Quarter 3 Module 3

Solving Problems Involving Mean and Variance Of

Probability Distributions.

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 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS
City of Naga, Cebu Division

GRADE 11 – ADM LEARNING RESOURCE

Quarter 3 Module 3
Solving Problems Involving Mean and Variance of Probability Distributions.

What I Need to Know

This module was crafted with the goal in mind that learners need a simpler and yet more
comprehensive explanation in the conceptual problems in statistics and probability. This module
is focused on helping every student apply the mean or expected value of the discrete random
variable or the average value when the experiment is repeated many times to real-life situations
such as taking a chance in a lottery or raffle, making a bet in games of chance and considering an
insurance policy. This module will help students make wise and informed decisions whether or
not to engage in the games of chances like raffles, lotteries, gambling and experiments that are
equally likely to happen.

In this module, learners will learn to calculate the probability or the chance of winning and
losing. The knowledge and skill on how to use the formula for the mean and variance will be
important as this will be used to solve real-life problems involving the mean and variance of
probability distributions.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. calculate the mean and the variance of a discrete random variable
2. solve real-life problems involving mean and variance of probability distributions
3. interpret the expected value of a discrete random variable.

What I Know
Pretest: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following represents the mean value of a discrete random variable?
A. Median B. Expected Value C. Variance D. Standard Deviation

For numbers 2-3, refer to the table below:

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 X 1 3 5 7
P(x) 0.09 0.25 0.31 0.35
2. What is the mean or the expected value of the given probability distribution?
A. 4.84 B. 4.61 C. 5.52 D. 3.83
3. Which of the following is the standard deviation of the given probability distribution?
A. 3.01 B. 2.19 C. 2.09 D. 4.21
4. The Parent-Teachers Association of Grade 12 is selling 1000 raffle tickets for ₱ 20.00 each to
raise funds for the coming Family Day Celebration. If you buy 3 tickets, what are your expected
winnings given that the major prizes for the winner is ₱ 2,500.00 worth of groceries?
A. ₱9.10 B. ₱10.21 C. ₱12.01 D. ₱7.50
5. In problem #4, what is the probability of buying 3 tickets?
3 3 997
A. B. C. B. D. None of
2500 1000 1000
These
6. The master’s day carwash loses ₱800 during rainy days and gains ₱3500 when it is not
raining. What is the expected value if the probability of raining is 20%?
A. ₱2,640 B. ₱3,120 C. ₱2,910 D. ₱1,500
7. In problem #6, what is the probability of not raining?
A. 0.20 B. 0.55 C. 1 D. 0.80
For numbers 8-9, refer to the following:
Lorena buy one ₱500.00 raffle ticket for a prize of new Honda Civic car valued at ₱675,000.00.
Two thousand tickets are sold.
8. What is the probability that you will win the prize?
1 1 1
A. 1 B. C. D.
500 2000 675000

9. if X denotes the net gain from the purchase of a randomly selected ticket. Which of the
following table of values shows the probability distribution of X?

A. x 675,000 -500 B. x 675,000 500

P(x 1 1999 P(x 1 1999

) 2000 2000 ) 2000 2000

C. x 674, 500 -500 xD. 674,000 500

P(x 1 1999 P(x 1 1999

) 2000 2000 ) 2000 2000

10. What is the mean or the expected value for those who will buy the tickets?
A. -162.50 B. -162.25 C. 162.25 D. 162.50

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11. Mr. Chan is planning to open a business in the newly constructed mall in Cebu. His friend
told him that the business has a 70% probability of gaining ₱500,000 and 30% probability of
losing ₱250,000. What is Mr. Chan’s expected value for his business?
A. ₱300,000 B. ₱275,000 C. ₱350,000 D. None of These
12. A card is drawn at random from a deck of cards consisting of cards numbered 1 through 5. A
player wins ₱100 if the number on the card is even and loses ₱100 if the number on the card is
odd. Which of the following table of values shows the probability distribution of X?
A. X 100 100 XB. 100 -100
P(x) 2 3
P(x) 2 3
5 5
5 5

C. X 100 100 X
D. 100 - 100
P(x) −2 3 P(x) −2 3
5 5 5 5

13. In problem #12, what is the expected value of winning?

A. -30 B. 20 C. -20 D. 25

14. In a state lottery, you pay ₱1 and pick a number from 000 to 999. If your number comes up,
you win
₱600. The probability of winning is 0.001. What is the expected value of your profit?
X 599 - 1
P(X 0.001 ?
)

A. ₱0.40 B. ₱1.21 C. ₱0.82 D. None of these

15. In problem no. 16, what is the P(X = -1)
A. 0.001 B. 0.999 C. 0.887 D. 0.011

Lesson 1 Solving Problems Involving Mean and Variance of Probability

Distributions.
What is In
The analysis of probability distribution is useful because it allows us to calculate various
probabilities associated with the different values that the random variable assumes. In addition,
it helps us calculate summary measures for a random variable. These summary measures
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include the mean μ, the variance σ , and the standard deviation σ .

Expected Value E(X)

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One of the most important probabilistic concepts in statistics is the Expected Value, also
referred as the Population Mean. The Expected Value of the discrete random variable X,
denoted by E(X) or simply μ, is a Weighted Average of the possible value of X. Before we
present its formula, we would like to point out that the expected value of a random variable
should not be confused with its most probable value. In general, the expected value is not even
one of the possible values of the random variable over infinitely many independent repetitions
of an experiment.

Suppose a simple experiment with a fair coin is tossed. If it lands head, you win ₱100; but if it
lands tail, you lose ₱100.

What is the expected value of this game? When we toss the coin many times, the expected gain
is ₱0 which is neither of the two possible values namely, ₱100 or -₱100.
This is negative (-) because the
amount 100 will be taken from you
Tabular Representation
if you lose.

x ₱100 - ₱100
P(X) 1 1
2 2
the probability of landing a head the probability of landing a tail (T)
(H)

Definition: For a discrete random variable X with values x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , ...and corresponding

probabilities P(X = x), the expected value of X is computed as

μ= E(X )=∑ x ∙ P( X=x )

all x

Example 1

In a game of chance, Nicanor is paid ₱50 if he gets all heads or all tails when three coins are
tossed and he pays ₱30 if either 1 or 2 heads show. What is the expected gain?

Solution

Let X = gain of Nicanor. We want E(X)

In this game, X is a discrete random variable with two possible values:

50 if he wins - 30 if he loss

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 Is associated with (HHH, (HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, THH)
TTT) 6 out of 8

2 out of 8
2 6
Probability = Probability =
8 8
Note: H = Head, T = Tail

Then we derive the probability distribution of X as:

X 50 - 30
P(X) 2 6
8 8

Thus,

E( X)=(50) ( 28 )+(−30)( 68 )
100 −180
E( X)= ( )(
8
+
8 )
100 180
E( X)= −
8 8

E( X)=−10

Interpretation

Since this is negative (- 10), we interpret this as a loss. We then say that, in the long run, the
average in gain is – 10. In other words, Nicanor is expected to lose ₱ 10 if he joins this game
over and over again.

Variance and Standard Deviation of a Random Variable

The mean μ of the random variable X provides us with a measure of the central location of the
distribution of X, but it does not give us information on how the various values are dispersed
from μ. We need a measure that indicates whether the values of X are clustered about μ or
widely scattered from μ .

Definition: For a discrete random variable X with values x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , ...and corresponding

probabilities P(X = x), the expected value of X is computed as
μ= E(X )=∑ x ∙ P( X=x )
all x

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Definition: The standard deviation of X is SD ( X )+ σ= √ σ 2.

Example 2

The probability that 0,1,2,3, or 4 people will be

placed on hold when they call a radio talk show
is shown in the distribution. Determine the
variance and standard deviation for the data.
The radio station has four phone lines. When all
lines are full, a busy signal is heard.

x 0 1 2 3 4
P(X = x) 0.17 0.34 0.24 0.20 0.05

Should the radio station consider getting more phone lines installed?
Solution:

The Expected Value, E(X),

E( X)=∑ x ∙ P(X =x)

allx

¿ 0 ( 0.17 ) +1 ( 0.34 )+ 2 ( 0.24 )+ 3(0.2)+4 (0.05)

¿ 1.62
The Variance, Var(X),

Var ( X )=∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( X =x)]−¿¿

¿ [ 02 ( 0.17 ) +12 ( 0.34 ) +22 ( 0.24 ) +32 ( 0.2 ) +4 2 ( 0.05 ) ]−1.622

¿ 1.28
The Standard Deviation, SD(X),

SD ( X )=σ =√ 1.28=1.13

Interpretation:

The answer is no because the mean (or expected value) number of people on hold is 1.62. Since
the standard deviation is 1.13, most callers would be accommodated by having four phone lines
because μ+2 σ would be 1.62 +2(1.13) = 3.88. Very few callers would get a busy signal at least
75% of the caller either get through or be put on hold.

Steps in solving the Var(X) and SD(X):

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Step 1. Compute the mean value/expected value of the random variable X.

Step 2. Find the summation of the product of the Square the random variable X and its
corresponding probability P(X = x).

Step 3. Subtract the square of the expected value of X from the result in Step 2.

Step 4: To get the standard deviation, get the square root of the result in Step 3.

______________________________________________________________________________
Independent Activity 1

NAT Scores (1-2)

1. You are taking an SAT test. If you get the question right, you gain one point, but if you get the
question wrong, you lose ¼ of a point. You have no idea what the correct answer is and
randomly take a guess from the 5 choices given. What is the expected value for the number of
points you get?

2. On the next SAT test question, you confidently eliminate 2 of the choices and randomly guess
from the 3 remaining options. What is the expected value for the number of points you get?

For problem 3-5

Five balls numbered 0,2,4,6 and 8 are placed in a bag. After the balls are mixed, one ball is
picked and its number is noted, then it is replaced in the bag. If this experiment is repeated
many times,

Number on ball, x 0 2 4 6 8
Probability, P(X = x) 1 1 1 1 1
= 0.2
5 5 5 5 5
3. What is the expected value of X.

4. What is the variance of X.

5. What is the standard deviation of X.

Example 3:

Suppose Helen is working in an insurance company

and she sells a ₱100,000 one-year term insurance
policy at an annual premium of ₱29,000. Actuarial
tables show that the probability of death during the
next year for Linda’s customer whose age, sex,
health, etc. is 0.001. What is the expected gain
(amount of money made by the company) for a policy
of this type?

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Solution:

The experiment is to observe whether the customer survives the upcoming year. The
probabilities associated with the two sample points,

Customer Customer Dies

Lives
0.999 0.001

Note: ∑ P( X ≤ x )=1, means the highest probability is 1.

0.999 is obtained by subtracting the probability that the customer dies from 1. That is,

1 – 0.001 = 0.999

The random variable we are interested in is the gain X, which we can assume the values shown
in the following table,

Gain, X Sample Point Probability

₱29,000 Customer Lives 0.999
- ₱71,000 Customer Dies 0.001

Is obtained by subtracting ₱29,000 from the given ₱100,000

So that,
E( X)=(29,000) ( 0.999 ) +(−71,000) ( 0.001 )

E( X)=¿ ₱28, 900

In other words, if the company were to sell a very large number of one-year ₱100,000 policies
to customers possessing characteristics described above, it will net ₱28,900 per sale in the next
year on the average.

Question:

1. Could expected value of X, E(X), be a possible value of X?

Answer:

Example 2 illustrates that the expected value of the random variable is ₱28,900, but x will equal
either ₱29,000 or - ₱71,000 each time the experiment is performed (a policy is sold and a year
elapses). The expected value is a measure of central tendency – in this case represents the average
over a very large number of one-year policies – that is not a possible value of x.

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Independent Activity 2

A marketing manager is also working in an insurance company and he sells a ₱130,000 one-year
term insurance policy at an annual premium of ₱50,000. Actuarial tables show that the
probability of death during the next year for his customer whose age, sex, health, etc. is 0.018.

1. What is the expected gain (amount of money made by the company) for a policy of this type?

2. Is he gaining or losing from this policy? Explain.

What’s New
The Expected Value of a Function of a Random Variable

The expected value of a function of a random variable can be computed as follows: let g(X) be

a function of the discrete random variable X.

Let X be a discrete random variable with probability distribution given by,

x x1 x2 … x3
f (x)=P ( X=x ) f (x 1) f ( x 2) … f (x 3)

The Expected Value of g(X), a function of the discrete random variable X is,

n
E( g (X ))=∑ g(x i) ∙ f (x i)
i=1

The function g(X) could be X 2 , 3 X 4 or any functions. As we will see shortly, this is very useful in
computing the expected value of the special function g( X)=500+1,500 X .

Example 4

A used car dealer finds that in any day, the probability of selling no car is 0.4, one car is 0.2, two
cars is 0.15, three cars is 0.10, four cars is 0.08, five cars is 0.06, and six cars is 0.01. Let X =
number of cars sold and let Y = g(X) = 500 + 1,500X representing the salesman’s daily earning.
Find the salesman’s expected daily earnings.

Solution:

We can present the probability distribution of X as follows:

Tabular Representation:

x 0 car 1 car 2 cars 3 cars 4 cars 5 cars 6 cars

f(x) 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.01

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Graphical Representation:

Now, Y = salesman’s daily earnings can be expressed as a function of X as

Y =g (X )=500+1,500 X .
Thus,
g(0 car)=500+1,500(0)=500
g(1 car )=500+1,500(1)=2,000
g(2 cars)=500+1,500(2)=3,500
…
g(6 cars)=500+1,500 (6)=9,500
To sum up,

x 0 car 1 car 2 cars 3 cars 4 cars 5 cars 6 cars

f(x) 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.01
g(X) 500 2,000 3,500 5,000 6,500 8,000 9,500

Using the equation,

E ( Y )=E ( g ( X ) )

¿(500)(0.4 )+(2,000)(0.2)+(3,500)(0.15)+(5,000)(0.1)+(6,500)(0.08)+(8,000)( 0.06)+(9,500)(0.01)

E(Y )=2,720

Thus, the salesman’s is expected to earn ₱2,720 per day.

Interpretation:
In this case of a linear function of a random variable, as in example 3, there is a possible
simplification oof our calculation of the mean of g(X). The simplified formula of the expected
value of a linear function of a random variable is as follows:

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Alternative Method (B):

The Expected Value of a linear function of a random variable is

E ( aX +b )=aE ( X )+ b
Where a and b are fixed numbers.

Using example 3, we have,

E ( Y )=E ( g ( X ) )=E(500+1,500 X)

¿ 500+1,500 E ( X )
We need to solve for E(X), using the table below

x 0 car 1 car 2 cars 3 cars 4 cars 5 cars 6 cars

f(x 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.01
)

E ( X ) =( 0 ) ( 0.4 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0.2 ) + ( 2 )( 0.15 )+ (3 )( 0.10 )+ ( 4 )( 0.08 )+ ( 5 )( 0.06 )+ (6 )( 0.01 )

E ( X ) =1.48
By substitution,

E( g (X ))=500+1,500(1.48)

E ( g ( X ) ) =2,720

Hence, the expected values is the same as what we have obtained using the formula
n
E( g (X ))=∑ g(x i) ∙ f (x i)which is ₱2,720 per day.
i=1

What’s More
A racing motorcycle dealer finds that in any day, the probability of selling no racing motorcycle
is 0.4, one racing motorcycle is 0.25, two racing motorcycles is 0.07, three racing motorcycles is
0.07, four racing motorcycles is 0.07, five racing motorcycles is 0.06, six racing motorcycles is
0.055 and seven racing motorcycles is 0.025. Let X = number of racing motorcycles sold and let
Y = g(X) = 700 + 3,600X representing the salesman’s daily earning. Find the salesman’s expected
daily earnings using,

1. Method (A). Show the complete solution steps. (5 points)

2. Alternative Method (B). Show the complete solution steps. (5 points)

Rubrics for 1-2

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3. Which method is more practical to use. Why? (5 points)
4. In the game of “Craps”, a pair of dice are rolled. You can bet ₱1 that the sum of the dice will
be 2 (“snake eyes”). The probability of winning is 1/36. If you win, the profit is ₱30. What is the
expected value of your profit?
X 30 - 1
P(X 1 ?
) 36
A. ₱1.22 B. ₱1.01 C. ₱0.14 D. ₱2.27
5. You are considering investing ₱10,000 into a start-up company. You estimate that you have a
0.25 probability of a ₱20,000 loss, a 0.20 probability of a ₱10,000 profit, a 0.15 probability of a
₱50,000 profit, and a 0.40 probability of breaking even (no profit). What is the expected value
of the profit?
X 10,000 50,000 0 - 20,000
P(X 0.20 0.15 0.40 0.25
)
A. ₱5,700 B. ₱5,100 C. ₱3,790 D. ₱4,500

What I Have Learned

1. The Mean for a discrete random variable, denoted by μ, may be computed similarly with
the way a weighted average for frequency distribution is computed, i.e., you take the
summation of all the products of a particular value or outcome x i and its corresponding
probability pi.

2. The variance and standard deviation are measures of variability, which means that they
describe the degree of homogeneity or heterogeneity of a given set of data.

3. Mostly, the mean is not enough to describe a random variable because there are instances
when two probability distributions have the same mean value but are entirely different.

4. The sum of all probabilities is 1, i.e., ∑ P( X ≤ x )=1.

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5. The expected value is a measure of central tendency represents the average over a very
large number of one-year policies. It is not necessary that the expected value is also a
possible value of x.

6. For a discrete random variable X with values x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , ...and corresponding probabilities P(X
= x), the expected value of X is computed as μ= E(X )=∑ x ∙ P( X=x )
all x

7. For a discrete random variable X with values x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , ... , which occur with probabilities P(X
= x), the variance of X is calculated as follows: σ 2=V ( X )=E [ ( x−μ )2 ] ∙ P( X=x ).

8. The standard deviation of Xis SD ( X )=σ =√ σ 2.

9. The Expected Value of g(X), a function of the discrete random variable X is

n
E( g (X ))=∑ g(x i) ∙ f (x i)
i=1

What Can I Do:

Instruction:

You work as a game engineer in an amusement park. The manager of the park tasked you to
design a new game of chance involving roulette, cards, or dice. The manager specifically details
the project to minimize the expected value of the gain so that the amusement park will get as
much profit as possible. You are tasked to present to the manager next week the mechanics of
the game including the computation for the expected value of the gain. Your work will be
approved if it conforms to the following standards:

1. Creativity
2. Originality
3. Accuracy of Computation
4. Clarity of Presentation
5. And Entertainment Appeal of the Game

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Hint: you can create your own user-defined roulette. Just like in the right image.

Assessment (Pre-Test)

Direction: Read and analyze each problem carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer only.

1. An insurance company sells a one-year term life insurance policy to a 75-year-old woman.
The woman pays a premium of ₱750. If she dies within 1 year, the insurance company will pay
₱25,000 to her beneficiary. According to the 2021 Social Security Actuarial Life Table, the
probability that a 75-year-old woman will be alive in 1 year is 0.9746. What is the expected
value of the insurance company’s profit on the policy?
A. ₱121 B. ₱210 C. ₱115 D. ₱119

2. A company makes electronic gadgets. One out of every 50 gadgets are faulty, but the
company doesn't know which ones are faulty until a buyer complains. Suppose the company
makes a ₱3 profit on the sale of any working gadget, but suffers a loss of ₱80 for every faulty
gadget because they have to repair the unit. What is the expected gain?

A. ₱2.55 B. ₱1.34 C. ₱1.87 D. None of These

3. A local club plans to invest ₱10, 000 to host a baseball game. They expect to sell tickets
worth ₱15,000. But if it rains on the day of game, they won't sell any tickets and the club will
lose all the money invested. If the weather forecast for the day of game is 20% possibility of
rain, what is the expected gain?

Outcome ₱5,000 - ₱10,000

Probability 0.80 0.20

A. ₱2,000 B. ₱2,100 C. ₱3,250 D. ₱1,598

4. Which of the following is the expected value from the table

Outcome 400 - 800

Value
Probability 4/7 3/7
A. 114, 250 B. -115,460 C. 150,770 D. -114,286

5. In a board game, players take turns spinning a wheel with 4 spaces and values of ₱100, ₱300,
₱400, ₱800. The probability of landing on ₱100 is 4/9. The probability of landing on ₱300 is 2/9.
The probability of landing on ₱400 is 2/9. The probability of landing on ₱800 is 1/9. What is the
expected value of the wheel once?

A. ₱288.89 B. ₱300.21 C. ₱320.12 D. ₱250.44

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 6. What is the expected value of the spinning wheel below once?

A. ₱2,075 B. ₱1,570 C. ₱2,200 D. None of

These

7. In a basketball, you can earn 3 points for a shot and 1 point for
a free throw. If Sam’s probability of getting a 3-point shot is 4/10 and 8/10 for a free throw,
what is his expected value for the game? Refer to the table below.

X 3 1
P(X) 4 6
10 10

A. 2.2 B. 2.3 C. 1.8 D. 3.1

8. Jennifer is playing a game at an amusement park. There is a 0.1 probability that she will score
10 points, 0.2 probability that she will score 20 points, and a 0.7 probability that she will score
30 points. How many points can Jennifer expect to receive by playing the game?
A. 34 B. 21 C. 18 D. 26
9. What is the expected value of the spinning wheel below once?
A. 3.44 B. 4.5 C. 2.25 D. 2.0

10. In a business venture, a man can make a profit of ₱50,000 or

incur a loss of ₱20,000. The probabilities of making profit or incurring loss, from the past
experience, are known to be 0.75 and 0.25 respectively. What is his expected profit? See the

X 50,000 - 20,000
P 0.75 0.25
A. ₱ 42,600 B. ₱32,500 C. ₱33,560 D. None of These
11. You draw one card from a standard deck of playing cards. If you pick a heart, you will win
₱10. If you pick a face card, which is not a heart, you win ₱8. If you pick any other card, you lose
₱6. What is the expected value of the game?

X 10 8 - 6
P(X) 13 9 30
52 52 52

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A. 0.4231 B. 0.5961 C. 2224 D. 0.3572
12. The world-famous gambler from Cebu, Leopoldo Sentosa, proposes the following game of
chance. You roll a fair die. If you roll a 1, then Leopoldo Sentosa pays you ₱25. If you roll a 2,
Leopoldo Sentosa pays you ₱5. If you roll a 3, you win nothing. If you roll a 4 or a 5, you must
pay Leopoldo Sentosa ₱10, and if you roll a 6, you must pay Leopoldo Sentosa ₱15. What is the
expected value of the game?

X 25 5 0 - 10 - 15
P(X) 1 1 1 2 1
6 6 6 6 6

A. 0.83 B. -0. 10 C. -0.83 D. None of These

13. You pay ₱10 to play the following game of chance. There is a bag containing 12 balls, five
are red, three are green and the rest are yellow. You are to draw one ball from the bag. You will
win ₱14 if you draw a red ball and you will win ₱12 is you draw a yellow ball. How much do you
expect to win or lose if you play this game 100 times?
A. You should expect to lose ₱16.67 after one-hundred games.
B. You should expect to gain ₱16.67 after one-hundred games.
C. You should expect to lose ₱17.21 after one-hundred games.
D. You should expect to lose ₱18.21 after one-hundred games.
14. An automobile agent finds that in any day, the probability of selling no automobile is 0.4,
one car is 0.2, two automobiles are 0.15, three automobiles are 0.10, four cars are 0.08, five
automobiles are 0.06, and six automobiles is 0.01. Let X = number of automobiles sold and let Y
= g(X) = 400 + 2,000X representing the agent’s daily earning. Find the agent’s expected daily
earnings.
A. 3470 B. 3360 C. 4210 D. - 2790
15. The probability distribution of a game is given below

0.4

0.2
0.15
0.1 0.08
0.06
0.01
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

And the expected value of a function of a random variable is E( g ( X ))=200+900(E ( X )). What
is the value of E( g (X ))?
A. 3494 B. 3571 C. 4522 D. None of These

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References:

Reston, Enriqueta D., Argenal, Rene N., Baterna, Margie L., SEEING THE WORLD THROUGH STATISTICS AND
PROBABILITY, First Edition, VERBUM BOOKS; 2017. Pages 9-18.

Canlapan, Raymond B., STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY, First Edition, DIWA LEARNING SYSTEMS INC;2016. Pages 18-
36.

Online Sources:

https://www.nagwa.com/en/worksheets/130127160682

Prepared By: REY MARION G. CABAG

(Writer)

Quality Assurance (QA) Team EDGAR J. GONZAGA

Education Program Supervisor in Math
(Content/Language Evaluator/Reviewer)

MERLY J. OMAMBAC
Education Program Supervisor in LRMDS
(Language Evaluator/Reviewer)

BENIGNO S. GONZAGA
Division Illustrator (Designate)
(Lay-Out Artist/Evaluator)

Recommending Approval GENDA P. DE GRACIA, Ed.D.

Chief Education Supervisor, CID

Approved By: ROSALIE M. PASAOL, Ed.D., CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

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