Lecture - 1 Engineering Mechanic I 2021-2022

Engineering Mechanic – Statics – I
Instructor
Assistant Professor Dr. Younis Khoshnaw
Erbil Polytechnic University

Erbil Technical Engineering College
Mechanical & Energy Department - Erbil, Iraq
younis.khdir@epu.edu.iq
Lecture 1
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Assist. Prof. Dr. Younis Khoshnaw – Engineering Mechanic - Statics I -1st Stage – 2021-2022
References
1. Engineering Mechanics statics by:J. L. Meriam & L. G. Kraige
2. Engineering Mechanics statics by: R. C. Hibbeler
3. Statics & Dynamics by: Andy Ruina and Rudra Pratap
4. Engineering Mechanics dynamics by:J. L. Meriam & L. G. Kraige
5. Engineering Mechanics dynamics by: R. C. Hibbeler
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References
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Mechanics
Mechanics is the physical science which deals with the effects of forces on objects. No other
subject plays a greater role in engineering analysis than mechanics. Although the principles of
mechanics are few, they have wide application in engineering. The principles of mechanics are
central to research and development in the fields of vibrations, stability and strength of
structures and machines, robotics, rocket and spacecraft design, automatic control, engine
performance, fluid flow, electrical machines and apparatus, and molecular, atomic, and
subatomic behavior. A thorough understanding of this subject is an essential prerequisite for
work in these and many other fields.
Mechanics (Greek Μηχανική) is the branch of science concerned with the behavior of
physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effects of the
bodies on their environment.
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Mechanics
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Mechanics
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Mechanics
The subject of mechanics is logically divided into two parts:
statics, which concerns the equilibrium of bodies under action of forces.
dynamics, which concerns the motion of bodies.

The subject of statics developed very early in history because its principles can be
formulated simply from measurements of geometry and force. Statics is the study of bodies
that are at rest or move with constant velocity. We can consider statics as a special case of
dynamics, in which the acceleration is zero.
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Basic Concepts
The following concepts and definitions are basic to the study of mechanics, and they should be
understood at the outset.
Space is the geometric region occupied by bodies whose positions are described by linear and
angular measurements relative to a coordinate system. For three-dimensional problems, three
independent coordinates are needed. For two-dimensional problems, only two coordinates
are required.
Time is the measure of the succession of events and is a basic quantity in dynamics. Time is not
directly involved in the analysis of statics problems.
Mass is a measure of the inertia of a body, which is its resistance to a change of velocity. Mass
can also be thought of as the quantity of matter in a body. The mass of a body affects the
gravitational attraction force between it and other bodies. This force appears in many
applications in statics.
Force is the action of one body on another. A force tends to move a body in the direction of its
action. The action of a force is characterized by its magnitude, by the direction of its action, and
by its point of application.
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Basic Concepts
A particle is a body of negligible dimensions. In the mathematical sense, a particle is a body
whose dimensions are considered to be near zero so that we may analyze it as a mass
concentrated at a point. We often choose a particle as a differential element of a body. We may
treat a body as a particle when its dimensions are irrelevant to the description of its position or
the action of forces applied to it.
Rigid body. A body is considered rigid when the change in distance between any two of its
points is negligible for the purpose at hand. For instance, the calculation of the tension in the
cable which supports the boom of a mobile crane under load is essentially unaffected by the
small internal deformations in the structural members of the boom. For the purpose, then, of
determining the external forces which act on the boom, we may treat it as a rigid body. Statics
deals primarily with the calculation of external forces which act on rigid bodies in equilibrium.
Determination of the internal deformations belongs to the study of the mechanics of
deformable bodies, which normally follows statics in the curriculum.
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Basic Concepts
Accelerate: To gain velocity or increase speed in a given direction.
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Newton’s Laws
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Newton’s Laws
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Newton’s Laws
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Newton’s Laws
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Units of Measurement
The four basic quantities—length, time, mass, and force—are not all independent from one
another; in fact, they are related by Newton’s second law of motion, F = ma. Because of this, the
units used to measure these quantities cannot all be selected arbitrarily. The equality F = ma is
maintained only if three of the four units, called base units, are defined and the fourth unit is
then derived from the equation.
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Units of Measurement
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Systems of Units
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Conversion of Units
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Prefixes
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Prefixes
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Rules of Use
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Important Points
• Statics is the study of bodies that are at rest or move with constant velocity.
• A particle has a mass but a size that can be neglected, and a rigid body does not deform
under load.
• A force is considered as a “push” or “pull” of one body on another.
• Concentrated forces are assumed to act at a point on a body.
• Newton’s three laws of motion should be memorized.
• Mass is measure of a quantity of matter that does not change from one location to
another. Weight refers to the gravitational attraction of the earth on a body or quantity of
mass. Its magnitude depends upon the elevation at which the mass is located.
• In the SI system the unit of force, the newton, is a derived unit. The meter, second, and
kilogram are base units.
• Prefixes G, M, k, m, m, and n are used to represent large and small numerical quantities.
Their exponential size should be known, along with the rules for using the SI units.
• Perform numerical calculations with several significant figures, and then report the final
answer to three significant figures.
• Algebraic manipulations of an equation can be checked in part by verifying that the
equation remains dimensionally homogeneous.
• Know the rules for rounding off numbers.
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Example
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Example
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Engineering Mechanic – Statics – I

Assistant Professor Dr. Younis Khoshnaw

Erbil Polytechnic University

statics, which concerns the equilibrium of bodies under action of forces.

dynamics, which concerns the motion of bodies.

Accelerate: To gain velocity or increase speed in a given direction.

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