Name Class Date

1 Figure 1 shows an astronaut standing in front of a lunar module on the surface of the Moon.

Figure 1
The mass of the lunar module is 15 000 kg.
   

The gravitational field strength of the Earth is 10 N/kg.

 

a Calculate the weight of the lunar module on the Earth.

weight on Earth = ______________ N

(2)
b On the Moon, the lunar module has a weight of 24 800 N.
   

Calculate the Moon’s gravitational field strength.

Give your answer correct to two significant figures.
g = ______________ N/kg
(4)
(Total for Question 1 = 6 marks)
2 The stopping distance of a vehicle is the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance.
a Explain why the driver’s reaction time affects the thinking distance.

(2)
b State two different factors that might cause the driver to have a longer reaction time.
1
2
(2)
c Explain why the state of the road surface might affect the braking distance.

(2)
(Total for Question 2 = 6 marks)
3 Figure 2 shows some of the forces acting on an aircraft.

Figure 2
a Explain how Figure 2 shows that the aircraft’s horizontal velocity is constant.

(2)
b The upwards lift force on the aircraft is 17 500 N.
   

Calculate the aircraft’s vertical acceleration. Assume g = 10 N/kg.

 

Give your answer correct to two significant figures.

acceleration = ______________ m/s2
(4)
(Total for Question 3 = 6 marks)
4 a A car of mass 1200 kg travels at a velocity of 8.4 m/s along a straight road.
   

Calculate the momentum of the car. Give the unit.

momentum = ______________ unit ______________
(4)
b A student throws a hard cricket ball high into the air.
The student intends to catch the ball without it hurting.
Explain why the student should reach up for the ball and bring it to rest with the longest time interval as
possible.

(2)
(Total for Question 4 = 6 marks)

5 Figure 3 shows the orbital motion of the Moon around the Earth.

Earth
Earth

not to scale
Figure 3

a When the Moon is at position X, what is the direction of its velocity?

Tick one box.
  A

 B

 C

 D

(1)

b When the Moon is at position X, what is the direction of the gravitational force acting on it?
Tick one box.

 A

 B

 C

 D

(1)

c The Moon’s orbit around the Earth is a circle.

Explain why there must be a centripetal force acting on the Moon in order to maintain this circular motion.

(3)
(Total for Question 5 = 5 marks)
6 a i Which of the following quantities is a measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object?
Tick one box.
 A acceleration

 B inertial mass

 C gravitational force

 D momentum
(1)
 ii Newton’s second law can be written as:
Ft = mv – mu
Which quantity is represented by mv – mu?
Tick one box.
 A acceleration

 B change in momentum

 C kinetic energy

 D reaction force
(1)
b A student states that:
‘the work done in bringing a moving vehicle to rest is proportional to the square of its velocity’.
Justify the student’s statement.

(3)
(Total for Question 6 = 5 marks)
7 In a road collision, there are many factors that affect the sizes of the forces acting on a car and its passengers.
Explain how these factors are used in crumple zones in cars.

(6)
(Total for Question 7 = 6 marks)
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 40 MARKS