Gender and Society 102

Module 3

John Paul D. Manguardia BSED – SCIENCE 1B

ACTIVITY

Activity 1.

A. Think about the following and share:

My Strengths : 1. God
2. LOved Ones
3. Friends
Areas where I can 1. Dancing
improve: 2. Drawing
3. Singing
My Aspirations: 1. Recording artist
2. Flight attendant
3. Nurse
How I see myself? I see myself as a strong person because despite with all the hard times I had
experience I still choose to smile even it breaks me into pieces.

B. Choose one of the dimensions of well-being and gather articles from academic journals or websites
(include the reference) suggesting how to maintain wellness in your chosen dimension.

Intellectual - The intellectual dimension encourages creative, stimulating mental activities. A well person
expands his or her knowledge and skills while discovering the potential for sharing one’s gifts with
others. The mind should be continually exercised just as the body. To become intellectually well, it is
important to explore issues related to problem solving, critical thinking, and adaptation to change.
Intellectual wellness involves spending more time pursuing personal interests and reading books,
magazines, and newspapers, while staying aware of current events and issues. It is the ability to open
one’s mind to new concepts and experiences that can be applied to personal decisions, group
interaction and community enhancement, improve skills, and seek challenges in pursuit of lifelong
learning.

Tips and suggestions for optimal intellectual wellness:

1. Take a course or workshop.

2. Learn or perfect a foreign language.

3. Seek out people who challenge you intellectually.

4. Read.

5. Attend museums, exhibits and theater.

6. Learn to appreciate art.

C. Create an info-graph summarizing your understanding of psychosocial well-being.

Physical  a balanced, healthy diet; in particular: reduce sugar, and other

toxic additives, by eating less processed food.
 regular exercise.
 maintaining a healthy weight.
 getting adequate hydration, sunlight and fresh air (Read the
LAW of good health)
 getting sufficient rest.
 getting a good sleep.

Emotional  Connect with other people. Good relationships are important

for your mental wellbeing.
 Be physically active. Being active is not only great for your
physical health and fitness.
 Learn new skills.
 Give to others.
 Pay attention to the present moment (mindfulness)

Mental  Have a sense of purpose.

 Live and work productively.
 Cope with the normal stresses of day-to-day life.
 Manage when things change.

Material  Financial satisfaction,

 Financial stress,
 feelings of financial security,
 subjective economic well-being,
 satisfaction with standard of living,
 satisfaction with material possessions,
 sense of economic deprivation,
Social  Societal well-being is the ability to participate, feel valued as a
member of, and feel connected to a wider social environment.
For example, your local community, society as a whole, and
the environment in which we live.
Activity 2.

a.

1. Love

- universal symbol of love is the heart-shaped ideograph, and it symbolizes the core of
romantic love, affectionate emotion, and caring.
2. Intimacy

- Intimacy involves feelings of emotional closeness and connectedness with another

person.

3. Relationship
-

- It is a recognized love symbol all across the world and is used in many different
designs, such as the Irish Claddagh, to represent love and loyalty.

B. Identify one of the theories of love which you are most interested with and explain
this theory using a collage.
-Psychologist Robert Sternberg's theory describes types of love based on three
different scales: intimacy, passion, and commitment.
C. Complete the table below by filling in traits of a person which might potentially make you attracted
and traits of a person which might potentially make you commit into a long-term relationship. You may
include either physical features, values, mental or emotional qualities.

A. Traits that might attract you towards someone. B. Traits that might potentially make you commit
into a longterm relationship
 Personality  Caring
 Attitude  Same vibes
 Sense of humor  Loving
 Authentic and real  God-fearing
 Full of Energy  Full of Empathy

Activity 3.

A. Conduct a brief interview among five females and five males of the same age bracket (14-17, middle
adolescent age) regarding the characteristics of the scent they like to do and do not like to do. Write
their response in the table below. Write also your observation from the data you collected.

Code Name Sex Age Desirable Scent Undesirable Scent

1. Ether Female 15 Manly Strong
2. Faye Female 14 Manly Strong
3. Lili Female 15 Sweet Strong
4. Jane Female 17 Manly Strong
5. Leyne Female 14 Sweet Strong
6. Reyn Male 16 Sweet Strong
7. Lei Male 16 Sweet Strong
8. Jake Male 15 Sweet Strong
9. Clyde Male 17 sweet Strong
10. Kyron Male 16 sweet Strong
What does Most of the All of the
your data say? female desire male
desire the respondents
manly scent . desire a
sweet scent.

B. Look for a popular song (at least 3 songs) which tackles any element of human sexuality (e.g. love and
intimacy, sexual behavior, gender identity). Reflect about the essential messages that these songs are
trying to deliver.
Title of the Song: Love Myself

Singer/Artist: Hailee Stanfield

Key Messages: Self-love means accepting yourself as you are in this very moment for everything that you
are. It means accepting your emotions for what they are and putting your physical, emotional and mental
well-being first.

Title of the Song: Regardless

pSinger/Artist: Jarryd James (ft. Julia Stone)

Key Messages: Self Acceptance

Title of the Song: I Kissed A Girl

Singer/Artist: Katy Pery

Key Messages: Self-love and Self Acceptance

Activity 4.

Some of the Paraphilias, when acted on, may lead to criminal offenses. One of the controversial
Paraphilia is pedophilia - engaging in sexual activity with a non-consenting person who is a child. Look
for one article on the news that discusses this particular Paraphilia.

Title of the Article: Pedophilia psychosexual disorder

Summary of the Article: Pedophilia, also spelled paedophilia, also called pedophilic disorder or pedophilia
disorder, in conventional usage, a psychosexual disorder, generally affecting adults, characterized by
sexual interest in prepubescent children or attempts to engage in sexual acts with prepubescent children.
The term was used with that meaning in the psychiatric diagnostic literature prior to the publication of
the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (2013; DSM-5), which
replaced pedophilia with pedophilic disorder. As in earlier editions, the DSM-5 classifies the disorder as
one of several paraphilic disorders, involving atypical sexual interests, practices, or behaviours
(paraphilias). Unlike the earlier editions, however, the DSM-5 explicitly distinguishes between paraphilias
and paraphilic disorders, recognizing for the first time that individuals may exhibit or engage in a range of
atypical sexual interests, desires, practices, or behaviours that do not, in themselves, constitute mental
illnesses. Under this diagnostic scheme, a paraphilia is recognized as a paraphilic disorder only if one or
more of the following criteria are met: (1) the interest or desire produces significant distress or social
impairment in the affected individual, for reasons unrelated to society’s disapproval, and (2) the practice
or behaviour inherently involves harm to others or is directed at unwilling persons or persons who are
unable to give legal consent (e.g., because of their age). In the case of pedophilia, although the interest
itself is no longer considered symptomatic of mental illness—unless it causes distress in the affected
individual—any behavioral expression of the interest (e.g., any attempt at sexual contact with children) is
sufficient to warrant a diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. The DSM-5 further stipulates that the interest or
behaviour in question must be present for at least six months for clinical diagnosis, and the affected
individual must be at least 16 years of age and at least 5 years older than the child (or children) at the
centre of the individual’s sexual fantasies.

Pedophilia may be distinguished from hebephilia (sexual preference for individuals who typically are
between ages 11 and 14) and ephebophilia (sexual preference for late-stage adolescents, typically ages 15
and 16). In many countries an individual who is convicted in a court of law of child sexual abuse (see child
abuse), which involves sexual abuse of a prepubescent or postpubescent individual up to age 18, is known
as a sex offender; some of those individuals are also later clinically diagnosed with pedophilia.

Reflect:

1. Why is engaging in sexual activity with a non-consenting person who is a child unacceptable?

Answer : Because it is considered rape.The law recognizes that children are developmentally not able to make
decisions about some things, including when to engage in sexual behaviors. Receiving "consent" or permission
from a minor does not equate to legal con sent, as they are not fully capable of comprehending what situation
they are in. It is always the adult’s responsibility to set boundaries with children and underage teens.

2. What do you think should parents, teachers, guardians, and other adults do to keep their children
safe from unwanted sexual advances from other people?

Answer : By guiding and teachingWe can arm kids with knowledge that might save them from being
victimized.Teach them how to get out of scary or uncomfortable situations.Tell them that no one should take
pictures of their private parts.Tell your child that body secrets are not okay. There's a lo't you can teach them.
Guide them with all you know to keep safe from wanted sexual advances.

Activity 5.

A. What stereotypes can you think about the following:

a) Filipino Men - People of full Filipino descent typically have tan skin, dark hair and flatter noses. People of
mixed ethnic origin generally have lighter skin and hair, as well as narrow noses — features desired by
many Filipinos today.

b) Filipino Women - Filipina women are passionate about the things that they love. They live life to the
fullest. They love adventure, excitement, and anything that takes them off the beaten path. They are not
fussy when it comes to their personal hygiene habits.
c) Bisaya, Bicolano, Ilocano - Visayans are known in the Philippines for their festivities such as the Ati-Atihan,
Dinagyang, Pintados-Kasadyaan, Sangyaw, Sinulog festivals. Bicolanos are friendly and sweet -
Bikolanos are rated best in friendliness. This sociability is manifested during social celebrations and local
fiestas. Its typical way of socialization is thru drinking. It is because in drinking that discussions and
camaraderie are established with lesser inhibitions and formality. The Ilocano people are also known to
be the first ethnic group in the Philippines to eat the larvae and eggs of abuos (weaver ants). The practice
has since been infused as well with other ethnic groups in northern Luzon.

d) Bakla, Tomboy, Transgender – different types of gender orientation

e) Senior Citizens - Productive, Active Lifestyle.Positive Mindset.Resilience & Adaptability.Healthy Weight &
Overall Nutritious Diet. Ability to Balance Stress. Good Self-Esteem & Stubbornness. Close Bonds &
Social Relationships.

B. Look for TV or newspaper advertisements which you think are promoting stereotypes, prejudice or
discrimination. Print or paste this advertisement in a piece of paper and write down an essay about the
chosen advertisement.

C. Complete the table with the following name tags labeled PWD, LGBT, Senior Citizen, Aeta, and Badjao
from the first row.

Group Negative Stereotypes WHAT COULD BE PEOPLE’S

REASON
1. PWD Weak Because some people think they
can do such thing because they
are disabled.
2. LGBT Weird and Different Because some people think that
theres only two sexuality which
includes the male and female.
3. Senoir Citizen Weak Because they don’t have the
energy to do such works.
4. Aeta Disgusting and Different Being some people are so
 judgemental .
5. Badjao Disgusting and Different Being some people are so
judgemental .

Activity 6.

A. Write an article/essay on what you think and how you feel about the LGBTQ+ and share why you think or feel
that way.

-Schools should be safe places for everyone. But in the Philippines, students who are lesbian, gay, bisexual,
and transgender (LGBT) too often find that their schooling experience is marred by bullying, discrimination, lack of
access to LGBT-related information, and in some cases, physical or sexual assault. These abuses can cause deep
and lasting harm and curtail students’ right to education, protected under Philippine and international law.

-In recent years, lawmakers and school administrators in the Philippines have recognized that bullying of
LGBT youth is a serious problem, and designed interventions to address it. In 2012, the Department of Education
(DepEd), which oversees primary and secondary schools, enacted a Child Protection Policy designed to address
bullying and discrimination in schools, including on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity. The
following year, Congress passed the Anti-Bullying Law of 2013, with implementing rules and regulations that
enumerate sexual orientation and gender identity as prohibited grounds for bullying and harassment. The
adoption of these policies sends a strong signal that bullying and discrimination are unacceptable and should not
be tolerated in educational institutions.

B. Discuss how being a man or being masculine is defined by our society using the variables below.

Variables Male / Masculine

1. Roles Men play a vital role in the family, and being involved in the family helps men,
(Tungkulin) their relationships and their family.
2. Characteristics Men are generally expected to be strong, aggressive, and bold.
(katangian)
3. Attitudes An attitude is defined as an enduring organization of motivational, emotional,
(Saloobin) perceptual, and cognitive processes with respect to some aspect of the
individual's world.
4. Behaviours Male sexual behavior comprises a complex pattern of genital and somatomotor
(Kilos) responses. Hormones act via receptors in brain, spinal, and peripheral sites to bias
sensory inputs and motor outputs to favor sexual responsiveness .
5. Expectations The society expects that every guy must be “strong, courageous, independent,
(Inaasahan) rich, intelligent, violent, insensitive, less expressive, assertive”. The moment a
guy fails to meet any of these parameters, he immediately experiences the
challenges, the flip side of being a man.
6. Values A high value man knows how master his mind moment to moment. He has a
( Kaugalian) positive outlook because he knows he can be, do or have anything he puts his
mind to. He doesn't allow any negativity to occupy his mind. He pivots his
thoughts to the positive outcome he wants it and moves forward .

C. Based on the discussion, complete the matrix below:

 Variables Hegemonic Protest Masculinity Caring Masculinity
Masculinity
Features include strength, Protest masculinity is a Caring masculinities
competitiveness, gendered identity can be defined as
assertiveness, oriented toward a protest alternatives to
confidence, and of the relations of hegemonic, dominant
independence. production and the ideal forms of masculinity.
type of hegemonic They are masculinities
masculinity. To this point, based on care-giving
protest masculinity has and nurturing roles for
been conceived as a men rather than the
destructive, chaotic, and dominating, aggressive
alienating sort of roles normally
masculinity. associated with
hegemonic masculinity
in western societies.
Common Characteristics protest masculinity is The concept of a caring
Traits/Characteristics associated with characterised largely by masculinity proposes
hegemonic masculinity physical aggression and
that men are able to
include strength, destructiveness, and
competitiveness, suggested to reflect an adopt what is viewed
assertiveness, unconscious as traditionally
confidence, and defensiveness in feminine
independence. response to internal characteristics (i.e.,
conflict or insecurity emotional expression,
about an individual's
sensitivity,
masculine identity.
domestication,
interdependence,
caring, etc.) without
departing from or
rejecting masculinity.
Advantages and Hegemonic Protest masculinity is a Caring masculinities can
Disadvantages masculinity thus gendered identity be seen as masculine
symbolizes and enacts oriented toward a protest identities that exclude
power over other of the relations of domination and embrace
masculine identities as production and the ideal the affective, relational,
well as over women. type of hegemonic emotional and
Nonetheless, masculinity. To this point, interdependence
hegemonic masculinity protest masculinity has
qualities of care, a critical
provides a normative been conceived as a
form of men’s
standard to which men destructive, chaotic, and
can aspire and against alienating sort of engagement in gender
which individual men masculinity equality because doing
can assess their own care work requires men
identities. to resist hegemonic
masculinity and to adopt
values and characteristics
of care that are
antithetical to hegemonic
masculinity.
Relevance to the The lack of life options Protest masculinity is a the commitment t care
Family, Community and choices drastically gendered identity work and gender
reduces the degree of oriented toward a protest
and to the Society equality, caring
individual freedom in of the relations of
 deciding the life one production and the ideal masculinities entail a
has reason to value. type of hegemonic mindful refusal of
Hegemonic masculinity. “Disciplined
hegemonic masculinity
masculinity, therefore, protest masculinity” is the
produces far-reaching product of intensive and inherent
effects on society, social control and prerogatives
harming social equality functions to increase (privileges, domination,
and human solidarity among working- power), as well as of
development. class men. the plural
manifestations of
“complicit masculinity”
that it assumes.

EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT

Answer comprehensively:

1. How does you be a female or male influence your family’s and peers’ expectation from you?

 Answer - Parents and friends generally play a role in shaping the behavior and beliefs of an
individual—through parent expectations or peer pressure. Therefore, the people who tend to
become the greatest influencers in our lives tend to be those closest to us—our friends and
family.

2. How do you understand psychosocial? How about psychosocial dimension?

 Answer - Psychosocial theories address patterned changes in ego development, including self-
understanding, identity formation, social relationships, and worldview across the life span.
According to the psychosocial theories, development is a product of the ongoing interactions
between individuals and their social environments.

3. Define awareness. How it is important to oneself?

 Answer - Being self-aware is having a good knowledge and understanding of yourself including
being aware of your own feelings and character. Having this awareness gives you the opportunity
and freedom to change things about yourself, enabling you to create a life that you want.

4. What is about triangular model of love?

 Answer - Robert Sternberg's triangular theory of love proposes that love is composed of three
distinct but interrelated components: intimacy, passion, and decision/commitment.The triangular
theory allows for eight types of love: non-love, liking, infatuation, empty, romantic, companionate,
fatuous, and consummate.

5. How do you express your love to others? Does it the same as to how you want to receive others’ love?

 Answer - Gifts-Some people express and feel love through gift-giving.

Acts. Another way to express love is to do something kind or helpful for

another person.Time. Spending quality time together is also an expression of love.
Touch. Love can be expressed through physical affection.
Words.


6. Explain as to how each sense (visual, olfactory, tactile and auditory) being link to human sexuality.

 Answer - Taste, smell, vision, hearing, touch and… awareness of one's body in space? Yes,
humans have at least six senses, and a new study suggests that the last one, called
proprioception, may have a genetic basis. Proprioception refers to how your brain understands
where your body is in space.

7. Explain, “Behaviors often serve as indicator whether an organism is functional or are having problems”.

 Answer - This means that an individuals character can be seen through his/her behavior. Obviously, when
a person behaves in a prim and formal manner, it means that the person has a high regard of his own.
But, when a person misbehaves or is having improper behavior it can be deduced that the person is
having any problem. Nobody acts differently when all is well and when life is smooth sailing. We began to
misbehave when there is an unwanted stimulus in our environment that activates our senses to do such
improper behaviors.

8. Differentiate stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination. Give examples.

 Answer -
 Prejudice refers to the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group. A prejudice
is not based on experience; instead, it is a prejudgment, originating outside actual experience. A 1970
documentary called Eye of the Storm illustrates the way in which prejudice develops, by showing how
defining one category of people as superior (children with blue eyes) results in prejudice against people
who are not part of the favored category.

 Discrimination
While prejudice refers to biased thinking, discrimination consists of actions against a group of people.
Discrimination can be based on age, religion, health, and other indicators; race-based laws against discrimination
strive to address this set of social problems.

Discrimination based on race or ethnicity can take many forms, from unfair housing practices to biased hiring
systems. Overt discrimination has long been part of U.S. history. In the late nineteenth century, it was not
uncommon for business owners to hang signs that read, “Help Wanted: No Irish Need Apply.” And southern Jim
Crow laws, with their “Whites Only” signs, exemplified overt discrimination that is not tolerated today.

 Stereotype - A stereotype is a thought that someone has about specific types of individuals that may or may
not accurately reflect reality. Stereotypes can also be thought of like caricatures, which are pictures that
exaggerate certain features while oversimplifying others and end up distorting the essence of an individual.
Many stereotypes are widely held but they are also overgeneralized images or ideas about a particular type
of person. Any time we group individuals together and make a generalization or judgment about them
without knowing them, this is an example of a stereotype.
9. Who is a transgender? What do you think would a transgender child feel when he/she discovers that his/her
biological sex is not the gender he/she wants?

 Answer - Sad its because people who around him/her will judge him/her.

10. What would a Filipino parent usually do when their children start to cross-dress?

 Answer - parents understand why kids might cross dress and, Parents are often more likely to be worried
if their son wants to wear dresses than if Cross dressing that most children do.

11. How would a Filipino family become more supportive to their transgender child?

 Answer - it is called UNCONDITIONAL LOVE many Filipino parents usually become more supportive to
their transgender child because it is one of our culture.

12. Name a TV show with a male protagonist as the main actor.

 Answer – Iron Man

13. Identify the characteristics/traits of this male protagonist exemplifying his hegemonic masculinity

 Answer – strong , tough and bold

14. Explain how these traits and circumstances contribute to the effectiveness of his role as a male protagonist

 Answer – He became suitable for the main role.