What is stable electronic configuration?

8 electronic configurations
What are ions?
Ions are atoms with a net electric charge due to gain or loss of electrons
What are cations?
Cations are ions positivity charged due to loss of one or more electrons.
What are anions?
Anions are ions negatively charged due to gain of one or more electrons.
Define Ionic bonding
Bonding formed by the complete transfer of electrons from atom to
other.
Write and draw the electron arrangement of the following elements
Write the difference between an Atom and an Ion:

Atom Ion
Neutrally charged Electrically charged

Same number of protons and Different number of protons and

electrons electrons
Number of protons define its May contains of one or more
element atoms

Draw the dot and cross diagram of sodium chloride

Na -11(2,8,1)

Cl- 17(2.8,7)

?What are the steps for flame test

1) Heat the nichrome wire
2) dip the wire into the hydrochloric acid
 3) then dip the wire into a compound so a small blob is collected on the
wire
4) at last, put the wire under the flame and see what color it turned to.
Flame test for cations:
metal flame color
Sodium Yellow
Potassium lilac
Magnesium No color
Lithium Scarlet red
Calcium Brick red
Strontium Crimson red
barium Apple green
Copper Green