PEREZ, IVY R.

N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 01, 2020

MODULE 6.2: LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS

ASSESSMENT NO.2
A. Change each exponential statement to an equivalent statement involving a logarithm
1. 9 = 32 2. 2𝑥 = 7.2
log 3 9 = 2 log 2 7.2 = 𝑥

B. Change each logarithmic statement to an equivalent statement involving an exponent

1. 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 8 = 3 2. 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 2 = 𝑥
3
2 =8 3𝑥 = 2

C. Use the change case formula to evaluate the following logarithms

1. 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 7 2. log 0.5 4
ln 7 log 7 ln 4 log 4
𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟
ln 3 log 3 ln 0.5 log 0.5

D. Manually graph the following functions and its inverse in the same coordinate plane
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 ; 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = log 3 𝑥

𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥
DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ}
𝑥 −2 −1 0 1 2
3𝑥 0.11 0.33 1 3 9
15

13 𝑓 (𝑥) = 3𝑥
11
12
9 𝑓( −2) = 3(−2) = = 0.11
3
7 1
𝑓( −1) = 3(−1) = = 0.33
5 3
3 𝑓(0) = 3( 0) = 1
1 𝑓(1) = 3( 1) = 3
-5 -3 -1 -1 1 3 5 𝑓(2) = 3( 2) = 9
-3

-5
PEREZ, IVY R. N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 01, 2020

1
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = log 3 𝑥 → 𝑓 (𝑥) =
log 3 𝑥 1
𝑓(𝑥) =
DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 0 < 𝑥 < 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 > 1} log 3 𝑥
𝑥 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.9 DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 0 < 𝑥 < 1}
1 1
-0.48 -1 -3.08 -10.43 𝑓(0.1) = = −0.48
log 3 𝑥 log 3(0.1)
1
𝑓(0.5) = = −1
𝑥 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 log 3(0.5)
1 1
2.71 1.59 1.2 1 0.88 𝑓(0.7) = = −3.08
log 3 𝑥 log 3(0.7)
1
5 𝑓(0.9) = = −10.43
log 3(0.9)
3
DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 1}
1 1
𝑓(1.5) = = 2.71
-1 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 log 3(1.5)
1
𝑓(2) = = 1.59
-3 log 3(2)
1
𝑓(2.5) = = 1.2
-5 log 3(2.5)
1
-7 𝑓(3) = =1
log 3(3)
1
-9 𝑓(3.5) = = 0.88
log 3(3.5)
-11

-13

12

-3 -1 1 3 5
-3

-8

-13
PEREZ, IVY R. N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 01, 2020

1 𝑥
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = ( ) ; 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = log 1 𝑥
2 2
1 𝑥
𝑓𝑥 = )
( ) (
2
DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ}
𝑥 −3 −2 −1 0 1
𝑥
1
( ) 8 4 2 1 0.5
2
9
1 𝑥
-3, 8 8 𝑓(𝑥) = ( )
2
7 1 (−3)
𝑓 −3 = )
( ) ( = 23 = 8
2
6
1 (−2)
𝑓( −2) = ( ) = 22 = 4
5 2
1 (−1)
-2, 4 4 𝑓( −1) = ( ) = 21 = 2
2
3 1 (0)
𝑓(0) = ( ) = 1
-1, 22
2
1 (1) 1
1 0, 1
𝑓(1) = ( ) = = 0.5
2 2
1, 0.5
0
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

1 1
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = log 1 𝑥 → 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) =
2 log 1 𝑥 log 1 𝑥
2
2
DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 0 < 𝑥 < 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 > 1} DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 0 < 𝑥 < 1}
𝑥 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.9
1
1 𝑓(0.1) = = 0.30
log 1 𝑥 0.30 1 1.94 6.58 log 1(0.1)
2
2
1
𝑓(0.5) = =1
log 1(0.5)
𝑥 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 2
1 1
-1.71 -1.2 -0.76 -0.63 -0.55 𝑓(0.7) = = 1.94
log 1 𝑥 log 1(0.7)
2 2
7
1
𝑓(0.9) = = 6.58
log 1(0.9)
6 2

5 DOMAIN: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 1}

4 1
𝑓(1.5) = = −1.71
log 1(1.5)
3 2
1
2 𝑓(2) = = −1.2
log 1(2)
2
1 1
𝑓(2.5) = = −0.76
0 log 1(2.5)
2
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 1
-1 𝑓(3) = = −0.63
log 1(3)
-2 2
1
𝑓(3.5) = = −0.55
-3 log 1(3.5)
2
PEREZ, IVY R. N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 01, 2020
10

0
-4 -2 0 2 4

-2

-4

E. Expand the logarithmic expressions as a sum, difference and/or constant multiple of

logarithms
5 2. ln(𝑥𝑦𝑧)
1. 𝑙𝑜𝑔10
𝑥
= ln 𝑥 + ln 𝑦 + ln 𝑧
= log10 5 − log10 𝑥
F. Condense the expression to the logarithm of single quantity
1. ln 𝑦 + ln 𝑧 2. log 5 8 − log 5 𝑡
= ln 𝑦𝑧 8
= log 5
𝑡
G. Find the solutions of the following equations.
1. −2 + 2 ln 3𝑥 = 17 2. log10 (𝑧 − 3) = 2
2 − 2 + 2 + 2 ln 3𝑥 = 17 + 2 102 = (𝑧 − 3)
2 ln 3𝑥 19 100 = 𝑧 − 3
=
2 2 3 + 100 = 𝑧 − 3 + 3
19 𝑧 = 103
ln 3𝑥 =
2
19
3𝑥 𝑒 2
=
3 3
19
𝑒2
𝑥= or 4,453.242
3

H. Solve the word problem.

In 2001, the coast of Peru experienced an earthquake that measured 8.4 on the Ritcher
scale. In 2003, Colima, Mexico experienced an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the
Ritcher scale. Find the intensity of each earthquake an compare the two intensities.

On Ritcher scale, the magnitude 𝑅 of an earthquake of intensity 𝐼 is given by

𝐼
𝑅 = log10
𝐼0

Where 𝐼0 = 1 is the minimum intensity used for comparison. Intensity is a measure of

the wave energy of the earthquake.
PEREZ, IVY R. N046- PRE-CALCULUS DECEMBER 01, 2020

Given:
The coast of Peru experienced an earthquake that measured 8.4 on the Ritcher scale.
Colima, Mexico experienced an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Ritcher scale.

𝐼0 = 1 is the minimum intensity used for comparison.

Solution:

Coast of Peru Earthquake intensity: Coast of Colima, Mexico Earthquake

𝐼 intensity:
8.4 = log10 𝐼
𝐼0
7.6 = log10
𝐼 𝐼0
8.4 = log10
1 𝐼
𝐼 7.6 = log10
8.4
10 = 1
1 𝐼
108.4 = 𝐼 107.6 =
1
𝐼1 = 251,188,643.2 107.6 = 𝐼
𝐼2 = 39,810,717.06
Difference of intensity in Coast of Peru (𝐼1 ) and Coast of Colima, Mexico (𝐼2 ):
251,188,643.2 − 39,810,717.06 = 211,377,926.1

𝐼1 > 𝐼2
251,188,643.2 > 39,810,717.06

The earthquake intensity experienced at the Coast of Peru is about 251,188,643.2 which is greater
than the earthquake intensity experienced at the Coast of Colima, Mexico which is about
39,810,717.06 with a total difference of 211, 377,826.06. Which means the intensity of an
earthquake at the coast of Peru is higher than the intensity experienced at the Coast of Colima,
Mexico.