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Review Module- Reinforced Concrete Design (RCD Columns-USD Part 2 )

ECCENTRICALLY LOADED COLUMN

ECCENTRICALLY LOADED COLUMNS
Analytical Method.
Interaction Diagram

SITUATION 3
𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕 > 𝒆𝒎𝒊𝒏 Using the same given in Situation 1 and Using Interaction diagram,
determine the following.
1) Determine Pn when e=200 mm.
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 2)Determine Pn when e=575 mm.
𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡 > 𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙 3) Determine Pb,
𝑃𝑛 = 𝑃𝑏 𝑃𝑛 > 𝑃𝑏 𝑃𝑛 < 𝑃𝑏 SLENDER COLUMN
𝜀𝑡 = 𝜀𝑦 𝜀𝑡 < 𝜀𝑦 𝜀𝑡 > 𝜀𝑦 PROVISIONS FROM NSCP 2015
𝑓𝑠 = 𝜀𝑡 𝐸𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑠 = 𝜀𝑡 𝐸𝑠 < 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑠 = 𝜀𝑡 𝐸𝑠 > 𝑓𝑦
406.2.5 Slenderness effects shall be permitted to be
𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑠 = 𝜀𝑡 𝐸𝑠 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 neglected if (a) or (b) is satisfied:
Compression Transition Tension
Controlled Zone Controlled a. For columns not braced against sidesway
(𝜀𝑦 < 𝜀𝑡 𝜀𝑡 ≥ 0.005
< 0.005) 𝒌𝒍𝒖
≤ 𝟐𝟐
𝒓
Strength Reduction Factor for Flexure and Flexure with Axial. b. For columns braced against sidesway

𝒌𝒍𝒖 𝑴𝟏
≤ 𝟑𝟒 + 𝟏𝟐 ( )
𝒓 𝑴𝟐
and
𝒌𝒍𝒖
≤ 𝟒𝟎
𝒓

where M1/M2 is negative if the column is bent in single

curvature, and positive for double curvature.

If bracing elements resisting lateral movement of a storey

have a total stiffness of at least 12 times the gross lateral
stiffness of the columns in the direction considered, it
shall be permitted to consider columns within the storey
to be braced against side sway.

406.2.5.1 The radius of gyration, r, shall be permitted to

SITUATION 1
be calculated by (a),(b),or (c):
A 350 mm x 575 mm column is reinforced with 10 -32mm bars, five
bars distributed equally in short dimension with steel covering of
𝐼𝑔
57.5 mm. f’c = 28 MPa and fy = 420 MPa. Consider eccentricity a. 𝑟=√
𝐴𝑔
measured along the longer side. Use NSCP 2001/2010
1) Determine the load Pbal for balanced failure.
2) Determine the eccentricity ebal for balanced failure. b. 0.30 times the dimension in the direction stability
3) Determine the moment Mbal for balanced failure. is being considered for rectangular columns;
4) Determine Pn and Pu when e=200 mm.
5) Determine Pn and Pu when e=575 mm. c. 0.25 times the diameter of circular columns.

SITUATION 2: (Nov 2018 CE Board Exam) 406.6.4.5 MOMENT MAGNIFICATION METHOD:

Details of a rectangular column are as follows: Non Sway Frames
Column width along X-axis=250 mm
Column Depth along the Y-axis=600 mm 406.6.4.5.1 The factored moment used for design of columns
8-25 mm diameter bars distributed equally along the longer sides. and walls, Mc shall be the first-order factored moment M2
10 mm diameter ties spaced at 10 mm on centers amplified for the effects of member curvature.
Concrete 28th day Compressive strength, fc;=20.7 MPa 𝑴𝒄 = 𝜹𝑴𝟐
Reinforcing Steel yield strength, fy=415 MPa
Assume that compression steel yields.
406.6.4.5.2 Magnification factor 𝜹 shall be calculated
1. Which of the following gives the nominal balanced load Pb (kN). by:
a=90.4mm 𝐶𝑚
A.2584 C. 954
𝜹= 𝑃𝑢 ≥ 1.0
1−
B. 2028 D. 1320 0.75𝑃𝑐

2. Which of the following gives the nominal axial load (kN) that the
column can carry at an eccentricity of 200 mm along the X axis from
the centroidal Y-axis.
A.1320 C. 796
B. 398 D. 1584
 MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
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SITUATION 6
406.6.4.5.3 𝑪𝒎 shall be in accordance with (a) or (b); The tied column has dimensions 300mm x 400mm and reinforced with
a. 8-25mm bars with effective cover of 60mm. It is to be used in a frame
against sidesway. The column is bent in single curvature about its
𝑴𝟏 stronger axis and has an unsupported length of 5m. The column carries
𝑪𝒎 = 𝟎. 𝟔 − 𝟎. 𝟒 ( )
𝑴𝟐 an axial dead load of 500 kN and axial live load of 800 kN, the column is
also subjected to factored moment of 120 kN-m at the top and 140 kN-m
Additional notes for Cm: (as per PCA notes on ACI) at the bottom, both moments are acting about the stronger axis, if
𝑴𝟏 k=0.8,fc’=28 MPa, fy=420 MPa and. Assume normal weight concrete.
𝑪𝒎 = 𝟎. 𝟔 − 𝟎. 𝟒 ( ) ≥ 𝟎. 𝟒0
𝑴𝟐 Use Load Factors 1.2 for Dead Load and 1.6 Live Load.

Where M1/M2 is negative if the column is bent in single Curvature 1) Calculate the slenderness ratio and determine, if slenderness
and positive if bent in double curvature. M1 corresponds to end effects should be considered or neglected.
moment with lesser value. 2) Calculate the magnified moment.

b. For columns with transverse loads applied between

supports.

𝑪𝒎 = 𝟏. 𝟎
*Calculation of 𝑷𝒄
406.6.4.4.2 The critical buckling load, Pc, shall be
calculated by:

𝝅𝟐 (𝑬𝑰)𝒆𝒇𝒇
𝑷𝒄 =
(𝒌𝒍𝒖 )𝟐

406.6.4.4.3 The effective length factor k shall be calculated

using Ec in accordance with Section 419 .2.2 and I in
accordance with Section 406.6.3.1.1. For non-sway members,
k shall be permitted to be taken as 1.0, and for sway members,
k shall be at least 1.0.

406.6.4.4.4 For non-composite columns, (El)eff shall

be calculated in accordance with (a), (b), or (c):

a.

𝟎. 𝟒𝑬𝒄 𝑰𝒈
(𝑬𝑰)𝒆𝒇𝒇 = (𝟒𝟎𝟔. 𝟔. 𝟒. 𝟒. 𝟒𝒂)
𝟏 + 𝜷𝒅𝒏𝒔
b.

𝟎. 𝟐𝑬𝒄 𝑰𝒈 + 𝑬𝒔 𝑰𝒔𝒆
(𝑬𝑰)𝒆𝒇𝒇 = (𝟒𝟎𝟔. 𝟔. 𝟒. 𝟒. 𝟒𝒃)
𝟏 + 𝜷𝒅𝒏𝒔
c.

𝑬𝒄 𝑰
(𝑬𝑰)𝒆𝒇𝒇 = (𝟒𝟎𝟔. 𝟔. 𝟒. 𝟒. 𝟒𝒄)
𝟏 + 𝜷𝒅𝒏𝒔

Where 𝛽𝑑𝑛𝑠 shall be the ratio of maximum factored

sustained axial load to maximum factored axial load associated
with the same load combination and in Eq.406.6.4.4.4c is calculated
according to Table 406.6.3. l. l (b) for columns and walls.

Table 406.3.3.1 (b)

Additional notes for 𝛽𝑑𝑛𝑠 : (As per ACI 318-14M Commentary)

For simplification, it can be assumed that 𝛽𝑑𝑛𝑠 = 0.6. In this
case Eq. (6.6.4.4.4a) becomes 0.25𝐸𝑐 𝐼𝑔 . 𝛽𝑑𝑛𝑠 should not be taken
greater than 1.0.

406.6.4.5.4 M2 in Eq. 406.6.4.5. l shall be at least

M2, min calculated according to Eq. 406.6.4.5.4 about
each axis separately.

𝑴𝟐𝒎𝒊𝒏 = 𝑷𝒖 (𝟏𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝒉)

M2, min exceeds M2 , Cm shall be taken equal to 1.0 or

calculated based on the ratio of the calculated end
moments M1 /M2 using Eq. 406.6.4.5.3a.
 MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-9967 (Cebu)