‫مستقيم‬
32 ≠ curved
The road from Dammam to Khobar is straight.
any ‫أي‬
33
Do you have $5? I don’t have any money.
both ‫كالهما‬
34 = two
Sam has two brothers. Both are in the military.
each ‫ كل واحد‬/ ‫كل من‬
35 = one
Betsy bought three coffees. Each coffee cost $2.
into ‫في‬
36
Put the books into the box.
minus ( - ) ‫ناقص من‬
37 = subtracted from
Two minus one equals one.
more ‫أكثر‬
38 Gary is 70kg. Sam is 65kg. Gary weighs more than ≠ less
Sam.
other ‫ أخرى‬/ ‫آخر‬
39
Bill has 2 pens. One is red and the other is black.
plus ( + ) ‫زائد‬
40 = added to
Five plus two equals seven.

Book 7 Vocabulary
some ‫بعض‬
41
I made coffee. Do you want some?
than )‫من (مقارنة‬
42
France is smaller than the USA.
times ( x ) ‫ضرب‬
43 = multiplied by
Four times two is eight.
44 + plus
45 - minus
46 x times / multiply by
47 ÷ divided by
48 = equals

Book 7 Vocabulary
animal (n) ‫حيوان‬ Examples: dog,
1
A camel is an animal. camel, horse,
back (n) ‫خلف‬
2 ≠ front
My children sit in the back of the car.
backyard (n) ‫الفناء الخلفي‬
3
My house has a backyard. My children play in it.
bird (n) ‫طير‬
4
A bird can fly.
cat (n) ‫قط‬
5 A cat is an animal.
John has a pet cat.
dog (n) ‫كلب‬
6 A dog is an animal.
Paul takes his dog to the park every day.
earth (n) ‫أرض‬
7
The moon goes around the earth.
fence (n) ‫حاجز‬
8
My backyard has a fence because we have dogs.
flower (n) ‫زهرة‬
9
In the summer, we have many flowers in our yard.
front (n) ‫أمام‬
10 ≠ back
My house has a small yard at the front.
garage (n) ‫مرآب‬
11
I park my car in the garage.
gate (n) ‫بوابة‬
12
Sue opened the gate and went into the backyard.
grass (n) ‫عشب‬
13
Sue has lots of green grass in her yard.
hill (n) ‫(التل) منطقة مرتفعة‬
14 = a small mountain
There are trees on the hill.

Book 7 Vocabulary
land (n) ‫أرض‬
15
From the moon you can see land and water on earth.
leaf / leaves (n) ‫ ورق شجر‬/ ‫أوراق الشجر‬
16
In autumn leaves fall from the trees.
moon (n) ‫قمر‬
17
The moon travels around the earth.
past (n) ‫الماضي‬
18 ≠ the present
In the past people didn’t drive cars.
present (n) ‫الحاضر‬ = now
19
At present there are 1,000 cadets in TSI. ≠ in the past
rear (n) ‫خلف‬ = back
20
The rear door is in the back of the house. ≠ front
river (n) ‫نهر‬
21
You can swim in rivers and lakes.
roof (n) ‫سطح‬
22
The roof is on top of the house.
star (n) ‫نجمة‬
23
At night you can see many stars in the sky.
world (n) ‫عالم‬
24 = Earth
There are 193 countries in the world.
yard (n) ‫حديقة‬
25
My children play in the yard at the back of the house.
Verbs
climb (v) ‫يتسلق‬
26
The cat climbed the tree in the yard.
run (past = ran) (v) ‫ يركض‬/ ‫ركض‬
27
Dogs like to run outside.
Other words
above (prep) ‫فوق‬
28 ≠ below
Above me is the sky. The clock is above the door.

Book 7 Vocabulary
around (prep) ‫حول‬
29 = we
It takes one year for the earth to go around the sun.
back (adj) ‫خلف‬ = rear
30
Don't use the back door. Use the front door. ≠ front
below (prep) ‫اسفل‬ = under
31
Write your name. Then write your class number below. ≠ above
by (prep) ‫بجانب‬
32 = near to
Jim’s new house is by the mosque. It's not far.
front (adj) ‫أمامي‬
33 ≠ back
My front yard is smaller than my backyard.
high (adj) ‫عالي‬
34 ≠ low
Birds fly high above the trees.
low (adj) ‫منخفض‬
35 ≠ high
This book cost one dollar. That is a low price.
next to (prep) ‫التالي‬
36
I have a garage next to my house.
over (prep) ‫على‬
37 = above
The plane flew over the sea.
past ‫الماضي‬
38
In the past, buildings were smaller.
rear (adj) ‫خلفي‬ = back
39
My children sit in the rear of the car. ≠ front

Book 7 Vocabulary
appliance (n) ‫آالت منزلية‬ Examples: dishwasher,
1
We often use appliances in the kitchen. refrigerator, stove
armchair (n) ‫كرسي‬ An armchair is
2
John likes to sit in his armchair. furniture.
bookcase (n) ‫دوالب كتب‬ A bookcase is
3
There are many books in my bookcase. furniture.
cabinet (n) ‫كبينة‬ A cabinet is for
4
There are cabinets in my kitchen and my living room. keeping things in.
can (n) ‫علبة معدنية‬
5
A can of Pepsi costs $1.
can opener (n) ‫فاتح العلب‬ A can opener is for
6
I use a can opener to open cans of food. opening cans.
carpet (n) ‫زولية – سجاد‬
7
There is a carpet on the floor of my living room.
ceiling (n) ‫سقف‬
8
Some houses have a fan on the ceiling.
coffee table (n) ‫طاولة القهوة‬ A coffee table is
9
There is a coffee table in front of the sofa. furniture.
couch (n) ‫كنبة‬
10 = sofa
Three or four people can sit on my couch.
curtain (n) ‫ستائر‬
11 = drapes
Good curtains on the windows keep the sun out.
dishwasher (n) ‫غسالة صحون‬ This appliance is for
12
We wash the dishes in a dishwasher. washing dishes.
drapes (n) ‫ستائر‬
13 = curtains
I have red drapes in front of my windows.
drawer (n) ‫ سحاب‬/ ‫درج‬
14
I keep small things in drawers in my kitchen.
end table (n) ‫طاولة جانبية‬
15
There is a lamp on the end table next to my armchair.
Book 7 Vocabulary
fan (n) ‫مروحة‬ This appliance is for
16
In summer I use a fan to cool my room. keeping the room cool.
faucet (n) ‫ حنفية‬/ ‫صنبور‬
You turn a faucet to
17 My kitchen sink has two faucets: one for hot water get water.
and one for cold water.
floor (n) ‫أرضية‬
18
David has a big carpet on the floor of his living room.
furniture (n) ‫أثاث‬ Examples: sofa,
19
There is a lot of furniture in my living room. armchair, bookcase
kitchen (n) ‫مطبخ‬ a room for cooking
20
Mrs Jones makes dinner in the kitchen every evening. and making meals
lamp (n) ‫مصباح‬ This appliance gives
21
At night I often turn on the lamp and read a book. light.
a room for relaxing
living room (n) ‫صالة الجلوس‬
22 with friends and
Bob's family are watching TV in the living room. family
microwave oven (n) ‫فرن مايكروويف‬ This appliance is for
23
A microwave oven cooks food in a few minutes. cooking food fast.
outlet (n) ‫مخرج كهرباء‬
24 = socket
You must plug appliances into outlets.
pan (n) ‫مقالة‬
25
Jane used a pan to cook some chicken.
plug (n) ‫فيش‬
26
To get electricity, put the plug into the outlet.
pot (n) ‫إناء‬
27
Jane uses a big pot for cooking vegetables.
refrigerator (n) ‫ثالجة‬ This appliance is for
28
Mrs Hill keeps meat, milk and cheese in the refrigerator. keeping food cool.
rug (n) ‫سجادة‬
29 = a small carpet
There is a small rug under the coffee table.

Book 7 Vocabulary
shelf / shelves (n) ‫ رف‬/ ‫رفوف‬
30
There are many books on the shelves in the library.
sink (n) ‫مغسلة‬
31
I wash my face and shave in the sink.
sofa (n) ‫كنبة‬
32 = couch
Bill and his friends sit on the big sofa in his living room.
stove (n) ‫موقد غاز‬ This appliance is for
33
Kitchens usually have a stove for cooking food. cooking food.
toaster (n) ‫محمصة‬ This appliance is for
34
A toaster is a small appliance for toasting bread. toasting bread.
Verbs
keep (past = kept) (v) ‫ يحتفظ‬/ ‫احتفظ‬
35
I keep all my money in the bank.
lay (past = laid) (down) (v) ‫ يسترخي‬/ ‫استرخى‬
36
Tom laid the new carpet on his living room floor.
plug (in) (v) ‫يشبك‬ = connect it to the
37
Plug in the TV. I want to watch the soccer match. electricity
use (v) ‫يستخدم‬
38
We use a pen for writing.
Adjectives and adverbs
often (adv) ‫غالبا‬
39 ≠ seldom
I don’t like to cook so I often eat at restaurants.
pretty (adj) ‫جميل‬ = beautiful
40
Jane put some pretty flowers on the coffee table ≠ ugly
seldom (adv) ‫نادرا‬ = almost never
41
He seldom drives because he doesn’t have a car. ≠ often
ugly (adj) ‫بشع‬
42 ≠ pretty, beautiful
I don’t like my old couch. It is ugly.
usually (adv) ‫عادة‬
43
Alan usually plays soccer on Fridays.

Book 7 Vocabulary
What do you use a dishwasher for?
‫فيم تستخدم غسالة الصحون؟‬
You use a dishwasher for washing plates and glasses.
‫تستخدم غسالة الصحون في غسل األطباق واألكواب‬

Book 7 Grammar
1. One / Other (L1. Pg.14)
Use one and other to show differences between two things.
‫ لتوضيح الفرق بين شيئين مختلفين‬other ‫ و‬one ‫استخدم كلمتي‬
One man is
short.
The other is
tall.
Examples
One cadet is happy. The other is angry.
I had two tests last week. One test was easy but the other was very
difficult.
2. Other / Both (L1. Pg.16)
This is my apple. The other apple is Ahmed’s.

We use other to talk
about one more thing.
other ‫نستخدم كلمة‬
‫للحديث عن الشيء اآلخر‬
Both apples are red.

(There are two red apples.) We use both to talk about
two things together.
‫ للحديث‬both ‫نستخدم كلمة‬
Examples ‫عن شيئين مجتمعين‬
Aziz had 2 tests last week. He got 85% in one test and 90% in the
other. He did well in both tests.
Both Italian restaurants in my town are popular. My friend likes
this restaurant but I prefer the other one.
Book 7 Grammar
3. Adjectives in front of nouns (L1. Pg.22)

Put adjectives before nouns to describe them.
.‫ الصفة دائما تسبق الموصوف (االسم) بعكس اللغة العربية‬:‫في اللغة االنجليزية‬
Noun Adjectiv
e
Tim has a car. It is fast.  Tim has a fast car.
Adjectiv Noun
e
before
Examples
Mike drives a taxi. It is green.  Mike drives a green taxi.

He received some news. It was good.  He received some good news.
You can also say these 3 sentences as 1 sentence using the same rule.
‫بإمكانك أيضا دمج هذه الجمل الثالث وتكوين جملة واحدة‬
The boy is young. He got off his bike. The bike is blue.
Noun Adjective Noun Adjective
 The young boy got off the blue bike.
Examples
The cadets are hungry. They are eating chicken. It is spicy.
The hungry cadets are eating spicy chicken.
My camera is old. It takes pictures. They are good.
My old camera takes good pictures.

Book 7 Grammar
3. Comparative adjectives (L2. Pg.47)

Use comparatives to compare two things, or two groups of things.
‫استخدم المقارنة للمقارنة بين شيئين او مجموعتين من االشياء‬
The black cars are bigger than the red ones.

The red cars are smaller than the black ones.
Col Smith Sgt Jones
Sgt Jones is taller than Col Smith.

Col Smith is shorter than Sgt Jones.
Rules Adjective Comparative Example

‫ مع‬er ‫اضف‬
‫الصفات ذات‬ One syllable: A Kia is cheaper than
cheap cheaper
‫المقطع الواحد‬ add -er a Porsche.
Two syllables
‫الصفات ذات‬ I get up earlier on
‫المقطعين‬ ending in –y:
early earlier school days than at
y‫المنتهية بـ‬ remove –y, add
the weekend.
‫نحذف الحرف‬ -ier
‫االخير‬
ier ‫ونضيف‬
*Note: use than after the comparative. ‫ بعد المقارنة‬than ‫ استخدم‬:‫مالحظة‬

Book 7 Grammar
4. Superlatives (L3. Pg. 78)

Use superlatives to talk about the ONE thing that is the –est / most /
least from a group of things. ‫استخدم المقارنة القصوى لمقارنة شيء واحد مقابل اشياء اخرى‬
A is the smallest. D is the biggest.
Rules Adjective Superlative Example

est ‫اضف‬
‫بعد الصفة‬
One syllable: Kia is the cheapest
‫ذات المقطع‬ cheap the cheapest
‫الواحد‬ add –est car.
‫ الصفات ذات‬Two syllables
‫ المقطعين‬ending in –y:
My morning class is
y‫ المنتهية بـ‬remove –y, easy the easiest the easiest one of
‫نحذف الحرف‬ all.
add -iest
‫االخير‬
iest ‫ونضيف‬
*Note: always use the before the superlative.

‫ قبل المقارنة القصوى‬the ‫ استخدم‬:‫مالحظة‬

Book 7 Grammar
5. Some / Any (L2. Pg.55)
Use some in positive sentences. Use any in negative sentences.

)‫ في الجمل المثبتة (غير المنفية‬some ‫استخدم كلمة‬ ‫ في الجمل المنفية‬any ‫استخدم كلمة‬
I have some money for you. I don’t have any money for you.
There is some milk on the table. There isn’t any milk on the table.
You can use some or any in questions. ‫في االسئلة‬any ‫ و‬some ‫يمكن استخدام كلمتي‬
Do you have any coffee? / Do you have some coffee?
Is there any milk left? / Is there some milk left?
Use some...
1)‫شيء‬
… ‫طلب‬
when‫ عند‬asking for things: Can I have some tea, please?
2) … when offering things: Would you like some cake?

‫عند عرض شيء‬
6. How old… (L3. Pg.70)

BE Subject
Question
is your car?
How + old + +
are your parents? you?
Subject BE
Sentence
I am 20 years old.
He/ She/ It + is + 1 year old.
We / You / They are 15 years old.

Book 7 Grammar
7. Using things for doing something (L4. Pg.102)

When you say what you use something for, you can use for + V-ing …
....... ing + ‫ الفعل‬+ for ‫ يمكنك استخدام كلمة‬،‫عندما تريد توضيح الغرض من استخدام شيء ما‬
noun or
Verb-ing
pronoun
I / You / a box carrying books.

use
We / They
+ + a camera + for + taking photos.
She / He /
uses glasses reading books.
It
… or you can use to + Verb 1

)ing ‫ الفعل فقط (بدون‬+ to ‫ أو بإمكانك استخدام كلمة‬.....
noun or
Verb 1
pronoun
I / You /
a box carry books.
We / use
They
+ + a camera + to + take photos.
She / He /
uses
It glasses read books.
Examples
He uses the box for carrying his books.
He uses the box to carry his books.
I always use my phone for taking photos.
I always use my phone to take photos.
She usually uses glasses for reading the news.
She usually uses glasses to read the news.

Book 8 Vocabulary
avenue (n) ‫شارع تجاري‬ An avenue is a street
1
My house is on an avenue next to a bank. with trees.
block (n) ‫حارة‬
2
The commissary is two blocks from here.
Celsius (C) (n) ‫مئوية‬ Celsius is a kind of
3
‘What is the temperature?’ ‘It is 40⁰ Celsius.’ temperature.
centigrade (n) ‫درجة مئوية‬
4 = Celsius
Water boils at 100⁰ centigrade.
corner (n) ‫زاوية‬ A corner is where two
5
The computer is in the corner of the classroom. edges meet.
degrees ( ° ) (n) ‫درجات‬ A degree is a unit of
6
It’s cold. The temperature is only five degrees )5⁰C(. temperature.
direction (n) ‫إتجاه‬ Examples: north,
7
‘Which direction is Houston?’ ‘It’s north.’ south, east, west
directions (n) ‫إتجاهات‬ = the way to go to a
8
Can you give me directions to the post office? place
east (n) ‫شرق‬
9 East is a direction.
New York is in the east of the US.
exclamation mark (n) ‫عالمة التعجب‬ Exclamation marks are
10
I passed the test. Great! exclamation mark punctuation.
exit (n) ‫مخرج‬
11 ≠ entrance
Tim left the highway and took the exit for the airport.
Americans measure
Fahrenheit (F) (n) ‫مقياس فهرنهايت‬
12 temperature in
Water changes to ice at 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Fahrenheit.
freeway (n) ‫خط سريع‬ = large, wide road
13
Jack drives to New York on the freeway every day. between cities
ground (n) )‫األرض (سطح األرض‬
14
Jill found her phone on the ground.

Book 8 Vocabulary
highway (n) ‫طريق سريع‬
15 = freeway
I drove on the highway to Dallas last night.
ice (n) ‫ثلج‬
16 = water at 0° Celsius
John puts ice in his soda because he likes cool drinks.
kilometer (km) (n) ‫كيلو متر‬
17 = 1000 meters
Ali walks five kilometers every day.
mile (n) )‫ميل (قياس‬
18 1 mile = 1.6 kilometers
My house is fifty miles from New Jersey.
north (n) ‫شمال‬
19 North is a direction.
Chicago is a city in the north of the US.
park (n) ‫حديقة عامة‬
20 = public gardens
Let’s go for a walk in the park.
quotation marks (n) ‫عالمة اقتباس‬ Quotation marks are
21
"Hello", said Fred. quotation marks punctuation.
road (n) ‫طريق‬
22 = street
Small children should not play near the road.
south (n) ‫جنوب‬
23 South is a direction.
Abha is a city in the south of Saudi Arabia.
temperature (n) ‫درجة الحرارة‬
24 = how hot it is
The temperature in summer is higher than in winter.
thermometer (n) ‫مقياس درجة الحرارة‬ A thermometer is for
25
Look at the thermometer to check the temperature. reading the temperature.
west (n) ‫غرب‬

26 West is a direction.
Los Angeles is a city in the west of the US.
Verbs
be going to (past = was going to) (v) ‫سوف‬
27 = will
Bill is going to play football tomorrow.
fall (past = fell) (v) ‫ يسقط‬/ ‫سقط‬
28 ≠ rise (past = rose)
The temperature fell to 7⁰C in January.

Book 8 Vocabulary
follow (v) ‫اتبع‬
29 ≠ lead
“Follow me. I know the way” said Ken.
freeze (past = froze) (v) ‫ يتجمد‬/ ‫تجمدت‬
30 ≠ melt
We froze the meat last week to keep it fresh.
grow (past = grew) (v) ‫ تكبر‬/ ‫ تنمو‬/ ‫ كبرت‬/ ‫نمت‬
31 = become bigger
The tomatoes grew well in the sunshine.
land (v) ‫تهبط‬ = put a plane on the ground
32
Pilots land planes at airports and airbases. ≠ take off
take (a right/left, a street) (v) )‫انعطف – خذ(اتجاه‬

33 = turn left/right
The bank is near. Take a right and you will see it.
take off (past = took off) (v) ‫ يقلع‬/ ‫اقلع‬ = a plane goes into the air
34
The plane took off at three o’clock. ≠ land

best ‫ األحسن‬/ ‫األفضل‬
38 = finest
Pele was one of the best footballers in the world.
better ‫ أحسن‬/ ‫أفضل‬
39 ≠ poorer
David's score (85%) is better than Harry's (72%).
straight ‫إلى األمام‬
35
Don’t take a left or right, just go straight.
worse ‫اسوأ من‬
36 = poorer
My spelling is worse than yours!
worst ‫األسوأ‬
37 ≠ finest
John thinks winter is the worst season to travel.
for (distance) (prep) ‫لمسافة‬
44
Harry walked for two miles along the beach.
for (time) (prep) ‫لمدة‬
45
Bob studies for one hour every day after class.
north of / south of / west of / east of Boston is north of New
46
‫شمال‬ / ‫جنوب‬ / ‫غرب‬ / ‫شرق‬ York.
Book 8 Vocabulary
Giving directions ‫اعطاء االتجاهات‬
How can I get to ...?
‫كيف أذهب إلى ؟‬
Take Highway 35 south for two miles.
‫ لمسافة ميلين‬35 ‫اسلك الطريق السريع رقم‬
Take exit 85 and turn right.
‫ ثم انعطف يمينا‬85 ‫خذ المخرج رقم‬
Turn left / right at ...
‫ يمينا عند‬-‫انعطف شماال‬
47 Take a left / right at ...

‫انعطف شماال – يمينا عند‬
Go west for 4 blocks.
‫اتجه غربا لمسافة اربعة احياء‬
Go straight ahead for 2 blocks.
‫اسلك الطريق لألمام لمسافة حيين‬
Go up Pine Street to Main Street.
‫اسلك شارع باين صعودا باتجاه الشارع الرئيسي‬
Go down the street to the corner of Main and
3rd.
‫اسلك الشارع نزوال الى الزاوية بين الشارع الرئيسي والثالث‬

Book 8 Vocabulary
exercise (n) ‫تدريب‬ Examples: sit-ups,
1
Running and push-ups are good exercises. swimming, running
fun (n) ‫مرح‬
2
Tests are not fun! Exercise is fun with a friend.
gymnasium (gym) (n) ‫نادي رياضي‬
3
Joe is going to the gym after work.
push-up (n) ‫تمرين الدفع‬ A push-up is a kind
4
John does fifteen push-ups every day. of exercise.
sit-up (n) ‫تمرين الجلوس‬ A sit-up is a kind of
5
Bill can do one hundred sit-ups. exercise.
watch (n) ‫ساعة يد‬
6
Did you watch the football game last night?
workout (n) ‫تمرين‬
7 = exercise
Lifting weights and swimming are both workouts.
Verbs
exercise (v) ‫يتدرب‬
8 = work out, train
Eddie exercises every morning at the gym.
forget to (past = forgot to) (v) ‫ينسى‬ / ‫نسي‬
9 ≠ remember to
Mike forgot to bring money for lunch.
get (past = got in shape) (v) ‫ينحف‬ / ‫نحف‬
10
Jim got in shape and can run for three miles.
have (past = had) a good time (v) ‫استمتع بوقتك‬
11 = enjoy yourself
Mr and Mrs Jones had a good time at the theatre.
have (past = had) fun (v) ‫ استمتع‬/ ‫استمتع‬
12 = enjoyed
Oscar and Ali had fun watching the show.
hit (past = hit) (v) ‫يصيب‬
13 ≠ miss
Fred hit his head on the door yesterday.
miss (v) )‫لم تصب (الهدف‬
14 ≠ hit
Alan missed the goal and didn’t score.

Book 8 Vocabulary
remember (to) (v) ‫يتذكر‬
15 ≠ forget to
Did you remember to bring your ID?
shut (past = shut) (v) ‫يغلق – اغلق‬
16 = close → closed
Mark shut the door and locked it.
try (past = tried) to (v) ‫ حاول‬-‫يحاول‬
17 = attempt (to)
Tim tried to read his book but it was too dark.
work out (v) ‫يتدرب‬
18 = exercise
Henry works out for an hour every day.
Adjectives
beautiful (adj) ‫ جميلة‬/ ‫جميل‬ = pretty
19
There is a beautiful mosque in my town. ≠ ugly
boring (adj) )‫ممل(طفش‬
20 ≠ interesting
This movie is boring. Let's turn off the TV.
difficult (adj) ‫صعب‬ = hard
21
Some people think chess is a difficult game. ≠ easy
exciting (adj) ‫مثير‬
22 = fun
Travelling to a new country is exciting.
healthy (adj) ‫صحي‬
23 ≠ sick, unhealthy
Sam is healthy because he exercises and eats fruit.
important (adj) ‫مهم‬
24 ≠ unimportant
Listen! The sergeant is telling us important news.
interesting (adj) ‫ممتع‬
25 ≠ boring
I want to finish this book because it’s interesting.
in shape / in good shape ‫معضل‬ = fit
26
Ann is in good shape because she exercises often. ≠ in bad shape, unfit
out of shape (adj) ‫ غير الئق بدنيا‬/ ‫سمين‬ = unfit
27
Gary does not work out. He is out of shape. ≠ in shape, fit
terrific (adj) ‫مذهل‬ = fantastic, great
28
Ben is a terrific football player. He never misses. ≠ awful, terrible

Book 8 Vocabulary
free time (n) ‫وقت الفراغ‬ Examples: rest time,
29
The cadets relaxed in their free time. leisure time
Whose ‫لمن‬ = who does it belong
Whose jacket is that? ‫لمن هذا المعطف؟‬ to?
It's mine. ‫انه لي‬
It's his. ‫انه له‬
It's hers. ‫انه لها‬
30 It's ours. ‫انه لنا‬
It's yours. ‫انه لك‬
It's theirs. ‫انه لهم‬
The blue jacket is hers but those shoes are mine.
This computer is yours but that one is his.
'Is this your car?' 'No, it's theirs.'
its )‫له – لها (لغير العاقل‬
32
The baby drinks its mother’s milk.

Book 8 Vocabulary
area code (n) ‫مفتاح المنطقة‬ A telephone number
1
The area code for Dammam and Khobar is ‘013’. for an area.
bell (n) ‫جرس‬
2
‘I hear the bell.’ ‘Oh. Class begins. Let’s go.’
call (n) ‫اتصال‬
3 = telephone call
How much is an international call to India?
change (n) ‫صرف‬
4
This soda machine gives change but that one doesn’t.
coin (n) ‫عملة معدنية‬ Examples: pennies,
5
Coins are small, round and metal. nickels, dimes
conversation (n) ‫محادثة‬
6
Joe doesn’t like long conversations. He’s a quiet guy.
factory (n) ‫مصنع‬ A building that is
7
That factory makes radios. My uncles works there. used to make things.
line (n) )‫خط الهاتف (رقم‬
8
I can’t call Mark because the line is busy. I’ll try later.
operator (n) ‫موظف السنترال‬
9
Call the operator on 100 if you have any problems.
page (n) ‫صفحة‬
10 Pages are in a book.
The students opened their books at page 1.
pay phone (n) ‫هاتف‬/‫كبينة اتصال‬
11 = public phone
Airports and supermarkets usually have pay phones.
person (n) ‫شخص‬ = somebody,
12
I saw a person with red hair and green eyes yesterday. someone
public phone (n) ‫هاتف عام‬
13 = pay phone
‘I don’t have my mobile.’ ‘OK. Use the public phone.’
slot (n) ‫فتحة ادخال النقود‬ = a long, narrow
14
Put the coins in the slot before you make a call. hole

Book 8 Vocabulary
Verbs
call (up) (v) ‫اتصل‬
15 = make a phone call
Tom called up the hotel to book his room.
deposit (v) ‫ يدفع‬/ ‫يشحن‬ = put money in
16
Bill deposited 100 dollars into his bank account. ≠ withdraw
find (past = found) (v) ‫ اوجد‬/ ‫وجد‬
17 ≠ lose )→ lost(
‘Peter is very happy.’ ‘Why?’ ‘He found 100 dollars.’
hang up (past = hung up) (v) ‫ اغلق الخط‬/ ‫غلق الخط‬
18 ≠ pick up
The line was busy. I hung up and tried again.
make (past = made a phone call) (v) ‫ اتصل‬/ ‫اتصلت‬
19
I made a long-distance phone call to the US.
may (v) ‫ممكن‬
20 = might
Look at those dark clouds. It may rain later.
might (v) ‫ربما‬
21 = may
I don’t know what to do later. I might watch a movie.
pay (past = paid) (v) ‫ ادفع‬/ ‫دفع‬ = to give someone
22
Harry got out of the taxi cab and paid the driver. money
ring (past = rang) (v) ‫ يرن‬/ ‫رن‬ = to make a ringing
23
The telephone rang but nobody answered it. noise
busy (adj) ‫مشغول‬
24 ≠ free
Eddie is busy at work. He has no time to eat his lunch.
cheap (adj) ‫رخيص‬
25 ≠ expensive
This coffee was only 3 riyals. It is very cheap.
expensive (adj) ‫غالي‬
26 = cheap
Switzerland makes a lot of expensive watches.
international (adj) ‫دولي‬
27 = between countries
International phone calls are expensive.
local (adj) ‫محلي‬
28 ≠ national
Local phone calls (in your local area or city) are free.

Book 8 Vocabulary
long distance (adj) )‫بعيد المدى(دولي‬ Usually describes
29
Long distance calls to the United States are expensive. international calls.
just a minute ‫دقيقة من فضلك‬ Examples: hang on,
30
‘Just a minute,’ said Tom, ‘I’ll be ready very soon.’ hold on, wait a minute
the least ‫األقل‬ = fewest

31
Mr Andrew’s class has the least number of students. ≠ the most
less (than) ‫أٌقل من‬
32 ≠ more
Kuwait has less land than Saudi Arabia.
0 = operator ‫صفر‬ 0 = zero, ‘oh’ or
33
Dial ‘0’ to speak to the operator. ‘nought’
more (than) ‫أكثر‬
34 ≠ less
‘Practice more and you will do better’ said a teacher.
the most ‫أغلب‬
35 ≠ least
Russia, the US, and KSA have most of the world’s oil.
whom ‫ التي‬/ ‫الذي‬
36
Major Bell, whom you met last week, is visiting today.

Book 8 Vocabulary
answering machine (n) ‫آلة الرد في الهاتف‬
1
‘Are there any messages on the answering machine?”
apartment (n) ‫شقة‬
2 = a flat
I live in an apartment on the tenth floor.
basement (n) ‫قبو‬ a room under the
3
We keep our old furniture in the basement. ground floor
bedroom (n) ‫غرفة النوم‬
4
I have a desk, cabinet and bed in my bedroom.
deposit (n) ‫تأمين‬
5
Joe will rent a new apartment. The deposit is $5000.
dining room (n) ‫صالة طعام‬ = a room where
6
In the dining room there is a big table for us to use. people eat
garden (n) ‫حديقة‬
7 = yard
Our garden has some plants, bushes and small trees.
kind (of) (n) ‫نوع‬
8 = type of
A jet is a kind of airplane.
manager (n) ‫مدير‬
9 = supervisor, boss
A manager usually gets a high salary.
message (n) ‫رسالة‬
10 Bill called his wife. She wasn't at home. So Bill left a
message on the answering machine.
moment (n) ‫لحظة‬ A very short period
11 Please wait a moment. Call back in a moment. of time.
John is not here at the moment. = now
rent (n) ‫مبلغ االيجار‬
12
The apartment is expensive. The rent is $900 per month.
residence (n) ‫سكن‬ Examples: house,
13
‘What kind of residence do you live in?’ apartment, barracks

Book 8 Vocabulary
Verbs
be back (v) ‫يعود‬
14 = return
‘I’m leaving now.’ ‘What time will you be back?’
call back (v) ‫عاود االتصال‬
15 = call again
‘John can’t speak to you now. He will call back later.’
hold (past = held) (v) ‫انتظر على الخط‬ / ‫انتظر على الخط‬ = wait (on the
16
‘Please hold the line. I'll tell Sgt Harris you are calling.' phone)
hold on (past = held on) (v) ‫انتظر‬ / ‫انتظر‬
17 = wait a minute
'Do you have change of $20?' 'Hold on. I'll check.'
look for (v) ‫يبحث‬
18 = search, hunt for
I'm looking for my keys. I can't find them.
manage (v) ‫يدير‬
19 = organize, control
Mr Willis is the boss. He manages the factory.
rent (v) ‫يستأجر‬
20
Brad is renting this apartment. It doesn't belong to him.
tell (past = told) (v) ‫يقول‬/ ‫ أخبر‬/ ‫ قال‬/ ‫أخبر‬
21 = say to someone
I'll tell Sgt Harris that you called.
wait (for) (v) ‫انتظر‬
22
Peter waited 20 minutes for the bus. Please wait here.
What time is it? ‫كم هي الساعة‬
a quarter after / past ‫وربع‬
a quarter till / to ‫إال ربع‬
half past hour ‫ونصف‬
X minutes after / past )‫و(الدقائق‬
23 X minutes till / to )‫إال (الدقائق‬
‘What time is break?’ ‘A quarter past ten.’
I’ll go home at a quarter till eight.
The drugstore opens at half past nine.
Your lesson will start at ten minutes past seven.
Our work day finishes at five minutes to five.

Book 8 Vocabulary
for rent ‫لإليجار‬
24 = for hire
These apartments are for rent: $600 a month.
from (time) ‫من‬
25
Lunch break is from noon till one o’clock.
that ‫ذلك‬
1. Our manager said (that) we could leave early today.
29
that ‫ذلك‬
2. Would you like this one or that one?
till (time) ‫إال‬
30 = until, to
This shop only stays open till twelve on Thursdays.
to (time) ‫إال‬
31 = until, till
I study English from Sunday to Wednesday.
until (time) ‫إال‬
32 = to, till
Let’s work until one o’clock and then we’ll eat lunch.
On the telephone
May I speak to Tom?
‫هل استطيع التحدث مع توم؟‬
Can you hold the line?
‫هل تستطيع االنتظار على الخط؟‬
Can I take a message?
‫هل استطع استالم رسالتك ؟‬
Can he call you back?
33 ‫هل يستطيع معاودة االتصال بك ؟‬
Hold on, please.
‫انتظر من فضلك‬
He’s not here at the moment.
‫هو غير موجود حاليا‬
He’ll return your call tomorrow.
‫انه سيتصل بك غدا‬
I’d like to leave a message.
‫أود ترك رسالة‬

Book 8 Grammar
1. Talking about the future with be + going to (L1. Pg.18/20/22)
Use be + going to + Verb 1 to talk about a plan for a future action.
‫ للحديث عن خططك المستقبلية‬be + going to ‫استخدم‬
Positive ‫للتأكيد‬
Subject BE Verb 1 + detail
I am
leave at 7pm.
He / She / It is going to
play tennis later.
eat fish tonight.
We / You / They are
going to + Verb 1
Negative ‫للنفي‬
Subject BE Verb 1 + detail
I am
leave at 7pm.
He / She / It is not going to
play tennis later.
eat fish tonight.
We / You / They are
Yes /No Questions ‫ال‬/‫اسئلة نعم‬

BE Subject Verb 1 + detail
Am I
Is he / she / it leave at 7pm?
going to
play tennis later?
we / you eat fish tonight?
Are
they
Examples
Are you going to watch the match? No, I’m not going to watch the match.
Am I going to pass the test? Yes, you are going to pass the test.

Book 8 Grammar
2. Comparatives (L1. Pg.28 /77/79 )
Use comparatives to compare two things, or two groups of things.
‫استخدم المقارنة للمقارنة بين شيئين او مجموعتين من االشياء‬
The black cars are bigger than the red ones.

The red cars are smaller than the black ones.
Col Smith Sgt Jones
Sgt Jones is taller than Col Smith.

Col Smith is shorter than Sgt Jones.
Rules Adjective Comparative Example

One syllable: A Kia is cheaper than a
cheap cheaper
add -er Porsche.
Two syllables
ending in –y: I get up earlier on school
early earlier
remove –y, add days than at the weekend.
-ier
more careful I am more careful than my
Two syllables careful less careful friend.
or more: Pg. 77
add more or less difficult more difficult Math is less difficult than
less difficult English.
Barcelona are better than
good better Liverpool.
Irregular Pg. 28
adjectives
bad worse I am worse than you at
tennis.
*Note: use than after the comparative
‫ بعد المقارنة‬than ‫ استخدم‬:‫مالحظة‬

Book 8 Grammar
3. verb + to +Verb 1 (L2. Pg.46)
After some verbs, use to + Verb 1. The verb can be used in any tense.
to + Verb 1 ‫بعد بعض االفعال استخدم‬ ‫قد يأتي هذا الفعل في أي زمن‬
Subject + Verb + to + Verb 1 + detail

like
wanted
need
I try
We
learn
You
They began
are starting
remembered
play tennis.
forgot
to speak English.
likes
salute the officer.
wanted
needs
He tries
She is learning
It began
starts
remembered
forgot
Examples
He learned to drive last year.
Ahmed and Dave forgot to do their homework.
They need to learn it correctly.

Book 8 Grammar
4. Possessive pronouns (L2. Pg.56)

Whose ball is it? Whose hat is it?
It’s
mine. It’s
hers.
‫لي‬ It’s ‫لها‬
hers
Whose dog is it?

Whose jet is it?
It’s
‫له‬ his.
It’s
theirs.
It’s
hers
Whose tank is it? ‫لهم‬
It’s
‫لنا‬
ours. Whose flower is it?
It’s
yours.
.
‫لك‬

Book 8 Grammar
5. Who / Whom (L3. Pg.74)
Questions using who and whom have the same meaning.
‫ تحمل نفس المعنى‬whom ‫ و‬who ‫االسئلة التي تستخدم‬
Note. *Whom is more formal than who.

*Whom is only used when talking about people.
‫ و تستخدم عند الحديث عن البشر فقط‬Who ‫ اكثر رسمية من‬Whom*
The 3 sentences below all have the same meaning:
Who am I giving this book to?
Whom am I giving this book to?
To whom am I giving this book?
You can put a preposition before whom. e.g. to…, for…, with…
whom ‫بإمكانك استخدام حرف جر قبل‬
Note. *When the question is about the object of the verb,

there are only 2 ways to make the question.
‫ يتم استخدام طريقتين فقط لتكوين السؤال‬,‫عندما يكون السؤال عن المفعول به للفعل‬
Who did you see?
Whom did you see?
Who do you want to call?
Whom do you want to call?

Book 8 Grammar
6. Superlatives (L3. Pg.77/81)

Use superlatives to talk about the ONE thing that is the –est / most /
least from a group of things.
‫استخدم المقارنة القصوى لمقارنة شيء واحد مقابل اشياء اخرى‬
Rule Adjective Superlative Example
One syllable:
cheap the cheapest Kia is the cheapest car.
add –est
Two syllables
ending in –y: My morning class is
easy the easiest
remove –y, the easiest one of all.
add -iest
the most careful I am the most careful
Two syllables careful the least careful driver of my friends.
or more:
add most difficult the most difficult Math is the least
the least difficult difficult subject.
Barcelona is the best.
good best
Irregular
adjectives I am the worst tennis
bad worst
player.
*Note: always use the before the superlative – because you are
talking about only one thing.
‫ ألنك تتحدث عن شيء واحد فقط‬, ‫ قبل المقارنة القصوى‬the ‫دائما استخدم‬

Book 8 Grammar
7. May / Might (L3. Pg.85)
May and might are modal verbs. Always use Verb 1 after a modal verb.
might ‫ و‬may ‫استخدم الفعل في التصريف االول بعد‬
May and might mean the same. They mean we are not 100% sure.
%100 ‫ يتم استخدامهم عندما ال نكون متأكدين‬.‫ لديهم نفس المعنى‬might ‫ و‬may
Subject + modal + Verb 1 + detail
I / You
may need more money.
He / She / It
might go home early.
We / They
may / might + Verb 1

1
8. Imperative sentences with tell )‫ (اخبر‬Tell ‫جمل االمر باستخدام‬ (L4. Pg.101)
Use tell to give orders to someone else.
‫ إلصدار االوامر لشخص اخر‬tell ‫استخدم‬
You can use that or remove it..

Positive sentence .‫ او تجاهلها‬that ‫بإمكانك استخدام‬
me / it
I will be late.
Tell him / her (that)
the shop is closed.
us / them
Negative sentence
me / it
I have no money
Don’t tell him / her (that)
you forgot my name.
us / them

Book 9 Vocabulary

account (n) ‫حساب‬
1
John has an account at the bank.
bill (n) ‫فاتورة‬
2 = note
I have two $10 bills and one $5 bill in my wallet.
card (n) ‫بطاقة‬
3
Use your bank card to take money out of the bank.
cash (n) ‫نقدا‬
4 = money
I don’t have any cash. Can I pay by credit card?
checkbook (n) ‫دفتر شيكات‬
5
A checkbook has checks for buying things you need.
checking account (n) ‫حساب جاري‬
6
Bill has his money in a checking account at the bank.
credit card (n) ‫بطاقة ائتمانية‬
7
If you have no cash, you can use a credit card.
debit card (n) ‫بطاقة صراف‬
8
Tim used his debit card to buy groceries at the store.
deposit (n) ‫اِيداع‬
9 ≠ withdrawal
I made a deposit of $300 at the bank.
form (n) ‫نموذج‬
10
If you want to open an account, please fill out this form.
information (n) ‫معلومات‬
11
Information about the company is on the website.
lemon (n) ‫ليمون‬
12 A lemon is a fruit.
Lemons are a yellow fruit. They have a sour taste.
passport (n) ‫جواز سفر‬ = a document you
13
Jim needed his passport to travel to the USA. need to travel abroad
savings account (n) ‫حساب ادخار‬
14 David saved his salary in his savings account.

Book 9 Vocabulary
signature (n) ‫توقيع‬
15
I wrote my signature at the bottom of the form.
slip (n) )‫ايصال (فاتورة‬
16
A slip is a small form you fill out at the bank.
wallet (n) ‫محفظة‬ = something for
17
I keep my cash and bankcards in my wallet. keeping money in
withdrawal (n) ‫سحب نقدي‬
18 ≠ a deposit
Simon made a withdrawal of money from the bank.
Verbs
cash a check (v) ‫صرف شيك‬ = give a check to the
19
I cashed a check for $150 at the bank. bank and get money
close an account (v) ‫قفل الحساب‬
20
I closed my account because I had no money in it.
complete (v) ‫يكمل‬ = fill in a form;
21
I completed a form at the bank to open an account. fill out a form
deposit (v) ‫ايداع‬ = put money into the bank
22
Max deposited $400 in his bank account. ≠ withdraw
feel (past = felt) (v) ‫يحس‬

23
Bruce felt sick in the morning but now he feels better.
fill out (v) ‫ يكمل‬/ ‫يملئ‬ = fill in a form;
24
The customer filled out a form at the bank. complete a form
hide (past = hid) (v) ‫ يخبئ‬/ ‫خبأ‬
25
The boy hid in the garden. His mom couldn’t see him.
look (v) ‫انظر‬
26
You look a little tired. Do you want to sit down?
lose (past = lost) (v) ‫بفقد‬
27 ≠ find
Bob lost his bank card so he needs a new one.
open an account (v) ‫فتح حساب‬
28
I went to the bank to open an account.

Book 9 Vocabulary
save (v) ‫يدخر‬
29 ≠ spend
Steven saves money in his bank account.
smell (v) ‫يشم‬
30
This food smells bad so don’t eat it.
sound (v) )‫يبدو (صوت‬
31
The music on the radio sounds great.
spend (past = spent) (v) ‫ يصرف‬/ ‫صرف‬
32 ≠ save
They spent all their money on holiday.
take (past = took) (v) ‫ يحمل‬/ ‫ أخذ‬/‫حمل‬
33
I took the train to the airport.
take out (of) (past = take out) (v) ‫يسحب نقدا‬
34 = withdraw
Dan took $50 out of his account.
taste (v) ‫مذاق‬
35
The orange juice tastes nice. Can I some more?
= take money out of
withdraw (past = withdrew) (v) ‫ يسحب نقدا‬/ ‫َس َح َب نقدا‬
36 the bank
Use an ATM to withdraw money from your account.
≠ deposit
bitter (adj) ‫مر‬
37
Lemon juice is bitter.
immediately (adv) ‫حاال‬ = right now, right
38
He immediately got his money from the ATM. away
right away (adv) ‫مباشرة‬ = now, immediately
39
With a credit card you can buy something right away ≠ later
right here ‫هنا‬
40
The bank is right here on the street.
safe (adj) ‫آمن‬
41 ≠ dangerous
The bank is a safe place for your money.
salty (adj) ‫مالح‬
42
Potato chips taste salty.

Book 9 Vocabulary
soon (adv) ‫قريبا‬
43
My credit card will arrive in the mail soon.
sour (adj) ‫حامض‬
44
This milk is 6 days old. It tastes sour.
sweet (adj) ‫حلو‬
45
The cookies in the shop taste sweet.
Sentences and questions in a bank ‫جُمل و أسئلة في البنك‬
I’d like to open a bank account.
‫أرغب في فتح حساب مصرفي‬
I’d like to make a deposit.
‫ارغب بالقيام بعملية ايداع‬
I’d like to withdraw some money.
‫أرغب بسحب بعض النقود‬
Can I cash this check?
‫هل أستطيع صرف هذا الشيك‬
46
Please complete this form.

‫الرجاء إكمال هذا النموذج‬
Fill out this withdrawal slip.
‫قم بتعبئة ايصال السحب هذا‬
How do you want your cash?
‫ما هي نوع الفئات النقدية التي تريدها؟‬
Please sign the check on the back.
‫الرجاء التوقيع خلف الشيك‬

Book 9 Vocabulary
accident (n) ‫حادث‬
1
Tom had an accident. Another car hit his car.
auto / automobile (n) ‫سيارة‬
2 = car
Do you have insurance for your auto/automobile?
bicycle / bike (n) ‫دراجة‬
3
A bicycle is easy to ride.
cause (n) ‫سبب‬
4
A careless driver caused the accident.
curve (n) ‫انحناء‬
5
There was a curve in the road - it wasn’t straight.
dent (n) ‫صدمة‬
6 = damaged metal
A truck his Dan’s car. Now there is a dent on it.
fault (n) ‫خطأ‬
7 Whose fault was the accident?
The accident was my fault. I didn’t look.
fine (n) ‫حسنا‬
8
If you drive too fast, the Police will give you a fine.
insurance (n) ‫تأمين‬
9
After the accident, Bill called the insurance agent.
law (n) ‫قانون‬
10
You shouldn’t break the law. Obey the law.
light (n) ‫ضوء اإلشارة‬
11
The traffic light showed red so John stopped.
place (n) ‫مكان‬
12
The downtown area of the city is a busy place.
pole (n) ‫عَمود إنارة‬
13
Sue had an accident. Her car hit a light pole.
police/police officer (n) ‫ الشرطة‬/‫شرطي‬
14
If you drive too fast, the police will stop you.

Book 9 Vocabulary
rider (n) ‫قائد دراجة نارية‬ = a person who rides
15
The bike hit a dog. The rider didn’t see it. a bike
seat belt (n) ‫حزام األمان‬ = this protects you in
16
The driver wore his seat belt to be safe. a car
ticket (n) ‫مخالفة‬
18
Ed parked in the wrong place so he got a ticket.
traffic (n) ‫مرور‬ = cars and trucks on
19
There was a lot of traffic on the road. the road
traffic jam (n) ‫ازدحام مروري شديد‬ = when traffic can’t
20
Joe was late to work because of a traffic jam. move
Verbs
bother (v) ‫يزعج‬ = annoy
21 Smoking bothers me. I don’t like it. = I don’t mind this
This music doesn’t bother me. music.
break (past = broke) (v) ‫ يكسر‬/ ‫كسر‬
22
I fell over and broke my ankle.
buckle up (v) ‫يربط حزام االمان‬
23 = wear your seat belt.
Jeff buckled up so he wasn’t hurt in the accident.
cause (v) ‫يتسبب‬
23
He stopped at a green light and caused an accident.
cross (v) ‫يقطع الشارع‬
25
Before you cross the road, look left and right.
face (v) ‫يواجه‬
26
‘Don’t look at the door. Face the board!’
fasten (v) ‫يربط حزام االمان‬
27
Tom fastened his seatbelt and started the car.
happen (v) ‫ يحدث‬/‫يحصل‬
28
The accident happened next to the supermarket.
keep on (past = kept on) (v) ‫ استمر‬/ ‫استمر‬
29 = not stop, continue
If the road is clear, you can keep on driving.

Book 9 Vocabulary
obey (v) ‫يطيع‬ = follow
30
You must obey the police. Obey the law. ≠ disobey
ride (past = rode) (v) ‫ يقود دراجة‬/ ‫قاد الدراجة‬
31
Jim doesn’t have a car so he rides a bike to work.
run (past = ran) (v) ‫يجري‬
Jerry was late so he ran to school.
32
run a red light (v) ‫قطع االشارة الحمراء‬
The man ran a red light. Another car hit him.
Adjectives & adverbs
careful (adj) ‫ حذر‬/ ‫منتبه‬
33 ≠ careless
Fred is a careful driver. He doesn’t drive fast.
careless (adj) ‫ غير مهتم‬/‫غير مبالي‬
34 ≠ careful
A careless driver is a bad driver.
dark (adj) ‫ظلمة‬
35 ≠ light (color)
‘Is the color of your car light red?’ ‘No, dark red.’
left (adj) ‫يسار‬
36 ≠ right
There was a dent on the left side of my car.
light (adj) ‫نور‬
37 ≠ dark (color)
When the light is green you can go.
right (adj) ‫يمين‬
38 ≠ left
The other car hit my car on the right side.
heavy traffic ‫ازدحام مروري‬ = many cars and trucks on
39
There is heavy traffic at 3 o’clock in the afternoon. the road
across (p) ‫الجهة المقابلة‬
40
The light was green so Tim went across the road.
41 at fault ‫بالخطاء‬ I was at fault. = It was my
I was at fault for the accident. I didn’t look. fault.
behind (p) ‫خلف‬

42 The children sat in the back of the car, behind ≠ in front of
their parents.

Book 9 Vocabulary
come to a stop / made a stop (p) ‫يتوقف‬
43 The road was very busy and there was a traffic = to stop
jam. Cars came to a stop.
in back of (p) ‫بالخلف‬ = behind
43
I left my wallet on the seat in back of the car. ≠ in front of
in front of (p) ‫أمام‬
44 ≠ behind, in back of
The policeman in front of my car told me to stop.
similar to ‫مشابه‬
45 The weather in Texas is similar to the weather in ≠ different from
Saudi Arabia. It’s not very different.

Book 9 Vocabulary
advice (n) ‫نصيحة‬
1 = suggestion
I have a problem. Can you give me some advice?
feelings (n) ‫احاسيس‬
2
I don’t want to hurt her feelings.
friendship (n) ‫صداقة‬
3
I enjoy his friendship because he is a nice person.
garage (n) ‫كراج سيارة‬
4
My car had a problem so I took it to a garage.
lie (n) ‫كذبة‬ = say something untrue
5
John told a lie. He said something that wasn’t true. ≠ tell the truth
opinion (n) ‫رأي‬

6
In my opinion, you should start exercising.
party (n) ‫حفلة‬
7
I had a party because it was my birthday.
roommate (n) ‫شريك السكن في الغرفة‬
8
Sam is my roommate. We share a room in college.
secret (n) ‫سر‬
9
It’s a secret that Tom’s dad is German. Nobody knows.
story (n) ‫قصة‬
10
Mr Brown reads stories to his children every night.
tool (n) ‫أداة‬ Examples: hammer,
11
A mechanic needs tools to fix cars.. screwdriver, nail
truth (n) ‫حقيقة‬
12 ≠ tell a lie
A good person always tells the truth.
Verbs
borrow (v) ‫يستعير‬
13 ≠ lend
Len didn’t have any money so he borrowed some.
care about (v) ‫يهتم‬
14
John helps his friends because he cares about them.

Book 9 Vocabulary
(1) care for (v) ‫يهتم‬
Mrs Smith cares for her children and husband. = look after
15
(2) not care for (v) ‫غير مهتم‬ = doesn’t like
Sue doesn’t care for classical music – she likes hip hop.
could (v) ‫يستطيع‬
16 could + Verb 1
‘I’m bored’. ‘You could go for a walk.’
enjoy (v) ‫يستمتع‬ = like
17
I enjoy going to restaurants with my friends. enjoy + V-ing
fix (v) ‫يصلح‬
18 = repair
I had a problem with my car but the mechanic fixed it.
go out (past = went out) (v) ‫ يخرج‬/ ‫خرج‬
19
My friends and I go out to movies a lot.
guess (v) ‫يخمن‬
20
‘Where’s Tim?’ ‘He isn’t here. I guess he’s sick.’
hurt (past = hurt) (v) ‫يجرح‬
21
I dropped a heavy book on my foot and hurt it.
hurt (someone’s) feelings (v) ‫… يجرح احساس‬
22 Don’t tell John that you don’t like his new car. You’ll
hurt his feelings.
lend (past = lent) (v) ‫ يعير‬/ ‫اعار‬
23 ≠ borrow
‘Can you lend me some money? I don’t have any.’
lie (v) ‫يكذب‬
24 ≠ tell the truth
Mark said he was sick. He lied. He was at the mall.
park (v) ‫يوقف السيارة‬
25
Nick parks his car outside his house, on the street.
repair (v) ‫يصلح‬
26 = fix
In a garage, mechanics can repair your car.
should (v) ‫يجب‬
27 should + Verb 1
You look tired. You should sleep more.

Book 9 Vocabulary
a lie ‫يكذب‬
a secret ‫سر‬
28 tell (someone) the truth ‫يقول الحقيقة‬
the time ‫يقول الوقت‬
a story ‫يحكي قصة‬
Other words
a little white lie ‫كذبة بيضة‬
29 I told my boss I was sick but it was a little white lie. = not a serious lie
I was at home watching movies.
anyone ‫اي احد‬
30
Sally was at home yesterday. She didn’t talk to anyone.
badly (adv) ‫بشكل سيئ‬
31 ≠ well
I didn’t study so I did badly in the test.
carefully (adv) ‫بحذر‬
32 ≠ carelessly
The students reviewed the test carefully.
carelessly (adv) ‫ دون مباالة‬/‫بال اهتمام‬
33 ≠ carefully
If you drive carelessly you will have an accident.
correctly (adv) ‫بشكل صحيح‬
34 ≠ incorrectly
I completed the test correctly so I graduated.
easily (adv) ‫بسهولة‬
35 ≠ with difficulty
The test was not difficult. The students passed easily.
excited (adj) ‫متحمس‬
36
James is excited . He’s going on holiday with his family.
fast (adj/adv) ‫بسرعة‬
37 ≠ slow, slowly
If you drive fast you will get a speeding ticket.
how (manner) ‫كيف‬
38
‘How does Jim spend his money?’ ‘Very carefully.’
in my opinion ‫في رأيي‬
39
In my opinion you should buy a blue car not a red one.
maybe ‫ ممكن‬/‫ربما‬
40 ≠ certainly, for sure
Eric is absent. Maybe he’s sick today.
Book 9 Vocabulary
safely (adv) ‫بشكل آمن‬
41 ≠ dangerously
William never has accidents because he drives safely.
slowly (adv) ‫ببطء‬
42 ≠ fast, quickly
Please drive slowly near the school.
someone ‫شخص ما‬
43
Someone is outside my house. Do you know him?

Book 9 Vocabulary
alarm clock (n) ‫ساعة منبه‬ a device for waking
1
An alarm clock wakes you up in the morning. you up
baggage (n) ‫شنطة‬
2 = luggage, cases
I had a lot of baggage to take to the airport.
bath (n) ‫استحمام‬
3 take + a bath
If you are dirty, take a bath or have a shower.
bathtub (n) ‫حوض استحمام‬
4
The bathtub was full of hot water.
bill (n) ‫فاتورة‬
5
John paid the bill after eating in the restaurant.
blanket (n) ‫لحاف‬ keeps you warm in
6
Des put a blanket on his bed because it was cold. bed
closet (n) ‫خزانة مالبس‬
7 = cupboard
You can hang your clothes in the closet.
end (n) ‫نهاية‬
8 ≠ beginning, start
At the end of the month I didn’t have any money.
gas/gasoline (n) ‫ بنزين‬/ ‫وقود‬
9 Gasoline is a fuel.
Dan is driving to Boston. He has a full tank of gasoline.
gas station (n) ‫محطة بنزين‬
10
Mark stopped at the gas station and filled up his car.
gauge (n) ‫ساعة للقياس‬
11
The gauge says the tank is empty. Let’s fill up.
hanger (n) ‫خزانة تعليق المالبس ( ا‬
)‫عالقة‬
12
You can hang your clean shirt on the hanger.
lady (n) ‫سيدة‬
13 = woman
The lady at the front desk gave me the key to the room.
ladies’ room (n) ‫دورة مياه للسيدات‬ = woman’s
14
The ladies’ room is over there, next to the kitchen. bathroom / toilet

Book 9 Vocabulary
laundry (n) ‫مغسلة مالبس‬
15 do + the laundry
Bill has to do the laundry because his clothes are dirty.
men’s room (n) ‫دورة مياه للرجال‬ = men’s bathroom /
16
Eric went to the men’s room and washed his face. toilet
motel (n) ‫فندق على الطريق‬ = a cheap hotel with
17
Sgt Smith rented a room at the motel. parking
pillow (n) ‫مخدة‬
18
You can rest your head on a pillow.
restroom (n) ‫دورة مياه‬
19 = bathroom / toilet
The restroom was nice and clean.
sheet (n) ‫شرشف‬
20
Mr Williams like to sleep under clean, white sheets.
tank (n) ‫خزان‬
21
The tank is empty. There’s no gas in it.
Verbs
apologize for something (v) ‫اعتذر عن شيء ما‬ = say you are sorry
22 apologize to someone (v) ‫اعتذر لـ شخص ما‬ apologize for + V-ing
I apologised to my boss for being late. apologize to somebody
bathe (v) ‫ اِغتسل‬/‫اِستحم‬ = take a bath, wash

23
I usually have a shower but at the weekend, I bathe. your body
fill up (v) ‫تعبئة‬ = put liquid in a
24
The waiter filled up our coffee pot in the restaurant. . container
forgive (past = forgave) (v) ‫يسامح‬
25
I know I am very late. Please forgive me.
hang up (past = hung up) (v) ‫يغلق الهاتف‬
26
After Sally does the laundry, she hangs up the clothes.
hope to (v) ‫يأمل‬
27 hope + to + Verb 1
Rick hopes to start a new job next week.
َ َ‫ق‬
mean to (past = meant to) (v) ‫ يهدف‬/ ‫ يقصد‬/ ‫صد‬
28 = want to, hope to
Andrew meant to call his friend but he forgot.

Book 9 Vocabulary
realize (v) ‫ استوعب‬/ ‫ فهم‬/ ‫انتبه‬ = suddenly know
29
Tom realized the tank was empty so he stopped the car. something
run out of (past = ran out of) (v) ‫ فرغ‬/ ‫انتهى‬
30 = have nothing left
Bill ran out of money so borrowed some from his dad.
spill (v) ‫يسكب خطأ‬
31
‘Sorry! I spilled some coffee on the carpet.’
step on (v) ‫ وطئ‬/‫داس‬
32
There’s some coffee on the floor. Don’t step on it.
take a bath (v) ‫يستحم‬
33 = bathe
Some people take a hot bath before bed every day.
worry (v) ‫يقلق‬
34
‘I’m sorry – I’m late.’ ‘Don’t worry about it. It’s okay.’
Other words
almost ‫ تقريبا‬/ ‫على وشك‬
35 = nearly
It’s 6:55. It’s almost time for Lesson 1.
empty (adj) ‫ فارغ‬/‫خالي‬
36 ≠ full
The classroom is empty. No-one is there.
full (adj) ‫ممتلئ‬
37 ≠ empty
The tank was full. 70 liters of gas were in it.
hard (adj) ‫قاسي‬
38 ≠ soft
The chairs in school are hard. They’re not comfortable.
pleased (adj) ‫ سعيد‬/ ‫مبتهج‬ = happy
39
Fred wasn’t pleased that his friends were late. ≠ annoyed
ready (adj) ‫جاهز‬
40
Ben has his baggage at the door. He is ready to leave.
really ‫حقا‬
41 = very, extremely
When he came home from work, he was really hungry.
so ‫جدا‬
42 = very, extremely
Jack passed his test. He’s so happy!

Book 9 Vocabulary
soft (adj) ‫ ناعم‬/‫طري‬
43 ≠ hard
This bed is really comfortable. The pillows are so soft!
sorry ‫آسف‬
44 = I apologize
‘I’m sorry I’m late.’ ‘Don’t worry. It’s okay.’
worried about (adj) ‫قلق على‬
45 Mrs Jones is worried about her children. It’s 11
o’clock and they’re not home yet.
Apologies ‫اعتذر‬
I apologise for being late. ‫اعتذر عن التأخير‬
I’m sorry I’m late. ‫آسف على التأخير‬ ‫ تستخدم هذه العبارات‬:‫مالحظة‬
Please forgive me. ‫الرجاء سامحني‬ ‫لالعتذار وهي تحمل نفس المعنى‬
Please excuse me. ‫الرجاء اعذرني‬

46
That’s okay.
That’s alright. ‫ تستخدم هذه العبارات للرد‬:‫مالحظة‬
No problem. ‫على االعتذار وهي تحمل نفس المعنى‬
Don’t worry about it.

Book 9 Grammar
1. Using present progressive for future (L1. Pg.14)
Sometimes, the present progressive describes an action happening now.
‫يتم في بعض االحيان استخدام المضارع المستمر لوصف حدث في الوقت الحالي‬
John is busy. He’s studying for a test. (now)
Sometimes, present progressive describes a future plan.

‫و في بعض االحيان يتم استخدام المضارع المستمر لوصف خطط مستقبلية‬
John is taking his test tomorrow. (future plan)
You can also use will and going to to talk about future plans.
‫ للتحدث عن خطط المستقبل‬will ‫ و‬going to ‫كما يمكنك ايضا استخدام‬
Sentences
will arrive
)won’t arrive(
is going to arrive
The General tomorrow.
)isn’t going to arrive(
is arriving
)isn’t arriving(
Questions
Will the General arrive tomorrow?
Is the General going to arrive tomorrow?
Is the General arriving tomorrow?
Don’t forget!
I + am He /She/It + is We/They/You + are
Examples Will you come with me to the bank? No, I won’t come with you.
Am I going to pass my test? Yes, you are going to pass.
Is Sam coming to the cinema tomorrow? Sam is coming, yes.
Book 9 Grammar
2. Using because to connect clauses (L1. Pg.17)
Use because connect two clauses. Use because before the clause
with the reason for something.
.‫ للربط بين جملتين‬because ‫استخدام‬
‫ قبل الجملة التي فيها السبب‬because ‫استخدم‬
Why question
Teacher: Why are you late?
Cadet: I’m late because I was talking to the Officer.
Main clause Reason clause

I’m late because I was talking to the officer.
Yes / No question
Ahmed: Are you going to the party later?
Fahad: No, I’m not going because I have to study for my test.
Answer Reason clause

No, I’m not because I have to study for my test..
We can also use because at the start of the sentence (usually when
writing). )‫ في بداية الجملة (تستخدم غالبا في الكتابة‬because ‫يمكنا أيضا استخدام كلمة‬
Because the weather is nice, we will go to the park.
Reason clause Main clause

Because the weather is nice, we will go to the park.

Book 9 Grammar
3. Using the past progressive (L2. Pg.33)
Use the past progressive to talk about an action that started before a time
and continued after.
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر للتحدث عن حدث في الماضي واستمر بعد ذلك‬
At 4pm Tom was studying.
3pm 4pm 5pm Present /

Now
Tom Tom
started stopped
Positive studying. studying.
Subject BE V-ing Negativ
Subject BE V-ing
I / He e I / He
was was
She / It playing tennis. She / It playing tennis.
You not having dinner.
You
We were having dinner.
We were living in Paris.
They
They
Questions Wh- BE Subject V-ing
What I / he
was
When she
(Was) playing tennis?
Where it
going to school?
Which living in Paris?
were you/ we
Why (Were) they
Use the past simple to talk about something short that happened in the
middle of doing something else (past progressive).
‫يتم استخدام الماضي البسيط في الجملة في الحدث االقصر في منتصف حدث ماضي مستمر أخر‬
Tom was studying when his friend arrived.
Tom was studying.
3pm 5pm Present / Now

His friend arrived.
Book 9 Grammar
4. Using should to ask for and give advice (L3. Pg.64)
should is a modal verb. Use should to give or ask for advice and suggestions.
‫ لطلب او إعطاء نصيحة او اقتراح‬Should ‫ استخدم‬.‫ من االفعال الناقصة‬Should ‫يعتبر‬
Should
After modal verbs, use Verb 1
Modal verbs ‫استخدم التصريف االول للفعل بعد‬
Sentence Subject Modal Verb1 + details

I / You / They / We should arrive early.
He / She / It )shouldn’t( turn left.
Yes / no Modal Subject Verb1 + details

question
I / You / They / We tell the teacher?
Should
He / She / It
invite your friend?
Tony feels sick. Should he go to work?
No. He should see a doctor.
5. Using could to give suggestions (L3. Pg.66)

could is a modal verb. Use could to give or ask for possible suggestions.
‫ لطلب مقترح أو إعطاء مقترح‬Could ‫ يستخدم‬.Modal verbs ‫ من‬Could ‫يعتبر‬

‫ استخدم التصريف االول‬Modal verbs ‫بعد‬
‫للفعل‬
Subject Modal Verb1 + details
I / You / They / We could exercise more.
He / She / It )couldn’t( study harder.
I’m bored.
You could go to the cinema.

Book 9 Grammar
6. Adverbs of manner with -ly (L3. Pg.69)
Adverbs give us information about a verb.
‫يزودنا الحال بمعلومات عن الفعل‬
Adverb
This is the verb. (How did he study?)
How you do something  The cadet studied quietly.

‫كيف تقوم بعمل الشي ء‬
or
How something happens  It was raining heavily.
‫كيف حدث الشي ء‬
This is the verb. Adverb
(How did it rain?)
*Note that we usually add –ly to an adjective to make an adverb.

‫ ( للصفة لتحويلها الى حال‬ly) ‫الحظ أننا بالعادة نضيف‬
Examples You should drive carefully. The child excitedly ran and jumped up.
The cadet easily passed his test. Drive slowly in the car park.
Adjective Adverb
‫هادئ‬ calm calmly ‫بشكل هادئ‬
‫حريص‬ careful carefully ‫بحرص‬
‫خطير‬ dangerous dangerously ‫على نحو خطير‬
‫متحمس‬ excited excitedly ‫ بانفعال‬/‫بإثارة‬
‫مسالم‬ peaceful peacefully ‫سلمي‬
‫سريع‬ quick quickly ‫بشكل سريع‬
‫آ من‬ safe safely ‫ بسالمة‬/‫بحذر‬
‫بطيء‬ slow slowly ‫بشكل بطيء‬
The adverbs for fast and good are different.

‫ يتغير‬good ‫ و‬fast ‫الحال في كالً من‬
Arabic Adjective Adverb Arabic

‫سريع‬ fast fast ‫بسرعة‬
‫جيد‬ good well ‫بشكل جيد‬
He drove very fast. He speaks English very well.
verb adverb verb adverb

Book 9 Grammar
7. Modal Review (L3. Pg.80)
Modals Purpose Examples

talk about ability I can swim for a mile.
can
‫للتحدث عن القدرة‬ You can drive to Riyadh in 4 hours.
ask for and
can Can/May I use your phone?
give permission
may Yes, you can use it.
‫لطلب أو إعطاء إذن‬
a future plan, or and
will 100% possibility We’ll wash the car tonight.
be going to ‫تستخدم للخطط المستقبلية‬ I am going to leave early.
‫واحتمالية حدوث الشيء‬
express 50% possibility

may I may go shopping after work.
‫ من‬%50 ‫للتعبير عن‬
might It might rain at the weekend.
‫االحتمالية‬
say something is
must You must be on time for class.
necessary or required
have to ‫للتحدث عن شيء ضروري‬ You have to go to work today.
say something is
must not forbidden You mustn’t smoke inside.
‫للتحدث عن شيء ممنوع‬
‫ يستخدم التصريف االول للفعل‬Modal verbs ‫بعد‬
8. Using adjective + that (L4. Pg.88)

Use adjective + that + noun clause so say why someone is sad / sorry, etc.
‫ إلخ‬... ‫ متأسف‬/‫ سعيد‬/ ‫ مع الجملة اإلسمية للتحدث عن لماذا الشخص حزين‬that + ‫استخدم الصفة‬
Noun clause
Adjective
(subject + verb + …)
happy
pleased the weather is nice.
I’m
glad we have a day off.
You’re (that)
sorry the shop is open.
He’s
angry you arrived on time.
upset
Sam is upset that tomorrow is not a day off.
Book 9 Grammar
9. That noun clause (L4. Pg.96)
Use that + noun clause after these verbs:
‫ الجملة االسمية بعد االفعال التالية‬+ that ‫استخدم‬
forget / learn / see / guess /

think / read / hear / hope / know /
realize / remember / understand Noun clause
The weather’s nice today.
I think (that) the weather’s nice today.
that is optional
Examples I realized (that) he was French. I hope (that) you are OK.
10. Using apologize + for + Verb-ing (L4. Pg.98)

After apologize, use for + Verb-ing.
Verb-ing+ for ‫ استخدم‬apologize ‫بعد‬
Subject apologize (to someone) Verb-ing

I / You to you for being late.
We / They apologize
He / She / It to the teacher for not doing my work.
The student apologised for not doing his homework.

Additional words you learn






Grammar & Vocabulary: Level 2a

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Level 2a

DLI American Language Course

Name: _________________ Number: __________

Remember – to really learn the

similar meaning, opposite or

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describe (v) ‫يصف‬

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2. Other / Both (L1. Pg.16)

This is my apple. The other apple is Ahmed’s.

Both apples are red.

3. Adjectives in front of nouns (L1. Pg.22)

Mike drives a taxi. It is green.  Mike drives a green taxi.

Noun Adjective Noun Adjective

 The young boy got off the blue bike.

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3. Comparative adjectives (L2. Pg.47)

The black cars are bigger than the red ones.

Col Smith Sgt Jones

Sgt Jones is taller than Col Smith.

Rules Adjective Comparative Example

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4. Superlatives (L3. Pg. 78)

A is the smallest. D is the biggest.

Rules Adjective Superlative Example

*Note: always use the before the superlative.

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5. Some / Any (L2. Pg.55)

Use some in positive sentences. Use any in negative sentences.

2) … when offering things: Would you like some cake?

6. How old… (L3. Pg.70)

He/ She/ It + is + 1 year old.

We / You / They are 15 years old.

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7. Using things for doing something (L4. Pg.102)

I / You / a box carrying books.

… or you can use to + Verb 1

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west (n) ‫غرب‬

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take (a right/left, a street) (v) )‫انعطف – خذ(اتجاه‬

Adjectives and adverbs

47 Take a left / right at ...

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the least ‫األقل‬ = fewest

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Name: _______ Number: