ADVENT OF THE NATIONAL HERO

His mother almost died because of his big head.

Jose Protacio Mercado
Rizal Alonzo y
Realonda
The Governor General of the Philippines at
the time Rizal was born was Lieutenant-
General Jose Lemery.
He was a former senator of Spain
He governed the Philippines from February 2,1861
to July 7, 1862.
He was a good governor general.
JOSE’S FAMILY
Parents :
 Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso Realonda
 Don Francisco (1818-1898) was born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818.
 He studied Latin and Philosophy at College of San Jose in Manila
 He died in Manila on January 5,1898 at the age of 80.
 Rizal called him “a model of fathers”

 Doña Teodora (1826-1911) was born on November 8,1826.

 Educated at the College of Santa Rosa
 She died in Manila, on August 16, 1911 at the age of 85.
 The government offered a life pension to her but she declined saying “ my family was
never patriotic for money, if the government have plenty of funds and does not know
what to do with them, better reduce the taxes”
JOSE’S FAMILY
Jose’s Siblings
1. Saturnina 1850-1931 also called Neneng
2. Paciano 1851-1930 – he was Rizal’s confidant, upon the execution of Jose, he joined the Philippine
Revolution and became a combat general.
3. Narcisa 1852-1939 Sisa married the nephew of Fr. Leoncio Lopez – Antonio Lopez
4. Olimpia 1855-1887 Ypiashe married Silvestre Ubaldo
5. Lucia – 1857-1919 she was married to Marian Herbosa, a nephew of Fr. Casanas. He was denied
to have a Christian burial because he is a brother-in-law of Rizal
6. Maria 1859-1945 Biang, she was married to Daniel Faustino
7 Jose 1861-1896 Pepe
8. Concepcion 1862-1865 Concha, she is the reason of the first sorrow of our hero
9. Josefa 1865-1945 Panggoy, she died as an old maid.
10. Trinidad 1868-1951Trining also died an old maid
11. Soledad 1870-1929 Choleng – she married Pantaleon Quintero
JOSE’S FAMILY
Rizal’s Ancestry on Paternal Side
Rizal was a product of the mixture of races.
He had a mixture of East and West blood.
His great-great grandfather on his father’s side was Domingo Lamco a Chinese immigrant from
Fukien city of Changchow who arrived in Manila about 1690.
He married a Chinese Christian girl of Manila named Ines de la Rosa.
In 1731, he adopted the surname Mercado for he is a merchant.
They had a son, Francisco Mercado who resided in Binan and married a Chinese Filipino meztisa
– Cirila Bernacha
One of their sons, Juan Mercado married Cirila Alejandro, they had 13 children, the youngest is
Francisco Mercado Jose’s father.
JOSE’S FAMILY
Rizal’s Ancestry on Maternal Side
It is said that Doña Teodora’s family descended from Lakandula.
Rizal’s great-great grandfather was Eugenio Ursua , he is of Japanese
ancestry.
He got married to Benigna.
Their daughter, Regina married Manuel de Quintos, a Filipino-Chinese laywer
from Pangasinan.
One of therir daugthers, Brigida de Quintos married Lorenzo Alberto Alonso a
prominent Spanish-Filipino meztiso of Binan.
Their children were Narcisa, Teodora(Rizal’s mother), Gregorio, Manuel, and
Jose.
Domingo Lamco
 It was given by a Spanish alcalde
mayor of Laguna.
It means – a field where wheat,
cut while still green and sprouts
Ricial again.
 Red Tile

Hard
Wood

Adobe Stone
 They own the
largest home – • They belong to the Principalia.
library in their • They are tenant of the Dominican
town. It consist Order wherein they harvest rice, corn,
and sugarcane.
of more than • They also raised pigs, chickens and
1000 books turkeys in their backyard.
• They also managed a general goods
store and operated a small flour-mill
and home-made ham press.

Mercado family Their home was

as an illustrado, near the church
they own a
carriage
CHILDHOOD YEARS IN CALAMBA

His father build a nipa hut for him.

he was always accompanied by his “aya”
Rizal remembered their daily Angelus prayer.
He had his 1st sorrow when he was only four years old, when his sister
Concha died.
One of the men he respected in Calamba was Father Leoncio Lopez, the
town priest
CHILDHOOD YEARS IN CALAMBA
Even at his early age, he began to devote himself to the church.
 At the age of 3, he began to take part in the family prayers.
 When he was 5 years old, he was able to read haltingly the Spanish family
Bible.
 He love to go to church, pray, to take part in the novenas, and to join the
religious processions.
Jose is fond of meditating in the shore of Laguna de Bay with his
black dog Usman.
 PILGRIMAGE TO ANTIPOLO
To fulfil his mother’s vow which was made when Jose was born, Jose and
his father left Calamba on June 6,1868 to go on a pilgrimage to
Antipolo.
His mother could not accompany them because she had given birth to
Trinidad.
It was the first trip of Jose across Laguna de Bay and first pilgrimage to
Antipolo.
After praying at the shrine, they went to Manila to visit Saturnina who
was then studying at La Concordia College in Santa Ana.
It was the first time Jose saw Manila.
RIZAL’S ARTISTIC TALENTS
At the age of 5, he began to make sketches and to mould clay and wax objects.
The religious banner that was used during fiestas in Calamba got ruined, and upon
the request of the town mayor, he painted in oil colors a new banner which was said
to be a better than the old one.
There was an incident, when Jose was just 6 years old and he was making clay
images, his sisters laugh at him for devoting much of his time for making clay images.
Then he said “All right, laugh at me now! Someday when I die, people will make
monuments and images of me!”
At the age of 8, it is said that he wrote his first poem in the native language, entitled,
“Sa Aking Mga Kabata” but this was now believed to be hoax.
RIZAL’S ARTISTIC TALENTS
He also wrote his first dramatic work which was a Tagalog
comedy when he was 8.
It is said that is it was staged in Calamba festival and was
delightfully applauded by the audience .
The gobernadorcillo from Paete like it so much and purchased the
manuscript for two pesos.
The said Tagalog comedy was also staged in Paete.
He is good in manipulating shadow puppets.
He also engaged himself in doing magic tricks.
 THE STORY OF A MOTH
His mother uses stories and
poems to teach Jose the
alphabet.

The moth died martyr to

its illusions” according to
the young Jose.
INFLUENCES ON THE HERO’S BOYHOOD
Hereditary influence
From his Malayan ancestors, he inherited the love for freedom, his
innate desire to travel and his indomitable courage.
From Chinese, he got his serious nature, frugality, patience and love
for children.
From his Spanish ancestors, he got his elegance, sensitivity to insult
and gallantry to women.
From his father he inherited a profound sense of self-respect, love
for work, and the habit of independent thinking.
From his mother, his religious nature and the spirit of self-sacrifice,
and of course, the passion for arts and literature
Environmental influence
The scenic beauty of Calamba and their garden stimulated his artistic
and literary talents.
The religious atmosphere at home fortified his religious nature.
Being with his brother Paciano, he acquire the love for freedom and
justice.
From his sisters, he learnt to be courteous and kind to women.
Tio Jose Alberto – artistic talents
Tio Manuel – help him to be athletic
Tio Gregorio – intensified his love for reading good books.
The hardships that Jose had during his life help him shape the hero he
was
Aid of Divine Providence