1

LESSON PLAN
(RPP)

Subjects : Chemistry
Class / Semester : XI / Odd
Subject matter : Hydrocarbons
Learning Materials : Structure and nomenclature of alkenes
Time Allocation : 2 x 45 Minutes

A. Learning Objectives
1. Grouping by type of bond hydrocarbon compounds contained in the carbon
chain.
2. Jot down a general formula of alkenes based on analysis of the structural
formula and molecular formula.
3. Specifies the name of alkenes according to IUPAC rules.
4. Explaining the concept of structural isomers (frame, position, function) or
geometrical isomers (cis, trans) and its application to the nature of alkenes.
5. Explain the physical and chemical properties of alkenes.
6. Write down a simple reaction alkenes.
7. Describes the use of alkenes.
8. Presenting the results of the discussion regarding the writing of isomers of
alkenes.
B. Basic Competencies and Competency Achievement Indicators
3.1. Analyzing the structure and properties of hydrocarbon compounds based on an
understanding kekkhasan carbon atoms and classifying compounds.

3.1.1. Grouping by type of bond hydrocarbon compounds contained in the

carbon chain.
3.1.2. Jot down a general formula of alkenes based on analysis of the
structural formula and molecular formula.
3.1.3. Specifies the name of alkenes according to IUPAC rules.
3.1.4. Explaining the concept of structural isomers (frame, position, function)
or geometrical isomers (cis, trans) and its application to the nature of
alkenes.
3.1.5. Explain the physical and chemical properties of alkenes.
3.1.6. Write down a simple reaction alkenes.
3.1.7. Describes the use of alkenes.
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4.1 Finding a variety of hydrocarbon molecular structure of the same molecular

formula and visualizing
4.1.1. Presented the results of discussions on the isomers of alkenes.
C. Learning Materials
1. Classification of hydrocarbons by type of bond.
2. alkenes
a. Alkene homologous series
b. The nomenclature of alkenes
c. isomers of alkenes
d. The nature and usefulness of alkenes

* Material more attached

D. Method of Learning
Learning methods : lectures, discussions, question and answer, and assignment

E. Media Learning
1. Media Learning
2. Learning Tools
3. Learning materials
: Books
: Laptop, LCD, white board and
markers
: Teaching materials, worksheets

F. Learning Resources
1. Sudarmo, Superior. 2013. Chemical for SMA / MA Class XI. Jakarta: Erland
2. Salirawati, Das, Fitria Meilina, Jamil Suprihatiningrum. 2007. Learning
Chemistry is interesting to SMA / MA Class X. Jakarta: Gramedia Widiasarana
Indonesia
3. LKS semester of high school chemistry class XI 1: Kreativ, TIM Composer
MIPA
G. Steps Learning
1. Meetings 1 (2JP)
activity Step Learning Activities Time Allocation
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preliminary a. Communication
1. Educators salute
2. Invites educators and learners sit
quiet for gearing up learning
3. Educators invites students to pray
before starting a lesson
4. Educators say hello and check
attendance of learners

5 minutes

b. Motivation
"Children yesterday we have learned what is it?
There are still remembered by the atom C division
by type of bond? Yesterday we learned of
hydrocarbons with a single chain that we know the
name of the alkane. For alkanes us yesterday
already learned about the nomenclature, physical
and chemical properties, isomers and usefulness.
Well to hydrocarbons with 2 double bond is
usually known as what is it children? Whether for
hydrocarbons with 2 double this alkane all the
same characteristics? For that today we will learn
about good alkene nomenclature, physical and
chemical properties, isomers and its usefulness ".

c. Apresepsi

Teachers provide apersepsi by linking the material

already submitted sebelummnya of writing a chain
of carbon atoms.

Core activities 1. Observe 80 minutes

• Students observe and listen to the teacher about
the material presented alkenes which include
homologous series, nomenclature, isomeri,
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physical and chemical properties, and usability

alkenes.
• Students observe form the alkene structure
displayed on the screen.
Teacher explains the material pengolongan
hydrocarbons by type of bond and alkene include
homologous series, nomenclature, isomeri,
physical and chemical properties, and usability
alkenes.

2. Ask

 Students asked about the explanation of

material that has not been understood or
additional information you want to know.
Teachers give opportunities to other students for
answering questions posed by his friend. If there is
no question that arises teacher can direct
questions from students.

3. collecting Information
• Students analyze from various sources
related to pengolongan hydrocarbons by
type of bond and alkene include
homologous series, nomenclature,
isomeri, physical and chemical
properties, and usability alkenes.
• Megumpulkan students to solve the
information given by the teacher.
(Students read the guidebook)
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4. associate
• Students work with your seatmate to
memorize the alkene homologous series
until the decane.
• Students practice working on questions
given by the teacher related to naming
and isomerization of alkenes.

5. Communicating
• Students write alkenes nomenclature on
the board.
• Students and teachers discuss answers to
questions given by the teacher.
• Students presented the results of his
discussion of naming and isomerization
of alkenes.

Teachers provide an assessment of the activity of

students in the task ..

Cover a. knot 5 minutes

 Students with teacher-led jointly make
conclusions regarding the classification of
hydrocarbons by type of bond and alkene
include homologous series, nomenclature,
isomeri, characteristics and functions of
alkenes.
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b. Evaluation
• Teachers give assignments to the students about
the nomenclature and isomerization of alkenes.
• Students are required to study the matter further
is the alkyne.

c. Reflection
 Request feedback to learners on learning
activities that have been taking place on this
day.

d. Cover
 Educators ended the prayer and learning
activities with regards to closing the learning
activities.

H. Assessment Learning Outcomes

Aspect Procedure instrument Information

Knowledge -Written test -Soal evaluation Attached

-Discussion

Semarang, may 20169

Knowing,
Subject teachers

____________________
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Appendix 1

Learning materials

A. Classification of hydrocarbons by type of bond Group simplest carbon

compound is a hydrocarbon, the carbon compounds composed of carbon
and hydrogen atoms. The simplest hydrocarbon is methane, which consists
of a carbon atom with four hydrogen atoms (CH4). Methane is a molecule
that has a space structure tetrahedron with the carbon atom at its center, and
a hydrogen atom contained in the four corners. Based on the bonds on the
carbon chain, hydrocarbons can be divided into:
a. Saturated hydrocarbons, ie hydrocarbons in a single bonded carbon
chain all. Hydrocarbons are also known as alkanes.
b. Unsaturated hydrocarbons, the hydrocarbon chain are carbon double
bonds or three. Hydrocarbons containing double bonds is called with
alkenes and hydrocarbons containing triple bonds are called alkynes.
B. alkenes

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with double bonds (-C = C-). The
simplest alkenes are ethene, C2H4. The general formula C2H2n alkenes.
The following table presents the alkene homologous series.

a. The nomenclature of alkenes

1) Straight-chain alkenes
Double bonded carbon atoms (- C = C -) given a number that indicates
the double bond. Numbering starts from the end of the chain closest to the
double bond.
2) Branched chain alkenes
1.Rantai longest main chain and containing a double bond.

2.Penomoran main chain starting from the closest to the double bond,
instead of the nearest branch.
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3. The order of writing the name: branch number, branch name, number of
double bonds, alkenes name.

3) alkenes with more than one double bond

If alkenes having more than one double bond, the name given
additional diene (for two double bonds) or triene (to three double bonds).
example:

menpunyai main
chain.

Calculation of C atoms in the main chain starting from the double bond to
the left of the double bond is only one option while the right bond there are
two options, namely straight and the first turn downwards, Both of equally
adding 4 C atoms, but when the first bend down only produce one whereas
if a straight branch raises two branches.
So his name: 3 ethyl 4 methyl 1 pentene
1 pentene can be replaced with a special n-pentene or a double bond at the
number one written so that his name may not be enough: pentenes. Sorted
branch number equal to the number sequence-carbon double bond. On the
matter on top of the right edge. b. isomers of alkenes
The lowest alkenes having isomers, namely butene (C4H8).
Alkenes have two types of isomers as follows.
1) positional isomers
Positional isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula,
but has a different arrangement of atoms. Alkanes have only one type of
positional isomers, but alkenes have two types of changes in the
arrangement of atoms, namely:

1. positional isomers in which the changes experienced by the

double bond position,

2. positional isomers in which the changes experienced by the

branched chain position.

2) geometric isomers
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Make geometric isomers of double bonds as the axis. Terms of

geometric isomers, namely the C atom double bonded atoms must bind two
different groups.
c. The nature of the alkene
General properties of alkenes
• Unsaturated hydrocarbon double bond
• Alkenes also called olefins (oil formers)
• More active physiological properties (as soporific -> 2-methyl-2-
butene)
• Similar character with alkanes, but more reactive
• Traits: colorless gas, can be burned, peculiar smell, explosive in
the air (at a concentration of 3-34%)
• There is the ordinary coal gas in the process of "cracking"
1) physical properties
Alkenes having physical properties similar to alkanes. The difference
is, alkenes slightly soluble in water. This is caused by the presence of the
double bond bond bond S S. will be withdrawn by hydrogen from water,
positively charged portion. Alkenes at room temperature with two, three
and four carbon atoms are gaseous. While alkenes with higher molecular
weight can be a liquid and a solid at room temperature.

2) Chemical Properties
Owned alkene double bond are characteristic of alkene called
functional groups. The reaction occurs in the alkene may occur at the
double bond can also occur outside of the double bond. a) Oxidation
As hydrocarbons in general, combustion / oxidation of alkenes will
also produce CO2 and H2O. b) Addition of H2
The reactions that occur in the so-called double bond addition
reactions are characterized by breaking the double bond (π bond) to form a
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single bond (bond α) with a specific atom or group. c) Addition of halogen

(F2, Br2, I2)
Addition reactions by halogen will break the chain alkene double form
alkanes. Furthermore, the halogen will be a branch / substituents of the
alkane formed d) Addition of an acid halide
Addition of the acid halide will break the bond to alkenes into alkanes
by following the rules Markovnikof. H atoms of the acid halide will be
bound to a carbon atom of unsymmetrical who have the H atoms at most. If
the C atom double bonded has the same number of H, halides will be bound
to the C atom of the longest. CH3 CH = CHCH3 → bond divide equally
many atoms C and H atoms symmetrical CH3CH → → 2CH = CH2 double
bond is not split as many atoms C and H → asymmetrical
d. Usefulness of Alkenes:
• Can be used as an anesthetic (mixed with O2)
• To ripen fruit
• Industrial raw materials plastic, synthetic rubber, and alcohol.
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Appendix 2

KNOWLEDGE TEST SECTION

No Aim grain Problem Scor
. learning e

1. Grouping Explain the meaning of hydrocarbons and are 10

hydrocarbon based divided into several groups based on the type
kind of of hydrocarbon compounds that bond at the
bond contained in chain karbonnnya?
carbon
chain.

2. Jot down a general What the general formula can be obtained 10

formula of alkenes alkenes and how the general formula?
based on analysis
of the structural
formula and
molecular formula.

3. Specifies the name Write the name of the alkane compound in 10

of alkenes in accordance with IUPAC rules Yag has the
accordance with following structural formula:
IUPAC rules
a.

4. Jot down the Write down the chain isomers, position and 30
number of geometry of C4H8!
isomeric alkenes.

5. Explain the Call and describe the properties of physics and 10

chemistry to alkenes
physical and
chemical
properties of
alkenes.
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6. Write down a Write the addition reaction that occurs in the 10

alkene
simple chemical
reaction
alkenes
7. describe His Mention the usefulness of alkenes 10
usefulness from
alkenes

value =

Appendix 3

Answer key

1. Hydrocarbon compounds are carbon compounds composed of carbon and

hydrogen atoms. Based on the bonds on the carbon chain, hydrocarbons can
be divided into:
a. Saturated hydrocarbons, ie hydrocarbons in a single bonded carbon
chain all. Hydrocarbons are also known as alkanes.
b. Unsaturated hydrocarbons, the hydrocarbon chain are carbon double
bonds or three. Hydrocarbons containing double bonds is called with
alkenes and hydrocarbons containing triple bonds are called alkynes.
2. The general formula is CnH2n alkane molecule. The formula obtained by
observing the alkene homologous series is a row of alkene molecular formula
shows that every member of that one to the next member increased by CH2.
So by looking at the difference between the members one to the next member
in the alkene homologous series, it can be written alkene molecule, namely
the general formula CnH2n.
3. a.

3-ethyl-4-methyl-1-pentene
4. Isomers of C4H8
a. isomer chain
CH2 = CH-CH2-CH3 (1-butene) and CH2 = C-CH3 (2-methyl-1-propene)
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CH3
b. positional isomers
CH2 = CH-CH2-CH3 (1-butene) and CH3-CH = CH-CH3 (2-butene)
c. geometric isomers
a. Cis-2-butene b. trans-2-butene
6. Physical and chemical properties of alkenes are
a. physical properties
Alkenes having physical properties similar to alkanes. The difference
is, alkenes slightly soluble in water. This is caused by the presence of the
double bond bond bond S S. will be withdrawn by hydrogen from water,
positively charged portion. Alkenes at room temperature with two, three
and four carbon atoms are gaseous. While alkenes with higher molecular
weight can be a liquid and a solid at room temperature.
b. Chemical properties of alkenes

Owned alkene double bond are characteristic of alkene called

functional groups. The reaction occurs in the alkene may occur at the
double bond can also occur outside of the double bond. a) Oxidation
As hydrocarbons in general, combustion / oxidation of alkenes will
also produce CO2 and H2O. b) Addition of H2
The reactions that occur in the so-called double bond addition
reactions are characterized by breaking the double bond (π bond) to form a
single bond (bond α) with a specific atom or group. c) Addition of halogen
(F2, Br2, I2)
Addition reactions by halogen will break the chain alkene double form
alkanes. Furthermore, the halogen will be a branch / substituents of the
alkane formed d) Addition of an acid halide
Addition of the acid halide will break the bond to alkenes into alkanes
by following the rules Markovnikof. H atoms of the acid halide will be
bound to a carbon atom of unsymmetrical who have the H atoms at most. If
the C atom double bonded has the same number of H, halides will be bound
to the C atom of the longest. CH3 CH = CHCH3 → bond divide equally
many atoms C and H atoms symmetrical CH3CH → → 2CH = CH2 double
bond is not split as many atoms C and H → asymmetrical
7. Uses of Alkenes:
• Can be used as an anesthetic (mixed with O2)
• To ripen fruit
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• Industrial raw materials plastic, synthetic rubber, and alcohol.

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Appendix 4
Observation Sheet Skills
No Rated aspect Score Information
. 1 2 3
1 Curiosity
2 Persistence / tenacity in learning
both groups and individuals in
solving the existing problems.

3 Courage in delivering results to the

class discussion

Rubric

No. Rated aspect Rubric

1 Shows curiosity 3 = showed great curiosity, enthusiastic,
active in both group and individual
activities.
2 = show curiosity, but not overly
enthusiastic, and had been actively
involved in group activities when told
or less enthusiastic in solving the
problem individually.
1 = do not show enthusiasm in the
observations, it is difficult actively
involved in the activities of groups or
individuals despite being encouraged to
get involved.
2 Persistence / tenacity in 3 = assiduously / tenacious in completing the
learning both groups and task with the best result that could be
individuals in solving the done, attempted timely.
existing problems. 2 = seeks to timely complete the task, but has
yet to show his best efforts.
1 = not strive earnestly in completing the
task, and his job is not finished.

3 Courage in delivering 3 = dared to present the results of their

results to the class discussions
discussion accompanied by confidence
2 = dared to present the results of their
discussions but less confident
1 = not courageous submit result
discussion and insecure

Assessment Guidelines :
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