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Refresher Module – Structural Engineering (Foundation)

SITUATION: Given a retaining wall as shown in the figure. SITUATION: The concrete wall retains water to its maximum height, H:
fc’ = 24MPa H = 5.0m B = 1.2m
fy = 415MPa Concrete unit weight = 24kN/m 3
Soil unit weight, γS = 18kN/m 3 Assume full fixity at the base of the wall
Concrete unit weight, γC = 24kN/m 3
Active earth pressure coefficient = 1/3

The required strength of the wall,

U = 0.7D + 1.7E
Where D is dead load and E is earth pressure.
Consider per meter strip of wall along its length

7. Determine the maximum compressive stress (kPa) at the base of the

wall if the water reached the top of the wall.
A. 971.56 B. 611.56 C. 1331.56 D. 491.56

8. Determine allowable depth of water if the compressive stress at the

base of the wall is not to exceed 350kPa.
A. 4.71 B. 3.23 C. 2.67 D. 1.55

9. Determine the depth of water if the allowable tensile stress at the base
of the wall is zero.
A. 4.45 B. 3.75 C. 2.60 D. 0.00

SITUATION: A rectangular footing 2.5 m wide along the x-axis and 3 m

long parallel to the y-axis supports a concentrically located column 0.6 m
a = 0.20m b = 0.70m c = 0.80m x 0.6 m in area. U = 1.2DL + 1.6LL
d = 3.50m e = 7.00m f = 0.50m Given: Footing ultimate loads
Axial load, Pu = 1500 kN
1. Calculate the factor of safety against sliding of the retaining wall. Moment about the y-axis, My = 180 kN∙m
Effective depth of footing = 350 mm
Consider coefficient of friction at the base to be 0.60. Neglect passive earth
Concrete f’c = 20.7 MPa
pressure coefficient. Steel, Fy = 415 MPa
A. 1.31 B. 1.42 C. 1.45 D. 1.89 10. Find the maximum punching shear stress (MPa) due to the axial load
only.
2. Determine the factor of safety against overturning. A. 0.99 B. 1.32 C. 1.17 D. 1.29
A. 1.31 B. 1.42 C. 1.45 D. 1.89
11. What is maximum wide beam shear stress (MPa) due to the given
footing loads?
3. Determine the maximum soil pressure.
A. 0.42 B. 0.56 C. 0.76 D. 0.49
A. 242 B. 238 C. 27 D. 0
12. How much additional moment (kN∙m) can the footing carry without
4. Determine the minimum soil pressure. causing uplift of the footing?
A. 242 B. 238 C. 27 D. 0 A. 625 B. 415 C. 570 D. 445

5. Calculate the design moment, M u at the stem.

A. 583.1 B. 343 C. 841.8 D. 100.5

6. Calculate the spacing of 20mm bars required at the stem of the wall.
Use 85mm steel cover to the centroid of the reinforcements.
A. 130 B. 120 C. 110 D. 90