Table 1.

Shows the VITAL SIGNS during admission

Nursing RESULT UNIT REFERENCE INTERPRETATION

Assessment
upon Admission
in Medical Unit
Revealed:
Temperature 38.4 °C 37.5 °C A temporary rise in body temperature is usually
called a fever that is a common side effect of illness .
A fever is usually a sign that your immune system is
busy fighting an infection or other illness (Iftikhar. N,
2019).
Pulse Rate 103 bpm 60- 100 bpm Heart rates that are consistently above 100, even
when the person is sitting quietly, can sometimes be
caused by an abnormal heart rhythm. A high heart rate
can also mean the heart muscle is weakened by a virus
or some other problem that forces it to beat more
often to pump enough blood to the rest of the body
(Harvard Health Publishing, 2021).
Respiratory Rate 22 br/min 14- 20 br/min Rapid, shallow breathing, also called tachypnea,
occurs when you take more breaths than normal in a
given minute. It can be caused by several things
including infections, choking, blood clots, and more
(Kahn. A, 2019).
Blood pressure 140/100 mmHg 120/80 mmHg High blood pressure (also referred to as HBP, or
hypertension) is when your blood pressure, the force
of blood flowing through your blood vessels, is
consistently too high (Heart.org, 2021)
O2Sat 95 % 95- 100% Within the normal range
Table 2. Shows the VITAL SIGNS At present (Day 3 since admission)

VITAL SIGNS RESULT UNIT REFERENCE INTERPRETATION

Temperature 37.6 °C 37.5 °C In comparison to the previous result, the
temperature slightly decreases but still in a not
normal range. Elevation of body temperature is a
characteristic feature of most infection and
autoinflammatory disease (Dinarello, 2021)
Pulse Rate 99 bpm 60-100 bpm Within the normal range
Respiratory Rate 19 br/min 14-20 br/min Within the normal range
Blood pressure 140/90 mmHg 120/80 mmHg Compared to the prior result the diastolic is
slightly decreased but still above normal. The
higher your blood pressure levels, the more risk
you have for other health problems, such as heart
disease, heart attack, and stroke (cdc 2021).

O2Sat 96 % 95-100% Within the normal range

 LABORATORY RESULT

Table 3. Shows diagnostic exam upon admission in the medical units revealed:

COMPLETE RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION

BLOOD
COUNT
Hb 12 mg/dL 12- 16 mg/dL Within the normal range

Hct 41 % 36- 48% Within the normal range

WBC 11,000 mm3 4, 500- 11, 000 mm3 Within the normal range

Platelets 360,000 uL 150,000- 450,000 uL Within the normal range

Table 4. Shows the FBS result.

FASTING RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION
BLOOD
SUGAR
FBS 130 mg/dL 60-110 mg/dL Elevated levels are associated with diabetes and
insulin resistance, in which the body cannot properly
handle sugar, ( Cleveland clinic.org, 2021)

Table 5. Shows BASIC METABOLIC PANEL Test result.

BASIC RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION

METABOLIC
PANEL
K 3.9 mEq/L 3.5-5.0 mEq/L Within the normal range
 Na 142 mEq/L 135- 145 mEq/L Within the normal range

Ca 10 mg/dL 9- 11 mg/dL Within the normal range

BUN 23 mg/dL 10- 20 mg/dL High BUN level means your kidneys aren't working
well. But elevated BUN can also be due to:
dehydration, resulting from not drinking enough fluids
or for other reasons such as urinary tract obstruction
and taking certain medications, such as some
antibiotics, (Rodwell VW, et al., 2018).
Serum Creatinine 2.12 mg/dL 0.7- 1.4 mg/dL Elevated creatinine level signifies impaired kidney
function or kidney disease. As the kidneys become
impaired for any reason, the creatinine level in the
blood will rise due to poor clearance of creatinine by
the kidneys, (Davis. C, 2021).

Table 6. shows the Liver Function Test (LFT) result

Liver Function RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION

Test (LFT)
ALT 52 U/L 5-35 U/L When your liver is damaged or inflamed, it can
release ALT into your bloodstream. This causes your
ALT levels to rise. A high ALT level can indicate a
liver problem, which is why doctors often use an ALT
test when diagnosing liver conditions. Several things
can cause high ALT levels, including: over-the-
counter pain medications, (Longhurst. A, 2018).
AST 43 U/L 10-40 U/L High AST level is a sign of liver damage, but it can
also mean you have damage to another organ that makes
it, like your heart or kidneys, (Robinson. J, 2021).
 ALP 121 U/L 40-120 U/L Elevated ALP levels are generally a sign of a liver
condition. An obstruction of the liver or damage to it
will cause ALP levels to rise. This will also occur if
there is an increase in bone cell activity. Abnormal
ALP levels usually indicate one of the following
conditions such as overuse of medications that
harmful to the liver, (Lou.K, 2018).
Albumin 5.9 g/dL 4.0- 5.5 g/dL High serum albumin levels could mean that you’re
dehydrated or eat a diet rich in protein. However, a
serum albumin test usually isn’t necessary to
diagnose dehydration, (Nall.R, 2019).
Total Protein 8.4 g/dL 7.0- 7.5 g/dL
Elevated total protein is found in people who are
dehydrated, the real problem is that the blood plasma
is actually more concentrated.Certain proteins in the
blood may be elevated as your body fights an
infection or some other inflammation. People with
certain bone marrow diseases, such as multiple
myeloma, may have high blood protein levels before
they show any other symptoms, (Oza, A., et al.,
2015). 
Bilirubin 1.1 mg/dL 0.1- 1.2 mg/dL Within the normal range
 GGT 57
Table 7.Shows the ECG result.
ECG RESULT
Shows minimal shortened
PR interval with no
apparent abnormalities.
U/L 10-40 U/L Results show higher than normal levels of GGT, it
may be a sign of liver damage. The damage may be
due to one of the following conditions: diabetes,
congestive heart failure and side effect of a drug.
Certain medicines can cause liver damage in some
people. The results can't show which condition you
have, but it can help show how much liver damage
you have. Usually, the higher the level of GGT, the
greater the level of damage to the liver. (Hinkle J.,et
al., 2014)
NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION
shortened PR interval 0.12-0.20 seconds Sinus tachycardia

Table 8. Shows the ABG result.

ARTERIAL RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION
BLOOD GAS
pH 7.32 7.35- 7.45 Acidosis is when your blood pH drops below 7.35
and becomes too acidic.When your lungs aren't able
to move enough carbon dioxide out of your body
quickly enough, blood pH is lowered. This is called
respiratory acidosis, (Iftikhar.,N. 2019).
PaCO2 39 mmHg 35- 45 mmHg Within the normal range

PaO2 92 mmHg 80-100 mmHg Within the normal range

HCO3 20 mEq/L 22- 26 mEq/L A low level of bicarbonate in your blood may cause
 a condition called metabolic acidosis, or too much
acid in the body. A wide range of conditions,
including diarrhea, kidney disease, and liver failure,
can cause metabolic acidosis, (University of
Rochester Medical Center Rochester, NY. 2021).

Table 10. Shows the Random Blood sugar (RBS) test result.
Random RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE
blood
sugar
(RBS)
142 mg/dL 80-120 mg/dL High blood sugar or hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood sugar
(blood glucose) level in the blood. Hyperglycemia is a hallmark sign of
diabetes, (Stoppler.M, 2020).

Table 9. Shows the 6 Hours Urine Output.

Urine Output 180 ml w/in 6 0.5- 1.5 ml/kg/hr Normal urine output ranges 0.5 to 1.5 ml/kg/hour
hrs Therefore, 0.5ml × 51kg =25.5/hr × 6hrs = 153 ml a
patient should be urinating at least every 6 hours.

Table 11. Shows the URINALYSIS result.

NORMAL INTERPRETATION
 COLOR Amber Urochrome Amber-colored urine can indicate dehydration, (Smith.K, 2018).
Turbid Clear and If  urine looks cloudy instead of its usual clear, yellowish color, it could
TRANSPARENCY transparent be due to infections, kidney stones, or other changes in the health.
Sometimes pain or other symptoms go along with it, (Watson. S, 2021).
4.8 (7.35- 7.45) If the urine sample has a lower-than-normal pH, this could indicate an
environment conducive to kidney stones. Other conditions that prefer an
PH/REACTION
acidic environment are: acidosis. diabetic ketoacidosis, which occurs
when ketones build up in the body, (Nall. R, 2021).
CELLS/HPF
5 <2 A higher than normal number of RBCs in the urine may be due to:
bladder, kidney, or urinary tract cancer, kidney and other urinary tract
RBC
problems, such as infection, or stones and kidney injury, (Krishnan A., et
al, 2020).
11mm3
1- 5 mm3 If doctor tests the urine and finds too many leukocytes, it could be a
Moderate sign of infection. Leukocytes are white blood cells that help your body
fight germs. When you have more of these than usual in your urine, it's
Leukocyte esterase
often a sign of a problem somewhere in your urinary tract.Some of the
w/ WBC
most common reasons for leukocytes in urine, and other symptoms you
might see with them, include: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), (Watson. S,
2019).

Table 12. Shows the COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT result At present (Day 3 since admission).

COMPLETE BLOOD RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION

COUNT
Hb 12 mg/dL 12- 16 mg/dL Within the normal range
 Hct 42 % 36- 48% Within the normal range

WBC 9, 800 mm3 4, 500- 11, 000 mm3 Within the normal range

Platelets 340, 000 uL 150,000- 450,000 uL Within the normal range

TABLE 13. Shows the fasting blood sugar test result

RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION
FBS 152 mg/dL 60-100 mg/dL The fasting blood sugar level is elevated and
above the normal range. A high level of fasting
blood sugar indicates that the body has been unable
to lower the levels of sugar in the blood

Table 14. Shows the BASIC METABOLIC PANEL test result At present (Day 3 since admission).

BASIC METABOLIC RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION

PANEL
K 3.9 mEq/L 3.5- 5.0 mEq/L Within the normal range

Na 145 mEq/L 135- 145 mEq/L Within the normal range

Ca 10.2 mg/dL 9- 11 mg/dL Within the normal range

BUN 20 mg/dL 10- 20 mg/dL Within the normal range

 Serum Creatinine 1.62 mg/dL 0.7- 1.4 mg/dL Elevated creatinine levels usually indicate that
the kidneys are not working as they should and
other factors can temporarily raise creatinine levels
above normal these include dehydration and
consuming large amounts of protein (Sherrell. Z,
2021).

Table 15. Shows the Liver Function Test (LFT) At present (Day 3 since admission).

Liver Function Test RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION

(LFT)
ALT 51 U/L 5- 35 U/L An elevated level of ALT indicates that the enzyme
leaks out into the bloodstream when liver cells are
damaged as a result of infection (Veterans Health
Administration, Handbook, 2020)
AST 45 U/L 10-40 U/L High amount of AST in the blood indicate health
problem and can be associated with liver injury.
AST levels increase when there's damage to the
tissues and cells where the enzyme is found
(Burke, 2018).
ALP 119 U/L 40-120 U/L Within the normal range

Albumin 5.6 g/dL 4.0-5.5 g/dL Compared to the prior result, the albumin level
are slight decreasing but still above normal. Higher
than normal levels of albumin may indicate
dehydration and other certain drugs (MedLinePlus,
2020).
Total Protein 8.1 g/dL 7.0-7.5 g/dL The total protein level is somewhat lower than the
previous result. A high total protein level could
indicate dehydration or an increase in the
gammaglobulin (antibody) fraction, as found in
 chronic inflammatory diseases and infections
(Biron Health Group, 2021)
Bilirubin 1.2 mg/dL 0.1- 1.2 mg/dL Within the normal range

GGT 56 U/L 10- 40 U/L From the previous result the GGT level
decreased but still in above normal. High levels of
GGT in the blood could indicate that the enzyme is
leaking out of the liver cells and into the blood,
suggesting damage to the liver or bile ducts, (Galan
2019).

TABLE 16. Shows the ABG result At present (Day 3 since admission).
ARTERIAL BLOOD RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION
GAS
pH 7.35 7.35- 7.45 Within the normal range

PaCO2 44 mmHg 35- 45 mmHg Within the normal range

PaO2 94 mmHg 80- 100 mmHg Within the normal range

HCO3 22 mEq/L 22-26 mEq/L Within the normal range

Table 17. Shows the 24-Hours Volume Test

RESULT UNITS NORMAL RANGE INTERPRETATION

Input 2,800 ml/24hrs 2500ml/24hrs The 24 hours input fluids are 2800 mL,
according to the result only half of the input was
 Output 1,600 ml/24hrs 2000ml/24hrs being excreted or the output. It indicates a positive
fluid balance it means the patient’s fluid input is
higher than their output. The condition describing
excess fluid is known as hypervolemia or fluid
overload, (Bannerman, 2018).

Table 18. Shows the URINE Culture AND Sensitivity TEST

TEST RESULT INTERPRETATION

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic agent in the fluoroquinolone class used to treat

bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections and Ciprofloxacin is the
(＋) E. coli Sensitive to ciproflaxin
most potent against gram-negative bacilli bacteria such as E.coli. Ciprofloxin is
to treat bacterial infection notably infectious caused by E.coli, (Ogbru, 2019).

Table 19. URINALYSIS result At present (Day 3 since admission).

NORMAL INTERPRETATION
Amber Urochrome The color of urine is the same as the prior results that indicate
severe dehydration becoming the urine color is amber. Dehydration,
COLOR
which can concentrate your urine and make it much deeper in color,
can also make your urine appear orange (MayoClinic.org, 2020).
 Minimally Clear and The transparency of the urine is slightly change compared to the
turbid transparent previous result. Minimally turbid urine may occur occasionally due
to mild dehydration; when it occurs in the absence of symptoms and
TRANSPARENCY
goes away rapidly, it is usually of little consequence. Urine causing
it to persistently appear cloudy or foamy due to infections anywhere
in the urinary tract (Stoppler, 2019).
5.7 (7.35- 7.45) PH urine level is acidic and a bit elevated compared to the first
PH/REACTION result and one of the major factors affecting urine pH is the person’s
diet it also might indicate a medical condition, (Nall, 2018).
CELLS/HPF

4 <2 When compared to the prior result of RBC in the urine it

decreased from 5 to 4. A normal result is <2 red blood cells per high
power field (RBC/HPF) or less when the sample is examined. A
RBC
higher than normal number of RBCs in the urine may be due to
urinary tract problems, such as infection, or stones (Krishnan et al.,
2019)
9.5 mm3 0-5 mm3 The WBC is resulted in significantly decreased compared to the
previous result and elevated levels of leukocytes in the bloodstream
Leukocyte esterase
may indicate an infection. This is because WBCs are part of the
w/ WBC
immune system, and they help fight off disease and infection,
(Roland, 2019.)