‫ﺑـﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻـﲑﻱ‬

‫ﻭﺃﺛـﺮﻫـﺎ ﰲ ﻛـﱰ ﺍﻟﻌـﻼ‬

‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺱ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ‪-‬ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬

‫ﻓﱪﺍﻳﺮ ‪2005‬ﻡ‬
 ‫ﺑـﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻـﲑﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺛـﺮﻫـﺎ ﰲ ﻛـﱰ ﺍﻟﻌـﻼ‬

‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺱ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‬

‫ﲝﺚ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻨﻴﻞ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ ) ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ (‬

‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ‪-‬ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬

‫ﻓﱪﺍﻳﺮ ‪2005‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺴ ِﻢ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻠ ِﻪ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺣِﻴ ِﻢ‬
‫ِﺑ ‪‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ‬

‫ﺍﻧﻄﻠـﻖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟـﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﲔ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻮﺻﻔﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﺣﺎﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﺳﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ( ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﲨﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻮﻕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻭﳏﺎﻭﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺛﻞ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‪.‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺫﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﺄﺛﲑﹰﺍ ﻟﻠﱪﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﲑ ‪ ,‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﺄﺛﲑﻫﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻧﻔﺮﺩ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﰲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﳋﻴﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺮﺍﺩ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮﻳﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‬
 Abstract

This study is based on the assumption made by a few Malay scholars that the
works of al-Busay¯ri¯ ( Al- Burdah ) have an influence on Malay poems written in
honour of the prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) especially the Kanz al-‛Ulā by Sayyid
Muhammad which is the earliest well known poem in this field among Malays.
Therefore, the researcher tries to make a comparative study on the nature of the poems,
particularly, by examining the beauty, the ingenuity and the skills of al-Busay¯ri¯ and
Sayyid Muhammad. The researcher also traces the influence of the former on the latter,
and attempts to highlight the similarities and differences between the two literary
personalities. The study is done based on inductive, historical and comparative
methods. The study also adopts the analytical method, and is supported by references
that are directly related to the topic. It concludes that the Burdah has profoundly
influenced Kanz al-‛Ulā in terms of the meanings and thought, but has a lesser impact
on it's language and images, especially in the similes and metaphors. Nevertheless,
they are distinct from each other in terms of poetical structures, imagination, emotions,
literary styles, as well as the rhythm of the poetry because of the differences in the
poetical characteristics of the Malay and Arabic languages. This distinction is also
triggered by the distinct personal qualities of each the two poet.

‫ﺝ‬
 APPROVAL PAGE

I certify that I have supervised and read this study and that in my opinion it conforms
to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and
quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Human Sciences in Arabic Language
(Literary Studies).

__________________________
Usama As-sayyed
Supervisor

I certify that I have read this study and that in my opinion it conforms to acceptable
standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a
thesis for the degree of Master of Human Sciences in Arabic Language (Literary
Studies).

__________________________
Rahmah Binti Ahmad Osman
Examiner

This thesis was submitted to the Department of Arabic Language and Literature and is
accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Human
Sciences in Arabic Language (Literary Studies).

__________________________
Muhammadul Bakir Yaakub
Head, Department of Arabic
Language and Literature

This thesis was submitted to the Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and
Human Sciences and is accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Master of Human Sciences in Arabic Language (Literary Studies).

___________________________
Mohamad @ Md. Som Sujimon
Dean,
Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed
Knowledge and Human Sciences

‫ﺩ‬
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this thesis is the result of my own investigation, except where

otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit

references and bibliography is appended.

Name: Yusnazariah Binti Ab.llah

Signature: ………………………… Date: …………………

‫ﻩ‬
 ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﲝﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ‪ 2004‬ﳏﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﻟـﹻ ﻳﻮﺱ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬

‫ﻻ ﳚﻮﺯ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺃﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭﺑﺄﻱ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ )ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ( ﲟﺎ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺴﺎﺥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ‪‬ﻢ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺒ‪‬ﺲ ﻭﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﻭﻣﻜﺘﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺴﺎﺥ )ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ( ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﺣﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻧﺴﺦ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻃﻠﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺳﺘﺰﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻋﻼﻣﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺴﺎﺥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻨﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﱐ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﱂ ﺗﺴﺘﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻘﻮﻡ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻟﺒﲔ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻛﹼﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ‪ :‬ﻳﻮﺱ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‬

‫…………………………‬ ‫……………………………‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ‬

‫ﻭ‬
 ‫ﺷﻜـﺮ ﻭﺗﻘـﺪﻳﺮ‬

‫ﺃﲪـﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﺷﻜﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻌﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﲢﺼﻰ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺘﻪ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺷﻜﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻟﻸﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺩ‪ .‬ﺃﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻔﻀﻞ ﺑﺎﻻﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲝﺜﻲ ﻭﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻪ‪.‬ﻓﻠﻪ ﺃﲰﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻓﺎﺩﱐ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪.‬ﻓﺄﺳﺄﻝ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﳝﻨﺤﻪ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺃﺳﺠﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺷﻜﺮﻱ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻱ ﻟﻸﺳﺘﺎﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻠﺔ ﺩ‪.‬ﺭﲪﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺟﻬﺪﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺗﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﱄ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺭﺷـﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻏﺎﻟـﻴﺔ ‪.‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﰲ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ـﺎ ﻭﰲ ﻣﻘﺪﻣـﺘﻬﻢ ﺩ‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﺮ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ ‪ ,‬ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻓﺮ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺃﻧﺴـﻰ ﲨـﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﲔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪﻣﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻭﺗﻴﺴﲑ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺗﻘـﺪﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮﺍﳉﺰﻳﻞ ﻟﻸﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻭﺍﻥ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺻﻐﲑ ﺑﻦ ﻭﺍﻥ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ )ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ (ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺪ ﰲ ﻣﺪ‪‬ﻱ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭﻷﻋﻀـﺎﺀ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻒ ﺑﻮﻻﻳﺔ ﺗﺮﳒﺎﻧﻮ ‪.‬ﻭﻻ ﺃﻧﺴﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺷﻜﺮﻱ ﻭﺣﱯ ﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﰐ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﳝﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺧﻮﺍﱐ ﻭﺯﻣﻼﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺃﻋﺎﻧﻮﱐ ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺎ ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺿﺤﻲ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬
‫ﻷﺟﻞ ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺠﺰﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻋﲏ ﺃﲨﻌﲔ ﺧﲑ ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﺳﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﲏ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺣﺴﻦ‬
‫ﻭﳚـﺰﻳﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺮﺿﺎﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﻳﻦ ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪﷲ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺯ‬
 ‫ﻓﻬــﺮﺱ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋــﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻫـ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ‬
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﺮ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬

‫‪15-1‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬

‫‪41-16‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬

‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﻓﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ‬
‫‪19‬‬
‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ‬
‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺬﺓ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫ﺃ‪ /‬ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﻗﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ‬
‫‪26‬‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪/‬ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﰲ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬

‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﺝ‪/‬ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﻱ‬
‫ﺩ‪/‬ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺬﺓ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮ‬
‫‪32‬‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮ‬
‫‪36‬‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮ‬

‫‪68-42‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬

‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ‪ :‬ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﺍﲰﻪ ﻭﻧﺴﺒﻪ‬
‫‪44‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺗﺬﺗﻪ ﻭﺗﻼﻣﻴﺬﻩ‬
‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫‪46‬‬
‫‪46‬‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻪ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻧﻪ‬
‫‪48‬‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫‪49‬‬ ‫ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻪ‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺿﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ‬

‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺃﺛﲑ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬

‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬
‫‪54‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﻭﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫‪56‬‬
‫‪57‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬
‫‪59‬‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬
‫‪61‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ‬

‫ﻁ‬
 ‫‪62‬‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫‪67‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬

‫‪98-69‬‬ ‫ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﺳﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬

‫‪70‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ‪ :‬ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﺟﻬﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫‪70‬‬ ‫ﺍﲰﻪ ﻭﻧﺴﺒﻪ‬
‫‪71‬‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺩﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺔ‬
‫‪71‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻪ‬
‫‪72‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻪ ﻭﺛﻘﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫‪74‬‬ ‫ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫‪75‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫‪75‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ‬
‫‪76‬‬
‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺳﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬
‫‪77‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺃﺛﲑ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬
‫‪77‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻭﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫‪81‬‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬
‫‪84‬‬
‫‪85‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﺔ ﰲ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬
‫‪87‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫‪90‬‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬
‫‪95‬‬
‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ ﰲ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬
‫‪134-99‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﻭﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‬
‫‪100‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫‪100‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬
‫‪110‬‬

‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬
‫‪116‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺎﻋﺮ‬

‫‪120‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻓﻨﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬

‫‪120‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫‪122‬‬
‫‪130‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ‬

‫‪135‬‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﲤـــــﺔ‬
‫‪137‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬
‫‪151-146‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻼﺣــــﻖ‬

‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺧـﻞ‬
 ‫ﺍﻟـﻤﻘـﺪﻣـﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ‪ ,‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪﷲ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ‪ ,‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﻕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﻻ ﳜﺎﻟﻄﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﺀ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺸﻮﺑﻪ ﻏﺮﺽ‪.‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﲏ ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺘﻪ ﻳﻠﺘﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﰲ ﻫﺪﻓﻬﻤﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﰲ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺗﺮﻏﻴﺒﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﳊﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻔﲑﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺫﺍﺋﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪ ,‬ﻟﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ,‬ﻭﳑﺎ ﻻ ﺷﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ﺣﻖ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺛﲎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﰒ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻟﻸﺩﺏ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻬﺘﻢ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺷﱴ ‪,‬ﻭﻳﺸﻴﺪ ﺑﻔﻀﺎﺋﻠﻬﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻳﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺭﺳﺎﻟﺘﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺑﻌﺜﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‪:‬‬
‫ﲦـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻴـﺘﺎﻣﻰ ﻋﺼـﻤﺔ ﻟﻸﺭﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻳﺴﺘـﺴﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻤـﺎﻡ ﺑﻮﺟـﻬﻪ‬
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‫ﻓﻬـﻢ ﻋﻨـﻪ ﰲ ﻧﻌـﻤﺔ ﻭﻓﻮﺍﺿﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻠـﻮﺫ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﳍﻼﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻝ ﻫﺎﺷـﻢ‬

‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ‪ ,‬ﻣﺪﺣﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻫﲑ ‪ ,‬ﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ‪ ,‬ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﺣﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ‪.‬ﻭﳝﺜﻞ ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻫﻢ ﰲ ﻣﺪﺣﻪ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺋﺪ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﻧﺸﺪﻫﺎ ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺯﻫﲑ ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﻳﻌﻮﺫ ﺑﻪ ‪ ,‬ﻓﺄﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ (‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ‪-:‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻌﺪ ‪ ,‬ﳏﻤﺪ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ ‪ ,‬ﻟﻴﺪﻥ ‪ ,‬ﺑﺮﻳﻞ ‪ ,1322‬ﻋﲏ ﺑﺘﺼﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺀﺭﺩ ‪ ,‬ﺝ )‪ , (1‬ﺹ ‪70‬‬

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‫ﻣﺘـﻴﻢ ﺇﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻔـﺪ ﻣﻜـﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﺖ ﺳـﻌﺎﺩ ﻓﻘـﻠﱯ ﺍﻟـﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﺘـﺒﻮﻝ‬

‫ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺪﺍﺋﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﻌﺎﺩ ﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻫﲑ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ‪-:‬‬
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‫ﻣﺰﺟﺖ ﺩﻣﻌـﺎ ﺟﺮﻯ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻘـﻠﺔ ﺑـﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻦ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺟـﲑﺍﻥ ﺑﺬﻱ ﺳﻠـﻢ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻧﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﻭﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺃﳕﻮﺫﺟﺎ ﳛﺘﺬﻱ ﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺛﺮﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺑﺎﺀ ﻗﺪﳝﺎ ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﺷﻜﻼ ﻭﻣﻀﻤﻮﻧﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻓﻠﻘﻴﺖ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﰲ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ‪,‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﲨﺖ ﺇﱃ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪,‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ‪,‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ‪,‬ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺜﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﻋﱪ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﻻ ‪‬ﺘﻢ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺎ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ(‬
‫ﻭﺗﺮﻛﺰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻧﺸﺄﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‪ ,‬ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎﺀ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺋﻬﺎ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﻄﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﳋﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﲔ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺑﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﰲ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺎ ‪,‬ﻭﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺎ ‪,‬ﻭﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺎ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﺩﺑﻴﺎ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻷﺩﰊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪,‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﲣﺬ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﻏﺮﺿﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻝ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ‪.‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﲔ‬
‫ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻝ ﺳﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ)ﺕ ‪1209‬ﻫـ( ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺪ ﺭﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ‬

‫ﺯﻫﲑ ‪ ,‬ﻛﻌﺐ‪ ,‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻫﲑ ‪ ,‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﱪﻱ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ‪1965 ,‬ﻡ ﺹ ‪9‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ‪ ,‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ‪ ,‬ﺷﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ )‪696-608‬ﻫـ( ‪ ,‬ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﻭﻗﺪﻡ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ‬
‫ﺃﲪﺪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺑﺴﺞ ‪,‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ‪1995,‬ﻡ ﺹ ‪165‬‬

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‫ﰲ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﺗﺮﳒﺎﻧﻮ ‪.‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻭﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ ‪ :‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ ‪ :‬ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻗﺪﳝﺎ ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ) ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ﰲ ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﺃﺛﺮ ﻛﺒﲑ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻝ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺸﻬﺮﺓ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﳍﻤﺰﻳﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﺗﻌﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﺗﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺩﺕ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎ ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺸﻄﲑﻫﺎ‪ ,‬ﻭﲣﻤﻴﺴﻬﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺗﻀﻤﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﱪ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ‪0‬ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ )ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ( ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﲔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺗﲔ ‪":‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ" "ﻭﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ "ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺣﺪﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪" :‬ﺑﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻛﱰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼ‪.‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺑﻮﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﺃﳕﻮﺫﺟﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ‪.‬ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﰲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺗﲔ ‪ ":‬ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ" ﻭ "ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ"‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺿﻮﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻟﻠﻘﺼﻴﺪﺗﲔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪.1‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ؟ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ؟‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺇﱃ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺑﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﰲ ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﺳﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ؟‬

‫‪4‬‬
 ‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﻭﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ؟‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻹﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﲏ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ‪ ,‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺑﻪ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻧﺸﻐﺎﳍﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ‪ ,‬ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ ﺑﺂﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﺮﻗﲔ ﺑﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺃﺩﺏ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺘﺪﻝ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺏ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺭﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻣﺎ‪‬ﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﺤﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‪ ,‬ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﱂ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.4‬ﱂ ﺗﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺇﱃ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﺮﺟﻮﺓ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ ﻭﻣﺆﺭﺧﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺇﳌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﺬﺧﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ‪.‬‬
‫‪.5‬ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻘﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺣﱴ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻹﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺑﺚ ﳏﺒﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﰲ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺩﺍﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪,‬‬
‫ﺑﻮﺻﻔﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺟﺬﺍﺑﺎ ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
 ‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﲔ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﺷﻜﻼ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻀﻤﻮﻧﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺃﺩﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺑﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻭﻓﺮﺿﻴﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺃﺩﺑﻴﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺪﻋﻤﻬﺎ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺪﻳﻬﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ ‪ :‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ ‪ :‬ﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ)‪1209‬ﻫـ( ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺴﻮﻑ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‪‬ﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ )ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ(ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻭﻧﺒﺬﺓ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭﳘﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻳﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ‪‬ﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮﻳﻦ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬
‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﲔ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ﻭﻛﱰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻟﺬﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ‪ -‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﺍﳌﻜﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺗﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ‪ ,‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻝ ﻭﺷﻜﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻡ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻣﺪﺡ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﲝﺜﻪ ﺇﱃ ﻗﺴﻤﲔ ﺗﺴﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﶈﻘﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﰲ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﻭﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ‪,‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻧﺒﺬﺓ ﻗﺼﲑﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻥ ﻭﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺗﻪ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﶈﻘﻖ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻬﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻵﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﳌﺄﺛﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﺍﺟﻢ ﻟﻸﻋﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ‪ ,‬ﰒ ﺍﺧﺘﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -Sajak –Sajak Al-Burdah‬ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ‪ ,‬ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻃﻠﺤﺔ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪.2‬‬

‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﰲ ﻓﺼﻠﲔ ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻟﻒ ‪,‬ﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺒﺬﺓ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺃﺩﺏ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻥ ‪.‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﺍﳌﻜﻲ‪ ,‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻼﻥ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﺬﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ‪ ,‬ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻃﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺃﺭﺳﻼﻥ‪,‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﻮﻝ ‪1999‬ﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪Mansoer, Mohammad.Tolchah, Sajak-Sajak Al-Burdah, Menara ,Jogjakarta.1974.‬‬

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‫ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﻣﻮﻗﻔﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺇﱃ ﺃﺷﻌﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺳﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﰲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ ,‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺒﺔ ‪ ,‬ﰒ ﺇﺟﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ‪.‬ﻭﱂ ﻳﻨﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺷﺎﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺟﻮﺭﻱ ‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪-‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﲞﲑ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‬

‫ﲝﺚ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﺳﻴﻮﻁ ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻛﺎﺩﳝﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﻛﺴﻔﻮﺭﺩ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ) ‪Oxford Academy Of Advanced‬‬

‫‪ (Studies‬ﻟﻨﻴﻞ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻗﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﳏﻤﺪ ﲞﲑ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻛﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ,‬ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻲ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﲔ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻐﻤﺴﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻻ ‪‬ﺘﻢ ‪‬ﺬﻳﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻟﲔ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻓﻌﲏ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺮﺽ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﲔ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ‪.‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻓﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﳏﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺗﺬﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺍﺟﻬﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‪ ,‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﲞﲑ‪ ,‬ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ) ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﻲ ( ‪ ,‬ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﺳﻴﻮﻁ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﻛﺎﺩﳝﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﻛﺴﻔﻮﺭﺩ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ‪1999 ,‬ﻡ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﻴﻨﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻷﺩﰊ ﺑﻮﺻﻔﻪ "ﻟﻐﺔ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻏﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﺇﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻠﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﲨﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ‪ ,‬ﻷﻥ ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻣﺘﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻃﻒ ‪1".‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻫﻲ‪,‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ‪,‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﰲ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻣﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﲔ " ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺩﺭﺳﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﳒﺪ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﺔ ﲤﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ‪ ,‬ﻭﳌﺎ ﲤﻜﻨﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪ ,‬ﺻﻨﻔﻮﻫﺎ‬
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‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻼ ﺇﱃ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ‪".‬‬

‫‪-Unsur-unsur Islam Dalam Syair Melayu Modern .4‬ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‪ ,‬ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ‪ ,‬ﻣﻊ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻭﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻬﺎﺩﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﻵﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ ,‬ﻫﻮ ﻧﺒﺬﺓ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺩﺏ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻭﳕﺎﺫﺟﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‪ ,‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﲞﲑ‪ ,‬ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ) ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﻲ (ﺹ‪)68-67‬ﻧﻘﻼ‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ﻭﻓﻨﻮﻬﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﻓﻨﺎﻬﻧﺎ ‪ ,‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎﻥ‪ ,‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ‪ ,‬ﻁ)‪1989 (1‬ﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺹ ‪.37‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪Abdullah ,Ahmad Kamal ,Unsur –Unsur Islam Dalam Puisi Melayu Modern ,Dewan‬‬
‫‪Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kuala Lumpur,1989 .‬‬

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‫ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﺣﱴ ﻧﺸﺄﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﳕﺎﺫﺟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ ‪ .‬ﰒ ﲢﺪﺙ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﺗﻰ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﻣﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺓ ﺳﺎﻋﺪﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﻫﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺇﳌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ‪ ,‬ﺇﺫ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻧﺼﻴﺔ ﲢﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬ﻓﺄﺗﻰ ﺑﺄﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﺄﺛﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻗﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﳛﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻠﻢ (ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﲔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﳕﺎﺫﺟﻬﺎ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻣﺜﻠﺘﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﳏﻤﺪ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ‪-‬ﺣﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺭﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﻤﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﻤﺪﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﻤﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻫﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻱ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺗﻮﻃﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﻤﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ ‪ ,‬ﰒ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﻮﺭﻭﺙ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﻭﻳﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﻮﺩ ‪ ,‬ﺣﻠﻤﻲ‪ ,‬ﳏﻤﺪ )ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ( ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ‪ ,‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ ‪ ,‬ﻁ)‪1995 (1‬ﻡ‬

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‫ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﶈﻤﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ " ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ " ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻞ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﳕﺎﺫﺝ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻓﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺻﺮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ‪-‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﳐﻴﻤﺮ ﺻﺎﱀ ‪.1‬‬

‫ﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺳﺘﺔ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺣﻴﺚ ﲢﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺻﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺷﺨﺼﻴﺘﻪ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﺍﺋﺤﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ﻭﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺳﺎﻋﺪﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﺗﻪ ‪.‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺻﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺩﻭﺍﻓﻌﻬﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﻫﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﲔ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺩﻭﺍﻓﻌﻬﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﻫﺎ ‪ ,‬ﰒ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻣﺪﺍﺋﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺭﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﰲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻓﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺩﻭﺍﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺑﺮﺩﺗﻪ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -Qasidah In Honor Of The Prophet .7‬ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ‪ ,‬ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﺩ‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬

‫ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺲ‪. 2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺻﺎﱀ ‪ ,‬ﳐﻴﻤﺮ‪ ,‬ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺻﺮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﲑﻱ ‪,‬ﻁ)‪.(1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪Lubis , Muhammad Bukhari , Qasidah's In Honor Of The Prophet , Universiti‬‬
‫‪Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi ,1983.‬‬

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