Logging Procedure in Directional Wells

Online free Webinar ( Zoom)

Webinar No. 16
TO : SPE – Basrah University Oil & Gas
From Iraq-Misan
13-10-2021

Chief Engineer
Abbas Radhi Abbas
2021

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Contents

1.Introduction to well logging

2. Introduction to directional drilling
3. Logging procedure in directional drilling
➢ Logging while drilling (LWD)
➢ Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)
➢ Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)
➢ Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

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Open hole and cased hole meaning

casing Hole

cased hole open hole

logging tools logging tools

cement
formation

cased Hole Logging. Open Hole Logging.

3
 Well logging

Open Hole logging Cased Hole logging

Conventional log High tech log Cased Hole logging

1. Lithology logs 1.Cement evaluation log :
➢ SP 1. Nuclear magnetic
resonance log ➢normal CBL , VDL , GR , CCL
➢ GR
(NMR) ➢Image cement evaluation
2. Porosity logs : SBT , URS
➢ Density 2. Modular dynamic RIB
➢ Neutron RBT
formation tester
➢ Sonic USI
(MDT)
CAST
3. Resistivity logs :
➢ in Water base 3. Full bore USIT
mud ( MSFL & Formation Micro SCMT
DLL) Imager(FMI)
➢ In oil base mud 2. production logging tools
use induction ( ( PLT)
DIL & AIT) 4.Sidewall core (SWC)
3. saturation log ( RST , RMT ,
4. Caliper log 5. Vertical seismic PNX , PNN , TDT)
profile (VSP) 4. Casing inspection log
. ( MFC , MIT , ETT , USIT )
5. SNL (SPECTRAL noise log )
. 4
Logging design related to well classification

Well
Classification

Drilling Purpose Well trajectory

1. Exploration well 1. Vertical well
2. Appraisal well 2. Directional well ( many types)
3. Development well
• Producer
• Injector
• Water source

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Logging procedure in vertical wells

Open Hole Logging Cased Hole Logging

SP , GR , Caliper , sonic Cement bond log ( CBL)

SP , GR , Caliper , sonic Cement bond Image log

SP , GR , Caliper , sonic , density Cement bond Image log

, neutron , DLL , MSFL
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Logging procedure in Horizontal wells

45 degree

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Contents

1. Introduction to well logging

2.Introduction to directional drilling

3. Logging procedure in directional drilling
➢ Logging while drilling (LWD)
➢ Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)
➢ Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)
➢ Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

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1.Definition of Directional Drilling

Controlled directional drilling is the

science and art of deviating a
wellbore along a planned course
from a starting location to a target
location, both defined with a given
coordinate system.

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2.Historical Development of Directional Drilling

Directional drilling was initially used as a

remedial operation:

➢ Either to sidetrack around stuck tools,

bring the wellbore back to vertical,

➢ Or in drilling relief wells to kill blowouts.

Interest in controlled directional drilling

began about 1929 after new and rather
accurate means of measuring the hole
angle were introduced during the
development of
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2.Historical Development of Directional Drilling

Historical Development of Directional Drilling : cont…..

In 1930, the first controlled directional well was drilled in

Huntington Beach, California, USA. The well was drilled from an
onshore location into offshore oil sands. Controlled directional
drilling had received rather unfavorable publicity until it was used
in 1934 to kill a wild well near Conroe, Texas, USA. As a result,
directional drilling became established as one way to overcome
wild wells, and it subsequently gained favorable recognition from
both companies and contractors.

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3-Directional Well Applications :

Multiple Exploration Wells

Sidetracking Inaccessible Locations Salt Dome Drilling from A Single Wellbore

Fault Controlling Multilateral Wells Relief Wells Onshore Drilling

Offshore Multi- Short, Medium, Extended Reach Wells Horizontal Wells

well Drilling and Long Radius
wells 12
4.Directional Well Profile

identify the types of

directional well profiles.
1. Straight (Vertical),
2. S-type,
3. Slant (J-type), or
4. Horizontal.

1.Straight (Vertical), 2.S-type, 3.Slant (J-type) 4.Horizontal.

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5.Directional Well Profile

Identify several features of a

directional well profile.
Surface location
1. Surface Location
2. Kickoff Point (KOP)
3. Well Inclination
4. End of Buildup (EOB)
5. Hold Angle
6. Tangent Section
7. Start of Drop
8. End of Drop (EOD)
Target location
9. Target Displacement
10. Target Location

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5.Directional Well Profile

15
Contents

1. Introduction to well logging

2. Introduction to directional drilling
3. Logging procedure in directional drilling

➢Logging while drilling (LWD)

➢ Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)
➢ Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)
➢ Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

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Logging design and procedure

17
Logging design and procedure

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Logging While Drilling (LWD)

Some available measurement in LWD noitamrofnI

,tnemeganaM

technology scimanyDgnillirD

smetsySdiulFgnillirD
,gnireenignEgnillirD
,gniggolduMataD
noisivrepuSetiS-giR

1. Gamma Ray
2. Resistivity
noitamroF
DWMnoitaulavE

3. One porosity log (Density & neutron & sonic)

hgiH

4. Borehole caliper (Ultra sonic azimuthal caliper) stiBecnamrofreP

elbareetS
gnillirD
smetsyS

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The following is a list of available measurement in LWD:
1-Natural gamma ray
2-Spectral gamma ray
3-Azimuthal gamma ray
4-Gamma ray close to drill bit.
5-Density and photoelectric
index
6-Neutron porosity
7-Borehole caliper
8-Ultra sonic azimuthal caliper
9-Density caliper
10-Attenuation and phase shift
resistivities at different
transmitter
11-spacings and frequencies
12-Resistivity at the drill bit
13-Deep directional
resistivities
14-Compressional slowness
15-Shear slowness
16-Density borehole images
17-Resistivity borehole
images
18-Formation tester and
sampler
19-Formation pressure
20-Nuclear magnetic
resonance
21-Seismic while drilling
22-Vertical seismic profile
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LWD-Down hole system

MWD

LWD

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Logging While Drilling (LWD)

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GR & Resistivity distance from bit

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Example : LWD for SLB

LWD procedure :
1. Real time ( GR , Resistivity )
2. Porosity trip log (one porosity
log )/ GR, sonic or neutron)

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 LWD & Geosteering

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Fundamentals of petroleum Engineering Part 2 : Well Logging By: Abbas Radhi Abbas 2020
 Geosteering

26
Fundamentals of petroleum Engineering Part 2 : Well Logging By: Abbas Radhi Abbas 2020
Geosteering

Landing point

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Geosteering

Horizontal section

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Contents

1. Introduction to well logging

2. Introduction to directional drilling
3. Logging procedure in directional drilling
➢ Logging while drilling (LWD)

➢Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)

➢ Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)
➢ Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

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2.Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)

The Pipe Conveyed Logging (PCL) system allows logging wireline tool
strings in wells with conditions not suitable for unassisted wireline
operations, i.e. tortuous well paths, highly deviated, horizontal or
washed-out holes.

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2.Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)

Operation
The logging instruments are
attached to the bottom of the
drillpipe prior to running in hole to a
latching depth. A side-entry sub is
then inserted at the surface with
the wireline already threaded
through it, which is subsequently
run in hole until a mechanical and
electrical connection is established
with the downhole tools via the wet-
connect and tool adapter. The
drillpipe and wireline are then
synchronously moved in and out of
the hole as needed to perform the
intended logging operations.

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2.Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)

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2.Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)

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Contents

1. Introduction to well logging

2. Introduction to directional drilling
3. Logging procedure in directional drilling
➢ Logging while drilling (LWD)
➢ Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)

➢Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)

➢ Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

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3.Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)

The use of downhole tractors allows fast and cost-effective well

interventions to be carried out in high-angle and horizontal wells where
traditional conveyance methods require significantly more rig time, rig
space, crews or highly complex operations

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3.Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)

Operations
Downhole tractors are electrically powered devices that are inserted
between the wireline and the passenger toolstring. Under the control of the
operator, they can be activated to push passenger devices while pulling the
wireline to the desired depth in highly deviated or horizontal wells.

There are two distinctive traction methods

currently used by tractor makers:
Motorized wheels, mounted in extendable arms,
that grip the inner borehole wall Friction pads mounted in arm assemblies
attached to the ends of a reciprocating piston. Alternating the opening and
closing of the arm assemblies in each piston stroking cycle creates an
“inch-worm” type of movement.

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3.Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)

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3.Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)

38
Contents

1. Introduction to well logging

2. Introduction to directional drilling
3. Logging procedure in directional drilling
➢ Logging while drilling (LWD)
➢ Pipe Conveyed Logging ( PCL)
➢ Tractor Conveyed Logging ( TCL)

➢ Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

39
Coiled Tubing Applications

CT : use in vertical , deviated and horizontal wells , many

Application but not limited such as :

1. Drilling
2. Logging
3. Perforating
4. Stimulation ( Acidizing , fracturing)
5. Nitrogen lifting
6. Removal sand from wellbore
7. Wellbore cleanout ( asphalt…etc)
8. Remedial cementing
9. Setting and retrieving bridge plugs
10. Running packer
11. CT an flow line
12. Removal Wax , Scale and hydrate plugs
13. fishing
14. Etc……
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4.Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

Coiled tubing (CT) containing an electrical wireline provides an effective

alternative in well interventions targeting high-angle and horizontal wells
where other conveyance methods are not technically or economically
viable.

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4.Coiled Tubing Conveyed Logging ( CTCL)

Operation
Coiled tubing is used to push the toolstring to the desired
depth in highly deviated or horizontal wells while the
wireline embedded in the CT provides the electrical path
for downhole power and data transmission.

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Reference
Reference

Training course
About Authorized

Name: Abbas Radhi Abbas

Position: Chief Engineer / petroleum Engineer

Nationality: Iraq- Missan

Date of Birth: 1978

Gender: Male

Education Background:

Period Education description

1996-2001 University of Bagdad – college of Engineering – petroleum engineering department- (BSc)

Certificates of Appreciation

19 Certificates of Appreciation from different international companies such as (Schlumberger- waetherford , Halliburton CNOOC ,
COSL , BHDC )

Work Experience : in Missan Oil Company ( MOC)

Period Work description

(2004-2006) reservoir engineer

(2006-2010 ) water injection engineer

during (2011) drilling and workover engineer

(2011 to 2020 ) petrophysics manager in Reservoir department

Language:
Arabic
Mother language:
Second
language/level: English/Fluent oral and written in English.

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Thanks

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