Lesson 8:

POLITICAL AND
LEADERSHIP
STRUCTURES
 OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the different types of political
organization
2. Differentiate the types of political
organization
3. AExhibit actions that promote good
leadership by creating a campaign poster.
POLITICAL SCIENCE
It is a social science
discipline concerned with
the study of the state,
nation, government, and
politics and policies of
government.
GOVERNMENT
The group of people who
control and make decisions for
a country or state

A particular system used for

controlling a state
POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
May refer to structure or the way power
is distributed and embedded in society.

any formally organized, named group

that tries to influence the policy decisions
of public officials

HOW IS POWER ORGANIZED

AND DISTRIBUTED
 COMMON TYPES OF
POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
__ __ __ __
R B S N Q J
I E A O D K
B A N D
R B S N Q J
I E A O D K
BAND Family
• It is usually a very small,
oftentimes nomadic group that is
Nomadic ties
Egalitaria connected by family ties and is
n politically independent.

• Is the natural grouping of

• A band is a politically
independent and egalitarian
(equal to all) political
organization
humans consisting typically of a
few extended families united by
strong family ties.
• Our original and smallest
socio-political unit
BAND Family
Nomadic ties
Egalitaria
n
• Each band is independent but
not isolated

• Bands from other regions may

meet for ceremonies, to trade
goods, and even to search for
spouses.
__ __ __ __ __
T B S N E O
I R A E D I
T R I B E
__ __ __ __ __
T B S N E O
I R A E D I
 • It is a combination of smaller
TRIBE kin or non-kin groups, linked
Egalitaria Settle in by a common culture, that
Villages usually act as one.
n
• a collection of bands which are
familiar with each other. It is a
combination of smaller kin or
non-kin groups

• Tribe can have a name and a

definite number of included
The oldest bands
decide
 • Bands unite to form a tribe in
TRIBE response to something
Egalitaria Settle in
Villages • They have been collaborated in
n sharing and storing food, such as
to coordinate an agricultural
surplus or to manage scarce
resources

• Bigger and more complex than

band, the tribe has the potential
to become a more complicated
The oldest form government such as
decide chiefdom
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

H C I D O M
F S C R E L
C __
__ H __
I __
E F__ __
DO M
__ __

H C I D O M
F S C R E L
 CHIEFDOM Densely Practice
Populated Redistribution
• A political unit headed by a chief,
who holds power over more than
one community group

• They are more densely populated

than tribes

• Chiefdom differ in having a

permanent fulltime head with real
Social Ranking
authority to make major decisions
System
Social Ranking System
__ __ __ __ __
T A R T Q A
S C T V L E
 S T A T E
__ __ __ __ __
T A R T Q A
S C T V L E
STATE
• It is a centralized political structure that administers a large
population, with a hierarchy of varying political positions and the
power to impose its resolutions.

• States also have “cities” or urban areas

• A state may be created in response to warfare, trade, or irrigation.

• To maintain the society’s consent and submission to leader, an

ideological basis of power may then be created, such as “mandate from
heaven” or a belief that the leader has a divine status or a descendant
from the god who established the state.
STATE
• A politically organized sovereign community independent of
outside control bound by penalties of nationhood, legally
supreme within its territory, acting through a government
functioning under a regime of law (Riodique, 2007).
AUTHORITY
• Refers to the right to command or the power to give orders and
enforce the rules

• Parental authority , political authority, legal authority, and

constitutional authority.

• Is a value whereby something or something or someone is

acknowledged as acceptable, lawful, right, and proper.

• Political legitimacy refers to the public recognition or popular

acceptance of the authority of a governing power
Three kind of Authority
Traditional Authority this is a kind of authority or power that is
legitimized by accord of respect for a long period of time.

Rational/Legal Authority sometimes called bureaucratic authority. This

kind of authority is a power legitimized by lawfully enacted policies and
rules.

Charismatic Authority it is basically a power legitimized by the special

characteristics of leaders that leads to devotion and blind obedience.