GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF CHILI PEPPERS (CAPSICUM ANNUM) IN

ASPIRIN DISSOLVED IN WATER (ASPIRIN SOLUTION)

A Thesis

Presented to the Faculty of Cainta Catholic College

Cainta, Rizal

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree Bachelor of Secondary Education

Major in Biochemistry

Erika R. Castro

Ma. Cecilia B. Picayo

June 2021
 APPROVAL SHEET

This undergraduate thesis entitled “Growth Performance of Chili

Peppers (Capsicum Annum) in Aspirin Dissolved in Water (Aspirin

Solution)”, prepared and submitted by Erika R. Castro and Ma. Cecilia B.

Picayo, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Bachelor of

Secondary Education Major in Biochemistry is hereby recommended for approval.

___________________ ______________________
Date GLORIA B. DUMALIANG, MAED
Adviser

Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of

Secondary Education major in Biochemistry on Oral Examination Committee.

__________________________ ____________________________
JANE KATHLEEN R. PALMA, LPT, MA SR. HELEN B. ALDEVERA, MAED
Member Member

____________________________
MARICAR C. MANUEL, Ph. D
Chairman

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Bachelor

of Secondary Education major in Biochemistry.

______________________
Date HENRY P. SANTIAGO, PhD
College Dean

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to acknowledge the following persons for their

consideration, support, assistance, and inspirations in preparing this piece of

achievement.

First and foremost to GOD ALMIGHTY, for His guidance and giving the

researchers strength and wisdom;

Dr. Maricar Manuel our research professor, for the intelligent guidance and

encouragement to make this study a great success;

And to our dearest research adviser Mrs. Gloria B. Dumaliang for her time

and compassion in assisting the researchers throughout their study;

The researcher’s family for the overwhelming support financially and

morally; and

To our beloved friends and classmates, thank you for giving us courage and

support to finish this study.

The Researchers

iii
 DEDICATION

We humbly dedicate this study to the Education Students in

making research studies.
The researchers aim to develop a study that serves as a
reference in the continuing implementation of
Environmental Education that can benefit youth, educators,
school, and communities - Hence, the contents of this study
should be able to provide data for future researchers and
studies in the area covered.

We finally dedicate this research to our beloved family, who

entirely give support morally and for treating us like the
most precious treasure in the world in spite all odds, without
their love and support this study would not have been made
possible. To our dearest friends, who are always there
supporting and encouraging us to make this study a great
success.
To our mentor, who becomes our inspiration to open up mind
and heart to the importance of real education.

And lastly, we dedicate this research to the Almighty God,

thank you for the guidance, strength, power of mind,
protection, skills and for giving us a healthy life. All of these,
we offer to you.

Erika and Cecilia

iv
 ABSTRACT

TITLE: GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF CHILI PEPPERS (CAPSICUM

ANNUM) IN ASPIRIN SOLUTION

RESEARCHERS: Erika R. Castro

Ma. Cecilia B. Picayo

ADVISER: Mrs. Gloria B. Dumaliang

COURSE: Bachelor of Secondary Education

Major in Biochemistry Science

TYPE OF DOCUMENT: Undergraduate Thesis

NAME OF INSTITUTION: Cainta Catholic College

(A. Bonifacio Avenue, Cainta, Rizal)

Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, contains salicylic acids as an

active ingredient. Salicylic acid is a plant hormone that promotes plant growth;

development, transpiration, and photosynthesis, the salicylic acid extracted from

willow bark tree. Chili peppers (capsicum annum) are members of the nightshades

family, which includes bell peppers, tomatoes and potatoes.

The study aimed to determine if there is a significant difference between

the Growth performance of chili peppers (Capsicum annuum) in response to

aspirin with water and tap water.

The hypothesis is that there is no significant difference between the growth

performance of chili peppers (Capsicum annuum) in aspirin dissolved in water and

tap water.

v
 The researchers developed observation sheets to collect data that will help

this study to determine the effect of aspirin on growth performances of chili pepper

(capsicum annum). The evidence of the positive effects of the plant watered in

aspirin solution will be based on the data recorded from the day it was sown up to

110 days of observation.

The results showed that after 110 days Chili pepper in terms of plant height,

the Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has a height of 28.5 cm, while

the Chili Pepper plant watered with tap water has a height of 27 cm. In terms of

stem diameter, length of leaves and number of leaves after 110 days, the average

stem diameter of both Chili pepper plants watered with Aspirin solution and plants

watered with tap water is 2.5 cm, while the length of leaves in the Chili pepper

plant watered with Aspirin solution is 10.5 cm and the length of leaves in the plant

watered with tap water is 9 cm. The Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution

has 46 leaves, while a plant watered with tap water only has 39 leaves. The length

of fruits produced by the Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution in 110

days after sowing is 8 cm, whereas the plant watered with tap water did not

produce any fruits. The fruit counting in different treatments in 110 days after

sowing the Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has two fruits, while the

plant watered with tap water has no fruit. This findings indicate that the Chili pepper

plant treated with Aspirin solution greatly contributes to the plant's growth

performance.

In conclusion, based on the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) single factor on

the significant difference on the Height of Chili Plant between aspirin dissolved in

vi
water and tap water, the P-value obtained is 3.68 E-06 which is less than the

Probability value of 0.05. The study reveals that the hypothesis is rejected and

Significant (S). This implies that aspirin dissolve in water is effective in terms of

plant height compared with tap water.

The stem diameter, length and number of leaves of Chili Plant between

aspirin dissolved in water and tap water. Based on the ANOVA single factor result

the P-value obtained is 0.00164 which is less than the Probability value of 0.05.

The results imply that the aspirin solution is more effective on the growth

performance of Chili Pepper plant in terms of stem diameter, length of leaves and

number of leaves compared tap water.

In terms of the length and number of fruits of the Chili Plant between aspirin

dissolved in water and tap water after 110 days of is sowing based on the ANOVA

single factor the P value obtained is 0.542504, which is greater than the Probability

value of 0.05. The findings suggest that there is no significant difference between

aspirin dissolved in water and tap water in terms of the length and number of fruits

produced by Chili pepper.

vii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

APPROVAL SHEET ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

DEDICATION iv

ABSTRACT v

TABLE OF CONTENTS viii

LIST OF TABLES xi

LIST OF FIGURES xiii

Chapter

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction 1

Background of the Study 2

Theoretical Framework 4

Conceptual Framework 5

Statement of the Problem 7

Hypothesis of the Study 7

Scope and Delimitation 8

viii
 Significance of the Study 8

Definition of Terms 9

2 REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Literature and Studies (Thematic Approach) 11

Synthesis of Literature and Studies 13

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design 16

Subject of the Study 16

Research Instrument 18

Data Collection Procedure 18

Data Analysis (Statistical Treatment) 21

4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Comparison on the Average Plant Height of Chili Pepper with

Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water 22

Result of the Analysis of Variance on the Significant

Difference on the Height of Chili Pepper Plant in Aspirin
Dissolved in Water and Tap Water 24

Comparison on the Average Stem Diameter, Average Length

of Leaves, Average Number of Leaves 26

Result of the Analysis of Variance on the Significant Difference

on the Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Stem
Diameter, Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves 28

Comparison on the Length of Fruit and Number of Fruit 30

Result of the Analysis of Variance on the Significant Difference

on the Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of
Length of Fruit and Number of Fruit 32

5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings 34

ix
 Conclusions 36

Recommendation 37

BIBLIOGRAPHY 38

APPENDICES 40

A. Documentation 41

B. Observation Sheet 55

C. Gant Chart 57

CURRICULUM VITAE 58

x
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Comparison on the Average Plant Height of Chili Pepper with

Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water 22

2 The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference

on the Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Height
of Plant between Aspirin dissolved in water and Tap Water 23

3 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference

on the Height of Chili Pepper Plant in Aspirin Dissolved in
Water and Tap Water 24

4 Comparison on the Average Stem Diameter of Chili Pepper

with the Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water 25

5 Comparison on the Average Length of Leaves of Chili Pepper

with the Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water 25

6 Comparison on the Average Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper

with the Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water 26

7 Composite Table on the Average Stem Diameter, Length

of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper with Aspirin
Dissolved in Water and Tap water 27

8 The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference

on the Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Stem
Diameter, Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chile
Pepper between Aspirin dissolved in water and Tap Water 27

9 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the

Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Stem Diameter,
Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper between
Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap Water 28

10 Comparison on the Length of Fruit of Chili Pepper in Terms of

Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water 29

11 Comparison on the Number of Fruit of Chili Pepper in Terms of Aspirin

Dissolved in Water and Tap water 30

xi
12 Comparison on the Length of Fruit and number of Fruit of Chili Pepper
with the Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water 30

13 The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on

the Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Length of
Fruit and Number of Fruits of Chile Pepper between Aspirin
dissolved in water and Tap Water 31

14 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the

Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Length of Fruit and
Number of Fruit of Chile Pepper between Aspirin Dissolved in
Water and Tap Water 32

xii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Conceptual Framework 6

2 Plant Pot Design 17

3 Location of the Map of the Test Crop 20

xiii
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter presents the Introduction, Background of the Study,

Theoretical Framework, Conceptual Framework, Statement of the Problem,

Hypothesis of the Study, Scope and Limitation, Significance of the Study and

Definition of Terms.

Introduction

Plants are important for humans and environment because they provide

food, shelter, medicines and livelihood.

This research will study the effect of Aspirin in the growth performance of a

plant. Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid is a pharmaceutical drug which

belongs to the family of salicylates (salicylic acids –denoted as SA). It is a colorless

crystalline organic acid and used in synthesis. It is also a plant hormone known for

stimulating the growth performance of plants, their development, transpiration, and

photosynthesis.

The plant hormone is a natural compound which affects the plants

physiological processes. Aspirin contains an active ingredient known as salicylic

acid which is taken from willow bark tree. Chili peppers (capsicum annum) is a

member of nightshades family which is related to bell peppers, tomatoes, potatoes

and willow bark that are rich with various vitamins, minerals and antioxidant that

have health benefits.

 2

The relationship between aspirin and chili peppers is that the aspirin enhance the

immune system of plants especially those in the night shades, which is one of

families of chili peppers. Tap water is included in the study because it is usually

used in watering plants. Aspirin dissolved in water triggers the plant defenses

against diseases and have positive effects to boost the growth performance of the

plants.

Background of the study

Plants is one of the essential things in human life, it absorbs carbon dioxide

and release oxygen that is essential for cellular respiration for all aerobic

organisms including humans. Plants also provide many products for human use,

such as firewood, timber, fibers, medicines, pesticides, oils, rubber and many

more. Humans and animals obviously cannot live without plants. In this study will

determine the Growth performance of Chili pepper in response to aspirin dissolve

in water (Aspirin Solution). Plants synthesize a multitude of secondary metabolites

for their primary metabolisms. Plants used the metabolites in a variety of activities

like defense, protection, adaptation to the environment, survival and reproduction.

An important class of plants secondary metabolites is phenolic compound which

composed of salicylic acid (SA), which is an aromatic organic compound that can

be used for medical purpose and plant production. Commercial manufactured a

form of salicylic acid is acetyl salicylic acid or aspirin (Mitchell 2011).

According to Mitchell (2011) Acetylsalicylic acid is hydrolyzes completely to

its agent (SA) which is a phenolic compound of secondary metabolites. Secondary

metabolites are also called specialized metabolites or natural products that

 3

responsible for the protection or defense mechanism against various foreign

invaders. Aspirin or Acetylsalicylic acid is commonly used as medicine for

headache, fever and other ailment. A side from that aspirin can also help improve,

increase and speed up plant production.

Salicylic acid the active component of aspirin triggers plants defense

against diseases. Salicylic acid (SA) well known signaling molecule plays a role in

local and systemic acquired resistance against pathogens as well as in acclimation

to certain abiotic stressors. As a stress related signaling compound, it may directly

or indirectly affect various physiological processes, including photosynthesis (Pal

et al. 2013),

The discovery raises the possibility of protecting plants from fungal bacterial

and viral infections by activating plants natural defenses. It also suggests that

salicylic acid behaves like a hormone, and may trigger other processes inside

plants. Plants are considered good source of protein, vitamins and minerals.

Vegetables and fruits contain plant chemicals. These biological substances can

help protect humans from some diseases. Scientific research shows that if you

regularly eat lots of fruits and vegetables you will have a lower risk of having

diabetes, stroke, heart (cardio vascular) disease, cancer and high blood pressure

(hypertension).

On the other hand, Chili peppers (Capsicum annuum) are the fruits

of Capsicum pepper plants, notable for their hot flavor. They are members of the

nightshade family, related to bell peppers and tomatoes. Many varieties of chili

peppers exist, such as cayenne and jalapeño. Chili peppers are primarily used as
 4

a spice and can be cooked or dried and powdered, red chili peppers are known as

paprika. Capsicum is the main bioactive plant compound in chili peppers,

responsible for their unique, pungent taste and many of their health benefits. The

purpose of this study is to determine the positive effect of aspirin to the plant growth

and also to know what happens when aspirin is dissolved in tap water and use the

solution to water plants.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

According to Dale Cowan, “The theory of Plant Hormones” states that the

five plant hormones, Auxin, Cytokinins, Gibberellins, Ethylene and Abscisic Acid.

These five can be further group into three main categories, growth hormone, stress

hormone and survival hormones. Growth hormones are Auxin and Cytokinins, the

stress hormones are Ethylene and Gibberellins and the survival hormones is

Abscisic Acid. Abscisic acid (ABA) is plant hormone that involved in many

developmental plants processes. This theory states that the Abscisic acid (ABA)

has a negative regulatory hormone alone but with the combination of positive or

neutral hormones including Salicylic acid (SA) it gives a positive regulation in the

plant growth. That the small phenolic compound salicylic acid that found in aspirin

gives an important regulatory role in multiple physiological processes including

plant immune response.

This theory of Plant hormone explains and gives foundation to this study

wherein, if the Aspirin affects the growth performance of Capsicum annum, the

gene pool of the Capsicum annum affects its traits and this trait will pass to the
 5

next generation. For example, if aspirin affects the length of the fruits of the test

crop, it will surely pass this trait on the coming offspring of Capsicum annum.

In this study, Capsicum annum is planted in the soil then use aspirin

dissolved in water on this plant. This study aims to be the starting change of gene

pool expansion of trait for growth performance of the test crop.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The researchers used the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model that is shown

in figure 1, the table shows how the researchers gathered data that yield to solve

the result. The input consists of the following indicators; Average plant height,

Average stem diameter, Average length of leaves and Average number of leaves.

And the application of aspirin dissolved in water and ordinary water, aspirin

dissolved in water serves as the intervention in the study (Independent variable)

which is expected to have an effect on the dependent variable expressed in the

growth performance of the test crop. On the other side, the process shows how

the researchers formulate the title of the study and research the related literature.

The process being used is through conducting an experiment with the soil

cultivation, planting seeds, and application of aspirin dissolved in water and also

in Tap water. Afterwards, gathering of data, analysis and interpretation of results.

The output will be determined the growth performance of Chili peppers (Capsicum

annuum) and a recommendation on which among the aspirin dissolved in water or

the ordinary water are effective in terms of the growth performance of the test crop.
 6

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

A. Treatment of  Title A. Growth

Chili pepper proposal Performance of
 Research of Chili pepper after
1. Aspirin dissolve
related the treatment
in water;
literature
 Average
2. Tap water  Constructio
plant height
n of
B. Observe the  Average
instrument
growth stem
 Soil
performance in diameter
cultivation
terms of  Average
 Planting
length of
 Average  Application
leaves
plant height; of Aspirin
 Average
 Average dissolved in
number of
stem water and
leaves
diameter; tap water
 Average  Gathering of B. Yield
length of data Components
leaves;  Analysis
 Average and  Average
number of interpretatio length of fruit
leaves. n of data
 Average
C. Yield
number of
components of
fruit per plant
chili pepper in
terms of;

 Average
length of
fruit;
 Average
number of
fruit per FIGURE 1
plant.
Conceptual Model on Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in
Response to Aspirin dissolved in Water and in Tap water
 7

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the Growth Performance of Chili Peppers

(Capsicum annuum) in Aspirin Dissolved in water (Aspirin Solution).

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following problems:

1. What is the Growth performance of chili peppers in terms of :

1.1 Average plant height;

1.2 Average stem diameter;

1.3 Average length of leaves; and

1.4 Average number of leaves?

2. What is the yield components of chili pepper in terms of :

2.1 Average length of fruit ; and

2.2 Average number of fruit per plant?

3. Is there a significant difference between the Growth performance of chili peppers

(Capsicum annuum) in response to aspirin with water?

Hypothesis

There is no significant difference in the growth performance of chili peppers

(Capsicum annuum) if aspirin is present and use in watering the plant than using

tap water.
 8

Scope and Limitation of the study

The study determined the effect of aspirin dissolved in water when applied

in soil and observe the growth performance of the test crop. The subject of this

study is the aspirin or acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), where it is commonly used as a

pain reliever for minor aches and pains and to reduce fever. According to Navarre

(2011) salicylic Acid (SA) is the active component of aspirin that triggers a plant

defenses against diseases. It also helps to improve, increase and speed up plant

production. The researchers shown one seed each pot of Chili peppers (Capsicum

annuum) as the first step of observing the growth performance and yield

component of the test crop. And applied aspirin dissolved in water and tap water

for each plant pot to observe and measure all the needed data for the experiment.

The researchers performed an experiment in two particular places, first in Brgy.

Dolores Taytay, Rizal, where one of the researchers’ lives, and the second that

serves as the back-up placed is in A. Bonifacio avenue Brgy. Sto. Domingo Cainta,

Rizal, where also one of the researchers lives.

Significance of the Study

To the Students

The result of this study will help the students enrich their knowledge about

the effects of dissolved aspirin in the plant growth.

To the Teachers

The findings will be advantageous to teachers specifically Biological

Science or Biochemistry Major for they will have a reference about the effect of

aspirin in the plant growth.

 9

To the Farmers and Community

The study will give better understanding about the effect of aspirin in the

plant growth. Using of this study the farmers will be aware about the use of aspirin

can help accelerate the plant production. It can also help people to become aware

about the usage of aspirin in the plant development.

To the Future Researchers

The future researchers can use this as a spring board for a new research

work involving the aspirin with water and its effect to plants when applied to soil. It

will serve as a framework to yield a better result of the future study and be

beneficial to the entire Rizal Province.

Definition of Terms

In order to have clearer understanding of the study the following terms were

defined

Aromatic organic compound. It is a large class of unsaturated chemical

compounds characterized by one or more planar rings of atoms joined by covalent

bonds.

Aspirin. It is used as a component dissolved in water to water plants.

Chili peppers (Capsicum annuum). It is the fruit seed used as the subject

and test crop the study.

Gene pool. It is a collection of different genes within an interbreeding

population.

Hydrolyze. It is to have or to make something have chemical reaction by

the use of water.

 10

Salicylic acid (SA). It is the active organic compound in aspirin that helps

to speed up plant production.

Secondary metabolites. This is small organic molecules produced by an

organism that are not essential for their growth, development and reproduction.

Plant hormones. There are chemicals produced by plants that regulate

their growth, development and reproductive processes.

Phenolic compound. This can be defined as plant substances, which

possess in common an aromatic ring bearing one or more hydroxyl group.

Photosynthesis. It is the process by which a green plant turns water and

carbon dioxide into food when the plant is exposed to light.

 11

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents reviews of related literature and studies Thematic

and Synthesis Approach

LITERATURE AND STUDIES (THEMATIC APPROACH)

Salicylic acid belongs to a group of phenolic compounds that is known as

an important molecule to modify plant responses to environmental stresses

(Senaratna et al., 2010). Salicylic acid has been shown to affect buds growth,

membrane permeability, mitochondrial respiration, stomatal closure, material

transfer, photosynthesis, growth rate, and ion absorption.

The effect of salicylic acid on the prevention of biological and non-biological

stresses have also been considered (Alvarez, 2010). Studies have shown that

salicylic acid plays an important role in reducing the negative effects of toxic metals,

especially in plant growth stages. This material reduces the negative effects of

some non-aggressive stresses, such as heavy metal stress, in the plant (Metwally

et al., 2011). This material reduces the effects of stresses by affecting enzymes,

such as catalase and peroxidase, and osmotic regulators, such as proline, glycine,

and betaine. Salicylic acid also enhances the antioxidant system of the plant and

reduces the damage caused by the plant (Borsani et al., 2013). It appears that SA

has a regulatory role in activating biochemical pathways associated with tolerance

mechanisms (Sticher et al., 2011; Klessig et al., 2014). Exogenous SA application

has enhanced plant tolerance to many biotic and abiotic

 12

Stresses including fungi, (Delaney et al., 2014), chilling, drought (Senaratna et al.,

2010), heat (He et al., 2015), heavy metals (Pál et al., 2012), It alters key plant

functions including; nutrient uptake, membrane functioning (Glass and Dunlop,

2014), water (Barkosky and Einhellig, 2013), stomatal functioning, inhibition of

ethylene bio synthesis. Srivastava and Dwivedi, 2010 stated that there is

significance difference between the plant watered with Aspirin Solution and plant

watered with tap water in terms of plant growth.

The effect of SA on physiological processes of plants depends on its

concentration, plant type, stage of plant growth and environmental conditions; thus,

it can have beneficial or inhibitory effects on plant physiological processes (Salehi

et al., 2011). Its effect also depends on the application mode (Horváth et al.,

2016).In specific, stress tolerance was induced when SA was applied through soil

drench (Senaratna et al., 2010), SA has been recognized as a regulatory signal

mediating plant response to abiotic stresses such as drought, chilling, heavy metal

tolerance (Metwally et al., 2013), heat, and osmotic stress (Borsani et al., 2011).

However, most of the research on this hormone has focused on its role in

the local and systemic response against microbial pathogens, and on defining the

transduction pathway leading to gene expression induced by SA. Again, there are

several reviews on this subject (Klessig and Malamy, 2014).

According to Reshmi R (2011) the chili pepper, is the fruit of plants from the

genus Capsicum which are members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. Chili

peppers are widely used in many cuisines as a spice to add heat to dishes. The

length of time for chili pepper plants to start bearing peppers varies from pepper to
 13

pepper, though most mature in 60-150 days, which is a big range. Sweeter

peppers typically mature in 60-90 days, with hotter peppers taking longer, up to

150 days. The plants will eventually grow to nearly 3 feet high (Hultquist 2018).

SYNTHESIS OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

People from many different professions, and for many different reasons, are

interested in plant growth and production. Farmers, scientists and even the back

yard gardeners are continuously searching for ways to improve, increase, and

speed up the plant production. Phytohormones or Plant hormones contribute to all

aspect of plant responses towards biotic and abiotic stimuli (Vogt 2010; Kosova et

al. 2012; Majlath et al. 2012). These plant hormones are natural compounds which

affect the plants physiological process, recently discovered that salicylic acid or

acetylsalicylic acid can function as plant hormones.

According to D’ Maris Amick Dempsey and Daniel F. Klessig (2017) that the

efforts to identify SA effectors proteins have revealed that SA binds to and alters

the activity of multiple plant proteins this represents a shift from the paradigm that

hormones mediate their functions via one or a few receptors. Aspirin is used to

reduce fever and relieve the headaches and other ailments, but most of the people

do not know that according to Daniel F. Klessig (2017) The active ingredient in

aspirin was first discovered in plants and in humans; the body converts aspirin into

a substance called salicylic acid (SA).Salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant

hormone that regulates many aspects of plant growth and development, as well as

resistance to biotic stress.

 14

Therefore, the aspirin will possibly supply the nutrients needed by the plants

in order to germinate well produce a high quality growth performance. The

researches want to compare the aspirin that dissolves in water between to ordinary

water into the test crop.

Aspirin are expected to have an effect on the test crop, which is the

capsicum annum or commonly known as chili peppers.

The chili peppers (capsicum annum) are the fruits of capsicum peppers

plants, notable for their hot flavor. They are members of the nightshades family,

related to bell peppers and tomatoes. Many varieties of chili peppers exist, such

as cayenne and jalapeno. Chili peppers are primarily used as a spice and can be

cooked or dried; chili peppers provide some carbs and offer a small amount of

protein and fiber. Chili peppers are rich in various vitamins, minerals and it also

rich in antioxidant plant compounds that have been linked to various health

benefits (A. Arnarson 2019). Chili plants grow into small to medium sized bushes

from knee high to two meters/six feet tall. How big they get depends on the species

and variety. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (2018)

aspirin contains an active ingredient known as salicylic acid which is the chemical

that fights pain and inflammation in humans. It is actually taken from willow bark

which means it is a “natural” drug, this acid enhances the immune system of plants

especially those in the nightshades family.

Chili pepper (capsicum annum) is one of the families of nightshades.

Therefore the aspirin can help to boost the immunity power, which helps them in

combating with pests and microbial attack and prevents the formation of fungus
 15

leading to increased growth rate of plants. According to the United States

Department of Agricultures (2018) there are side effects using aspirin on your

garden incorrectly, if you spray in the evening it may cause the plants to react with

the aspirin and cause burnt spots. You will notice this happening if the plants seem

to have brown or yellow patches and the leaves are wilting.

The best way to prevent this is to use the aspirin solution in the morning so

the leaves will dry out in the sun through the day and the aspirin will disappear.

The best time to spray the plants is very early in the morning, before dawn, as it

avoids the time bees to be around to pollinate the plants. Aspirin can cause harm

to bees if it comes into direct contact with them.

 16

Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the Research Design, Subject of the Study, Research

Instrument, Data Collection Procedure, and Data Analysis (Statistical Treatment).

Research Design

The researchers used quantitative research design to analyze the Growth

performance of chili pepper (Capsicum annum) in Aspirin dissolve in water.

According to Bhandari (2020), quantitative research is the process of

collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find averages, make

predictions, test casual relationships, and generalize results to wider populations.

The experimental method of quantitative research was utilized in this study.

The experiment involved two treatments composed of aspirin that dissolves in

water and tap water (H2o). The treatment in aspirin that dissolve in water is based

on the general recommendation of 500 mg of aspirin per gallon and initially a glass

of water as everyday use to water the test crop. The treatments involved are as

follows:

A= aspirin that dissolved water

B= tap water (H2O)

Subject of the study

The Aspirin or acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), is commonly used as a pain

reliever for minor aches and pains and to reduce fever. It also an anti-inflammatory
 17

Drug and can be used as a blood thinner. Aspirin is commonly used for treating

headaches, period pains, cold and flu, sprains and strains and long term

conditions, such as arthritis. Salicylic Acid (SA) is the active component of aspirin

that triggers a plant defenses against diseases. It also help to improve, increase

and speed up plant production.

Field layout of the Experiment in Randomized Complete plant pot design.

The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete pot design using 2

treatments which includes A= Aspirin dissolve in water; B= tap water, see the

Figure 2 below.

A B

FIGURE 2

Plant pot design

 18

Research Instrument

The researchers used an observation sheet as an instrument to gather data

and to analyze the Growth performance of chili pepper (Capsicum annum) in

Aspirin dissolve in water.

According to Borysowich (2006) an observation sheet is a method of

gathering data that uses a structured form to record data based on sample

observations. An Observation Sheet is used to begin and to analyze a process by

gathering facts to prove a theory or opinion and to begin to detect patterns in a

process.

Data Collection Procedure

This study dealt with the steps and the schedule of activities. The

researchers made used of Gantt chart to record the activities. It included the

planning period of the study and the time duration in making the experiments.

First, the researchers planned for the title of the study. This included

the reading of undergraduate thesis, books and journals, Next activity, involved

surfing the web for some ideas and information. These gave the researchers

additional information in formulating the title. After that the researchers proceeded

to the preparation of chapter 1, 2, 3.

Below, are the preparations for the test crop from germination period,

10 days, and 20 days and up to the last day of gathering the data.
 19

Planting

The seeds were planted into the pot during germination period 1 week

basal application of Aspirin dissolved in water and ordinary water. Thirty seeds

were sowed per pot in a double row method.

Irrigation

The plants were supplied with water as the needs arises, overhead

sprinkler used and applied manually.

Control pest

Pest particularly insects found in the experimental plants were

controlled manually by picking and piercing.

Data Analysis

Observations sheet is a collection of data that help this study to determine

the effects of aspirin to the growth performances of the chili peppers (Capsicum

annum).

The study was carried out in Bgy. Dolores Taytay, Rizal, where one of the

researchers’ lives, and the second that serves as the back-up is placed in A.

Bonifacio avenue Bgy. Sto. Domingo Cainta, Rizal, where the other researcher

reside. The site is located in an elevation of 4ft, above sea level and has a pleasant

tropical climate with an average temperature of 31.78°C.

 20

Figure 4

Map of Brgy. Dolores Taytay, Rizal

 21

Data Analysis (Statistical Treatment)

The data gathered in this study used The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on

the Significant Difference on the Growth Performance of Chili Pepper.

ANOVA was used to compare two means from two independent (unrelated)

groups using the F-distribution. The null hypothesis for the test is that the two

means are equal. Therefore, a significant result means that the two means are

unequal.

Numerically, one-way ANOVA is a generalization of the two sample t test.

The F statistic compares the variability between the groups to the variability within

the groups:

Where F is the variance ratio for the overall test, MST is the mean square

due to treatments/groups (between groups), MSE is the mean square due to error

(within groups, residual mean square), Yij is an observation, Ti is a group total, G

is the grand total of all observations, ni is the number in group i and n is the total

number of observations.
 22

Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data

on the growth performance of Chili Pepper (Capsicum Annum) in Aspirin dissolve

in water (Aspirin Solution).

Table 1 presents the comparison on the average height of Chili Pepper in

terms of aspirin dissolve in water and tap water.

Table 1

Comparison on the Average Plant Height of Chili Pepper with Aspirin

Dissolve in Water and Tap water

Treatment Average Average Average Average Average Average

Height 20 Height 40 Height 60 Height Height Height
Days(cm) Days(cm) Days(cm) 80 Days 100 110
(cm) Days Days
(cm) (cm)
Aspirin 6 13 19 25 28 28.5
solution

Tap water 6.5 11 17 24.5 26.5 27

Table 1 presents the number of days of sowing from 20 to 110 days of

sowing, Chili Pepper plant watered with aspirin solution and tap water. As

observed in the data gathered the Chili Pepper plant watered with aspirin

dissolved in water is significantly taller than tap water. At 110 days, Chili Pepper

plant watered with Aspirin solution has a height of 28.5 cm while in tap water Chili

Pepper has a height of 27 cm. This observation implies that Aspirin solution

contributed in the growth performance of the Chili Pepper plant.

 23

Table 2

The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the

Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Height of Plant
Between Aspirin dissolved in water and Tap Water

Computation Results using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software

ANOVA: Single Factor

SUMMARY

Groups Count Sum Average Variance

Column1 2 12.5 6. 25 0.125
Column 2 2 24 12 2
Column 3 2 36 18 2
Column 4 2 49.5 24.75 0.125
Column 5 2 54.5 27.25 1.125
Column 6 2 55.5 27.75 1.125

Table 2.1

Results of the computation using Statistical Analysis System (SAS)

software ANOVA

Source of SS df MS F P-value F crit

Variation
Between 779.1667 5 155.8333 143.8462 3.68 E- 4.387374
Groups 06
Within 6.5 6 1.083333
Groups
Total 785.6667 11

Table 2.0 presents the results of the computation using Statistical Analysis

System (SAS) software ANOVA: Single Factor showing the summary of groups by

column and table 2.1 the second table shows the obtained F value, P-value and

F-crit that will determine if the hypothesis is a significant or not and if the null

hypothesis is rejected or accepted.

 24

Table 3
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the Height
of Chili Pepper Plant in Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap Water

Treatment F- value P –value F – crit Ho VI

Aspirin 143.8462 3.68 E-06 4.387374 R S
dissolved in
water

Less than or equal to 0.05 Probability Value that is Reject (R) and Significant (S): greater than 0.05 Probability Value that
is Accept (A) and Not Significant (NS)

Table 3 revealed the significant difference on the Height of Chili Plant

between aspirin dissolve in water and tap water. The F value obtained is 143.8462

which is greater than the F –critical tabular value of 4.387374 at 0.05 level of

confidence and the P-value is 3.68 E-06. This means that the P value obtained is

less than Probability value of 0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis is “Rejected”

and Significant (S).

Hence, there is a significant difference between the aspirin dissolved in

water in terms of Height of Chili Pepper plant.

The results in table 3 implies that the aspirin dissolve in water is effective

on the growth performance in terms of height of Chili Pepper plant.

Table 3 supports the study of (Srivastava and Dwivedi, 2010) that there is

a significant difference in the height of chili peppers between aspirin solution and

tap water.
 25

Table 4

Comparison on the Average Stem Diameter of Chili Pepper with the Aspirin
Dissolved in Water and Tap water

Treat- Average Average Average Average Average Average

ment Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem
Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter
(cm) 20 (cm) 40 (cm) 60 (cm) 80 (cm) 100 (cm) 110
days days days days days days
Aspirin 1 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
solution
Tap 0.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
water

Table 4 shows that after 20 to 80 days of sowing, the stem diameter of a

Chili pepper plant watered with aspirin solution is significantly wider than tap water.

Finally, after 110 days, both the Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution

and the tap water-watered chili pepper plant have the same 2.5 cm stem diameter.

This observation implies that the Chili pepper plant treated with Aspirin solution

was able to contribute to the plant's growth performance.

Table 5

Comparison on the Average Length of Leaves of Chili Pepper with the

Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water

Treatment Average Average Average Average Average Average

Length Length Length Length Length Length
of of of of of of
Leaves Leaves Leaves leaves leaves leaves
(cm) 20 (cm) 40 Height (cm) 80 (cm) (cm)
days days (cm) 60 days 100 110
days days Days
Aspirin 3 6.5 8 9 10.5 10.5
solution
Tap water 3 5 7 8 8 9
 26

Table 5 on the previous page shows that after 20 to 80 days of sowing, the

length of the leaves in Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution is

significantly longer than plant watered with tap water. Finally, after 110 days, the

Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has a length of 10.5 cm, while the

plant watered with tap water has a length of 9 cm. This result illustrates that the

Chili pepper plant treated with Aspirin solution was able to contribute to the plant's

growth performance.

Table 6
Comparison on the Average Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper with the
Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water

Treatment Average Average Average Average Average Average

Number Number Number Number Number Number
of of of of of of
Leaves Leaves Leaves Leaves Leaves Leaves
(cm) 20 (cm) 40 (cm) 60 (cm) 80 (cm)100 (cm)110
days days days days days Days
Aspirin 6 13 22 34 44 46
solution

Tap water 3 11 19 28 38 39

Table 6 shows that after 20 to 80 days of sowing, the number of leaves in a

Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution is noticeably greater than the

number of leaves in a plant watered with tap water. Finally, up to 110 days, the

Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has 46 leaves, while the plant

watered with tap water has a 39 leaves. This observation implies that the Chili

pepper plant treated with Aspirin solution was able to contribute in the greater

number of leaves of plant compared with the tap water.

 27

Table 7

Composite Table on the Average Stem Diameter, Length of Leaves and

Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper with Aspirin Dissolved in
Water and Tap water

Treatment Average Stem Average Average Number

Diameter (cm) Length of of Leaves 110
110 days leaves (cm) days
110 days
Aspirin Solution 2.5 10.5 46

Tap water 2.5 9 39

After 110 days of sowing, the average stem diameter of both Chili pepper

plants watered with Aspirin solution and plants watered with Tap water is 2.5 cm,

while the length of leaves in the Chili pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution is

10.5 cm and the length of leaves in the plant watered with Tap water is 9 cm. And

the number of leaves in a Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution is 46,

while the number of leaves in a plant watered with tap water is 39. This finding

indicates that the Chili pepper plant treated with Aspirin solution was capable of

contributing to the plant's growth performance.

 28

Table 8

The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the

Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Stem Diameter,
Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chile Pepper
Between Aspirin dissolved in water and Tap Water

Computation Results using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software

ANOVA: Single Factor

SUMMARY

Groups Count Sum Average Variance

Column1 2 5 2.5 0
Column 2 2 19.5 9.75 1.125
Column 3 2 85 42.5 24.5

Table 8.1

Results of the computation using Statistical Analysis System (SAS)

software ANOVA

Source of SS df MS F-value P-value F crit

Variation
Between 1816.75 2 908.375 106.3463 0.00164 9.552094
Groups
Within 25.625 3 8.541667
Groups
Total 1842.375 5

Table 8.1 presents the results of the computation using Statistical Analysis

System (SAS) software ANOVA: Single Factor showing the summary of groups by

column and table 8.1 the second table shows the obtained F value, P-value and

F-crit that will determine if the hypothesis is a significant or not and if the null

hypothesis is rejected or accepted.

 29

Table 9

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the Growth

Performance of Chili Pepper in Terms of Stem Diameter, Length
Of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper Between
Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap Water

Treatment F-value P –value F – crit Ho VI

Aspirin 106.3463 0.00164 9.552094 R S
dissolved in
water

Less than or equal to 0.05 Probability Value that is Reject (R) and Significant (S): greater than 0.05 Probability Value that
is Accept (A) and Not Significant (NS)

Table 9 shows the F value obtained is 106.3463 which is greater than the F

–critical tabular value of 9.552094 at 0.05 level of confidence and the P-value is

0.00164. This means that the P value obtained is less than Probability value of

0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis is “Rejected” and Significant (S).

Hence, there is a significant difference between the Aspirin dissolved in

water in terms of Stem diameter, Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chile

Pepper plant.

The results imply that the aspirin solution is more effective on the growth

performance of Chili Pepper plant in terms of stem diameter, length of leaves and

number of leaves compared with tap water.

The findings support the study of (Srivastava and Dwivedi, 2010) that there

is a significant difference in the stem diameter, length of leaves and number of

leaves of chili peppers between aspirin solution and tap water.

 30

Table 10

Comparison on the Length of Fruit of Chili Pepper in terms of Aspirin

Dissolved in Water and Tap water

Treatment Length Length Length Length Length Length

of fruit of Fruit of Fruit of Fruit of Fruit of Fruit
20 40 60 (cm) (cm)100 (cm)110
days days days 80 days days
days
Aspirin 0 0 0 3 8 8
solution

Tap water 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 10 shows the length of fruits after 20 to 80 days of sowing, Chili

pepper plant watered with aspirin solution is significantly longer than tap water. Up

to110 days, Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has the length of 8cm,

while the plant watered with tap water does not produce any fruits 110 days after

sowing. This observation implies that the Chili pepper plant treated with Aspirin

solution was able to contribute to the plant's growth performance.

Table 11

Comparison on the Number of Fruit of Chili Pepper in terms of Aspirin

Dissolved in Water and Tap Water

Treatment Number Number Number Number Number Number

of fruit of Fruit of Fruit of Fruit of Fruit of Fruit
20 days 40 days 60 days 80 days 100 110
days days
Aspirin 0 0 0 1 1 2
solution

Tap water 0 0 0 0 0 0
 31

Table 11 on the previous page shows the fruit counting in different

treatments after 20 to 80 days of sowing. The fruit count in the chili pepper plant

watered with aspirin solution is significantly higher than the fruit count in the tap

water. After 110 days, the Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has two

fruits, while the plant watered with tap water has no fruits. This finding shows that

the Chili pepper plant treated with Aspirin solution was able to contribute to the

plant's growth performance.

Table 12

Comparison on the Length of Fruit and number of Fruit of Chili Pepper with
the Aspirin Dissolved in Water and Tap water

Treatment Average Number of Fruit

Length of fruit (110 days)
(110 days)(cm)

Aspirin solution 8 2

Tap water 0 0

Table 12 presents the average length and number of chili pepper fruits 110

days after sowing. The number of fruits produced in aspirin solution 110 days after

sowing is two, with an average length of 8 cm, while it does not produce any fruits

in tap water 110 days after sowing. This finding implies that the Chili pepper plant

treated with Aspirin solution was able to contribute to the plant's growth

performance.
 32

Table 13

The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the

Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Length of Fruit and
Number of Fruits of Chile Pepper between Aspirin dissolved in
Water and Tap Water

Computation Results using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software

ANOVA: Single Factor

SUMMARY

Groups Count Sum Average Variance

Column1 2 8 4 32
Column 2 2 2 1 2

Table 13.1

Results of the computation using Statistical Analysis System (SAS)

software ANOVA

Source of SS df MS F-value P-value F crit

Variation
Between 9 1 9 0.529412 0.542504 18.51282
Groups
Within 34 2 17
Groups
Total 43 3

Table 13.1 presents the results of the computation using Statistical Analysis

System (SAS) software ANOVA: Single Factor showing the summary of groups by

column and table 13.1 the second table of computation shows the F- value, P-

value and F-crit that will determine if the hypothesis is a significant or not and if the

null hypothesis is rejected or accepted.

 33

Table 14

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the Significant Difference on the on the

Growth Performance of Chili Pepper in terms of Length of Fruit and
Number of Fruit of Chile Pepper between Aspirin Dissolved in
Water and Tap Water

Treatment F-value P –value F – crit Ho VI

Aspirin 0.529412 0.542504 18.51282 A NS
dissolved in
water

Less than or equal to 0.05 Probability Value that is Reject (R) and Significant (S): greater than 0.05 Probability Value that
is Accept (A) and Not Significant (NS)

Table 14 revealed that the F- value obtained is 0.529412 which is lower

than the F –critical tabular value of 18. 51282 at 0.05 level of confidence and the

P-value is 0.542504. This means that the P value obtained is greater than

Probability value of 0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis is “Accepted” and Not

Significant (NS).

Hence, there is no significant difference between the aspirin dissolved in

water and tap water in terms of Length of fruit and Number of fruit of Chile Pepper

plant.

The results imply that there is no significant difference between aspirin

dissolve in water and tap water in terms of performance of chili plant in terms of

the number of fruit and the length of fruit.

The findings support the study of (Reshmi R, 2011) that there is no

significant difference in length and number of fruit between Aspirin dissolve in

water and tap water because Reshmi R. (2011) stated that the length of time for
 34

chili pepper plants to start bearing peppers is 60-150 days and that hotter peppers

take longer, up to 150 days to mature.

 35

Chapter 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions, and the

recommendation offered.

Summary of Findings

1. The findings on the height of the Chili pepper plant, stem diameter, length

of leaves and Number of leaves of Chili pepper

After 110 days, Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has a height

of 28.5 cm while in tap water Chili Pepper has a height of 27 cm.

Using the ANOVA single factor on the significant difference on the Height

of Chili Plant between aspirin dissolve in water and tap water. The P-value

obtained is 3.68 E-06 which is less than Probability value of 0.05. Therefore, the

null hypothesis is “Rejected” and Significant (S).

The findings on the Stem Diameter, Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves of

Chili pepper plant

After 110 days of sowing, the stem diameter of both Chili pepper plants

watered with Aspirin solution and plants watered with Tap water is 2.5 cm, while

the length of leaves in the Chili pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution is 10.5

cm and the length of leaves in the plant watered with Tap water is 9 cm. And the

number of leaves in a Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution is 46, while

the number of leaves in a plant watered with tap water is 39.

 36

Using the ANOVA single factor on the significant difference on the Stem diameter,

Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper plant between aspirin

dissolved in water and tap water. The P-value obtained is 0.00164 which is less

than Probability value of 0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis is “Rejected” and

Significant (S).

Chili pepper plants watered with aspirin solution grew larger and taller than chili

pepper plants watered with tap water 110 days after sowing. The use of aspirin

solution in the plant had a significant impact on the chili pepper's growth

performance in terms of average plant height, stem diameter, length of leaves, and

average number of leaves.

Chili pepper plants watered with aspirin solution have a basal diameter of

fruit and produce two fruits after 110 days of sowing, whereas plants watered with

tap water do not produce any fruits. As a result, using aspirin solution as a

treatment will be a good method of chili pepper production.

2. The findings on the length and number fruits of Chili pepper

After 110 days, Chili Pepper plant watered with Aspirin solution has produce

two fruits with the average length of 8 cm while in tap water it does not produce

any fruits.

Using the ANOVA single factor on the significant difference on the Length

and Number fruits of Chili Plant between aspirin dissolved in water and tap water.

The P-value obtained is 0.542504 which is greater than Probability value of 0.05.

Therefore, the null hypothesis is “Accepted” and Significant (S).

 37

Conclusions

Based on the summary of findings the following conclusions were

formulated

1. Using the ANOVA single factor on the significant difference on the Height of

Chili Plant between aspirin dissolved in water and tap water. The P-value obtained

is 3.68 E-06 which is less than Probability value of 0.05. Therefore, the null

hypothesis is “Rejected” and Significant (S).

2. Using the ANOVA single factor on the significant difference on the Stem

diameter, Length of Leaves and Number of Leaves of Chili Pepper plant between

aspirin dissolved in water and tap water. The P-value obtained is 0.00164 which

is less than Probability value of 0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis is “Rejected”

and Significant (S).

3. Using the ANOVA single factor on the significant difference on the Length and

Number fruits of Chili Plant between aspirin dissolved in water and tap water. The

P-value obtained is 0.542504 which is greater than Probability value of 0.05.

Therefore, the null hypothesis is “Accepted” and Significant (S).

The statistical analysis of the data revealed that the hypothesis is rejected

and Significant in terms of height, stem diameter, length and number of leaves in

aspirin solution. Therefore there is significant difference in the growth performance

of the plant watered with aspirin solution and the plant that watered in tap water.

In terms of length and number of fruits, statistical analysis revealed that the

hypothesis is accepted and not significant in terms of length and number of fruits.
 38

The results showed that there is no significant difference in length and number of

fruits between aspirin dissolved in water and tap water of chili plants.

Recommendations

From the conclusions drawn, the following recommendations are hereby

offered:

To Future Researches:

The researchers who will do the same study to use other variables of the
aspirin dissolved in water to enhance the growth performance of Chili pepper plant
including the use of varied concentration of Aspirin in water or increasing the
number of days of sowing.

To Teachers:

To give additional information to students on Aspirin aside from using it as

medicine, it can also be used as fertilizer.

To Farmers:

To use Aspirin dissolved in water as another kind of fertilizer for the growth of
Chili pepper plant as revealed in this experimental research and additional
information below:

1. The Aspirin solution increased the plant growth performance of Chili peppers.
The leaves of Chili pepper are useful in humans because the leaves are added in
cooking of food not only here in the Philippines but also in other countries. The
Chili leaves are useful in treating arthritis, shingles, lower cholesterol level, cleans
the body of toxins.

2. This study can also be applied in plants under nightshade family which includes

potato, tomato, squash and eggplant because of the specific component of aspirin

which is salicylic acid a plant hormone that increases seed germination

 39

percentages and helps the plants protect themselves against fungi, bacteria, and

infections that could damage the plant.

 40

Bibliography

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(Euphorbia pulcherrima). Plant interactions.

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plants. Plant biology.

Amarson, A. (2019). Chili Peppers Nutrition Facts and Health Effects. Healthline.

Ashraf Metwally, I. F. (2013). Salicylic Acid Alleviates the Cadmium Toxicity in

Barley Seedlings. Plant physiology.

Cowan, D. (n.d.). The Theory of Plant hormone . Agri-Food Laboratories

CCA.On.

Dasgupta, R. R. (2011). Indian chili displacing jalapenos in global cuisine. The

Economic times.

Eszter Horvath, G. S. (2013). Induction of Abiotic Stress tolerance by Salicylic

acid . Plant growth regulation.

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Biology.

Klessigs, D. F. (2017). How does the multifaceted plant hormone salicylic acid
combat disease in plants and are similar mechanisms utilized humans?
BMC Biology.

Kosova, M. (2012). The Study of acetysalicylic acid effects on wheet seeds

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Manoj K Srivastava, U. D. (2010). Delayed ripening of banana fruit by salicylic

acid . Plant science.

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Damage Generated by NACl and Osmotic Stress in Arabidopsis
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 41

Tiffanes Senaratna, D. H. (2010). Acelryl Salicyclic acid (Aspirin) and salicylic

acid iclude multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plants. Plant
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site: http://www.statisticshowto.com
 42

APPENDICES
 APPENDICES A

Germination period of the Test Crop

(Asipirin Solution & Water)
Jan 16, 2021 starting the Growth of the plant
(Aspirin Solution & Water)
Day 48 feb.26, 2021 Aspirin was in its flowering stage
Day 59 March 9, 2021- the flower of the plant has already bloom

Day 60 March 10, 2021 Aspirin is in fruiting stage.

Day 70 March 20, 2021 Aspirin Solution is already had a fruit
Tap water Aspirin
Day 105 April 22, 2021- There is an evidence of a second fruiting stage, and

the first fruit has already ripened.

Day 110 April 29, 2021The aspirin solution had already produced a second

fruit.
 APPENDICES B

Aspirin solution measurement in plant height

APPENDICES C

Aspirin solution measurement in Length of leaves

 APPENDICES D

Aspirin solution measurement in Stem diameter

APPENDICES E

Aspirin solution measurement in Length of fruits

 Observation Sheet

Aspirin Dissolved in water (Aspirin Solution)

Growth
perform
ance
and 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 11
yield days day day day day day day day day day 0
compon s s s s s s s s s da
ents of ys
chili
peppers
in term
of the
followin
g:
1. Plant 2cm 6cm 10c 13c 14.5 19c 23.5 25c 27c 28c 28.
height m m cm m cm m m m 5
cm
2. 1cm 3cm 4cm 6.5 8cm 8.5 9cm 9cm 10c 10.5 10.
Length cm cm m cm 5
of cm
leaves
3. Stem 0.1 1cm 2cm 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
diameter cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm
4. 2 6 9 13 17 22 30 34 38 44 46
Number
of
leaves
5. 1cm 7cm 8cm 8cm 3c
Length m
of fruit;
6. 1 1 1 1 2
Number
of fruit
per
plant?
 Tap Water

Growth
performa
nce and
yield 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
compone day day day day day day day day day day day
nts of s s s s s s s s s s s
chili
peppers
in term
of the
following
:
1. Plant 2cm 6.5 8cm 11c 14c 17c 23c 24.5 25.5 26.5 27c
height cm m m m m cm cm cm m
2. Length 1cm 3cm 4cm 5cm 7cm 7cm 8cm 8cm 8cm 8cm 9cm
of leaves
3. Stem 0.1 0.4 2cm 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
diameter cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm
4. 2 3 7 11 14 19 23 28 34 38 39
Number
of leaves
5. Length
of fruit;
6.
Number
of fruit
per plant?
 Gant Chart of Activities

Activities Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Ma

. . . . . . . . y
Formulating of three
titles
Title defense

Gathering related
literatures and
studies
Development of
chapter 1-3
Submission of
chapter 1
Planting of test crop
Submission of
chapter 2-3
Checking of chapter
1-3
Colloquium
Re-planting of the
test crop
Presenting of
documentation and
Observation sheet
Statistical/Application
Checking/Consultatio
n
Accomplishment of
Chapter 4-6
Final Defense
Revision
Submission of the
Revised Thesis
PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Ma. Cecilia B. Picayo

Date of Birth: November 30, 1999

Place of Birth: Pasig, City

Home Address: 037 A. Bonifacio Avenue Brgy. Sto. Domingo Cainta, Rizal
Civil status: Single
Name of Mother: Maxima B. Picayo
Name of Father: Ramon B. Picayo

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary Cainta Catholic College 2018- 2022

A. Bonifacio Ave. Cainta, Rizal

(BSED- Major in Biochemistry)

Secondary
Senior High School ICCT COLLEGES 2016-2018

Cainta, Rizal Campus

Junior High School Francisco P. Felix Memorial National 2012-2016
High School

Brgy. Sto. Domingo, Cainta, Rizal

Primary Marick Elementary School 2006-2012

Marick Subdivision, Cainta, Rizal

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Erika R. Castro

Date of Birth: November 12, 1999

Place of Birth: Quezon, City

Home Address: # 17 Matimtiman St. Brgy Dolores, Taytay Rizal
Civil status: Single
Name of Mother: Evangeline R. Castro
Name of Father: Apolinario A. Castro

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary Cainta Catholic College 2018- 2022

A. Bonifacio Ave. Cainta, Rizal

(BSED- Major in Biochemistry)

Secondary
Senior High School College of Saint John Paul II
Arts and Sciences 2016-2018
Mercedez Building, Ortigas Ave Ext, Santo Domingo,
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Junior High School Christ The King College of Angono 2012-2016

Captain Rufino Street, Sulit Compound, San Isidro,

Angono Rizal

Primary Dolores Elementary School 2006-2012

68 Mahinhin, Taytay, Rizal