THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF

LIFE

CLASS IX BIOLOGY
AMITY INTERNATIONAL
SCHOOL,PUSHP VIHAR

BIOLOGY CLASS X-ARPITA CHAUHAN

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Cell organelles
 Cell organelles
1) Endoplasmic reticulum
2) Golgi apparatus
3) Lysosomes
4) Mitochondria
5) Plastids
6) Vacuoles
ER(Endoplasmic Reticulum)
 Endoplasmic Reticulum
• ER is a large network of membrane bound tubes and sheets.
• Extends throughout cytoplasm
• Two types - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

• Serves as channels for the transport of materials between various regions of the
cytoplasm or between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.

• Functions as a cytoplasmic framework providing a surface for biochemical activities.

 ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM(RER)

• Arranged into flattened sacs

• Ribosomes on surface give it a rough appearance
• Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis.
• Cells that specialize in secreting proteins
have lots of rough ER
 SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM(SER)
• A series of interconnected tubules .
• No ribosomes on surface.
• Helps in the manufacture of fat
molecules or lipids.

• In liver cells of vertebrates, SER

detoxifies many poisons and drugs.
ER helps in Membrane Biogenesis.
Is this statement true or false?

True False
RER V/S SER
 GOLGI APPARATUS
First discovered by Camillo Golgi.

It consist of a system of membrane- bound vesicles arranged

parallel to each other in stacks called cisterns.

The material synthesised near the ER is packaged and dispatched

to various targets inside and outside the cell through the Golgi
apparatus.
TO BE
Its functions include storage , modification and packaging of WRITTEN IN
products in vesicles.
BIOLOGY
Involved in the formation of the lysosome. REGISTER
LYSOSOMES
 TO BE
WRITTEN IN
LYSOSOMES BIOLOGY
REGISTER

>Waste disposal system of the cell.

Keep the cell clean by digesting any foreign material
as well as worn out cell organelles.
Contain powerful digestive enzymes capable of
breaking down all organic material.
When the cell gets damaged, lysosomes may break
open and the enzymes digest their own cell. Thus
known as suicide bags of a cell.
MITOCHONDRIA STRUCTURE
 TO BE
WRITTEN IN
MITOCHONDRIA BIOLOGY
REGISTER
Home assignment TIME

1. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no Golgi

apparatus?
2. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Why?
3. Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell
membrane get synthesized?
4. How does Amoeba obtain its food ?