THE INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURE

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* INTERNET is the biggest internetwork in existence The Public Service
- It was not designed to exist, it was evolved and still evolving until today and do not see any end yet at the moment Telephone Network
(PSTN):
INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP) •
- provide internet access in for end-user • All networks connected
Eg: Telkom Indihome, Myrepublic, Nusanet, Telkomsel, etc together by switching
- connected to regional ISP which in turn connected to the backbone ISP which are handled by Internet Exchange Point (IXP) centers
• Allows any telephone to
ROUTER communicate with another
- act as node where many cables are connected at a point • Internet connection using
- connect the fibre optic cable laid under the sea and accross land PSTN is known as dialup
- each router can be connected to another router • Data is transferred using
existing telephone lines
PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK (PSTN) • When data is being
- refers to all telephone networks in the world transmitted, the computer
- provide telecommunication service for end-user dials the
- provide internet access for end-user network to set up a
connection
Dedicated Line: Cell phone network:
• A telecommunications path between two points • Wireless network spread
• Not shared in common among multiple users over land areas called cells
• Allows you to maintain a continuous, uninterrupted presence on the Web • Each cell is served by at
• Able to host websites as well browse least one fixed-location
transceiver known as a base
stations
CELL PHONE NETWORK • Each cell uses a different
- provide telecommunication service for end-user wirelessly set of
- provide internet access for end-user wirelessly frequencies to avoid
interference
• When joined together,
cells
provide radio coverage over
a wide
geographic area.
• Portable transceivers (e.g.
mobile
phones) are able to
communicate with each
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APPLICATION USES THE INTERNET
WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
BIT STREAMING

IP ADDRESSING
- an address use as identifier for each computer connected in a network that uses Internet Protocol

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IPv4
- the most common form of IP address currently (2020)
- uses 32 bits of data (4 bytes) for each IP address, which allows 232 unique address to be assigned in a network. (estimated
4,294,967,296)
- two way of expressing IPv4 address: 10000000 00001011 00000011 00011111

Dotted Decimal Notation 128.11. 3. 31

Hexadecimal Notation 0x 800B031F

-IP address is divided into two parts:

Net ID : The part of an IP address that identifies the network

Host ID : The part of an IP address that identifies a host/user in a network

Currently there are 5 classes of IP address depends on the number of networks and hosts available

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 For now, we'll look at the first 3 classes:

Example:
1.      IP address : 84.42.58.11
Binary Notation : 01010100 00101010 00111010 00001011
It is a class A IP address.
The network address /netid is 84.0.0.0
The host addresses /hostid is 0.42.58.11

2.     IP addres s : 144.62.12.9

Binary Notation : 10010000 00111110 00001100 00001001
It is a class B IP address.
The network address /netid is 144.62.0.0
The host addresses /hostid is 0.0.12.9

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CIDR
Sub-netting
Network Address Translation (NAT)
Static and Dynamic IP
IPv6

DOMAIN NAME SERVICE/SYSTEM (DNS)

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