CHEMISTRY PRACTICE QUESTIONS

ASSERTION REASON BASED QUESTION

Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer thesequestions selecting the
appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(e)Both A and R are false.

1.Assertion (A): Lead nitrate on thermal decomposition gives lead oxide, brown colored
nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas.
Reason (R): Lead nitrate reacts with potassium iodide to form yellow ppt. of lead iodide and
the reaction is double displacement as well as precipitation reaction.

2.Assertion(A): The Chemical reaction during which hydrogen is lost is called reduction.
Reason(R): Reducing agent removes hydrogen

3.Assertion(A): Method used for balancing chemical equation is called hit and trial method.
Reason(R): As we make trials to balance the equation by using the smallest whole number
coefficient.

4.Assertion(A): After white washing the walls, a shiny white finish on walls is obtained after
two or three days.
Reason(R): Calcium oxide reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium hydrogen carbonate
which gives shiny white finish.
5.Assertion(A): During chemical reaction atoms of one element do not change into those of
another element nor disappear from the mixture.
Reason(R): As chemical reaction involves the breaking and making of bonds between
atoms to produce new substance.

6.Assertion (A): The aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not show acidic character.
Reason (R): Aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not give H+ ions.

7.Assertion (A): Pure water is neither acidic nor basic.

Reason (R): The pH of a solution is universally proportional to the concentration of hydrogen in it.

8.Assertion (A): On adding H2SO4 to water the resulting aqueous solution get corrosive.
Reason (R): Hydronium ions are responsible for corrosive action.

9.Assertion (A) : During electrolysis of concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride,

hydrogen is produced at anode and chlorine gas is produced at cathode.
Reason (R) : Ions get attracted to oppositely charged electrodes.

10.Assertion (A) : The aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not show acidic character.
Reason (R) : Aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not give H+ ions.

11.Assertion (A) : Dry HCl gas does not change the colour of dry blue litmus paper.
Reason (R) : HCl gas dissolves in the water present in wet litmus paper to form H+ ions.
12.Assertion (A) : washing soda is sodium carbonate hexahydrate.
Reason (R) : chlorine is used for making bleaching powder.

13.Assertion (A) : Gypsum contain 2 water of crystallization.

Reason (R) : Gypsum is heated at 373k to give P.O.P
14.Assertion (A) Hydrogen gas is not evolved when a metal reacts with nitric acid.
Reason (R)Nitric acid is a strong oxidising agent.
15.Assertion (A)Magnesium chloride is an ionic compound.
Reason(R)Metals and non-metals react with mutual transfer of electrons.
16.Assertion (A) Gold occurs in native state.
Reason (R)Gold is a reactive metal.
17.Assertion CaCO 3 6 ---- 4 CaO + CO 2

Reason Photochemical decomposition occurs in the presence of sunlight.

18.Assertion Quicklime reacts vigorously with water releasing a large amount of heat.
Reason The above chemical reaction is an exothermic reaction.

19. Assertion Corrosion involves the damage or deterioration of metal components.

Reason The reduction reaction occurs between metal and atmospheric gases.

20. Assertion In the following chemical equation,

CuO (s ) + Zn (s ) c) Z nO(s ) +Cu(s )
Zinc is getting oxidised and copperoxide is getting reduced.
Reason The process in which oxygen is added to a substance is called oxidation whereas
the process in which oxygen is removed from a substance is called reduction.

21.Assertion Reaction between silver nitrate and potassium chloride is a precipitation reaction.
Reason Precipitation reaction produces insoluble salt.

22. Assertion Photosynthesis is considered as an endothermic reaction.

Reason Energy gets released in the process of photosynthesis.

23.Assertion Fe2O3 + 2Al----Al2O3 + 2Fe

The above chemical equation is anexample of displacement reaction.
Reason Aluminium being more reactivethan iron, displaces Fe from its oxide.

24. Assertion Lemon juice is sour in taste.

Reason Lemon juice is acidic in nature.
25. Assertion Sodium hydrogen carbonateis used in fire extinguisher.
Reason Sodium hydrogen carbon ate isa mild base.

26. Assertion HCl produces hydro nium ions (H 30 +) and chlorid e ions (C-l ) ina queous
solution.
Reason In presence of water, basegives H + ions
 27. Assertion Sodium carbonate is anacidic salt.
Reason Sodium carbonate is salt ofweak acid and strong base.
28.Assertion Phenolphthalein gives pinkcolour in basic solution.
Reason Phenolphthalein is a natural indicator.

29.Assertion If the pH inside the mouth decreases below 5.5, the decay of tooth enamel begins.
Reason The bacteria present in mouthdegrades the sugar and left over food particles and produce
acids that remains in the mouth after eating.

30.Assertion Aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate turns the blue litmus into red.
Reason Ammonium nitrate is a salt ofstrong acid and strong base.
31.Assertion Magnesium hydroxide isused as an antacid.
Reason Magnesium hydroxide is astrong base.

32. Assertion: Fresh milk in which baking soda is added, takes a longer time to set as curd.
Reason: Baking soda decreases the pH value of fresh milk to below 6.

33. Assertion: Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost is an endothermic reaction.

Reason: Decomposition reaction involves breakdown of a single reactant into simpler products.

34. Assertion (A) : When HCl is added to zinc granules, a chemical reaction occurs.
Reason (R) : Evolution of a gas and change in colour indicate that the chemical reaction is taking place.

35. Assertion:Calcium carbonate when heated gives calcium oxide and water.
Reason (R) : On heating calcium carbonate, decomposition reaction takes place.

36. Assertion (A) : Brown fumes are produced when lead nitrate is heated.
Reason (R) : Nitrogen dioxide gas is produced as a by product due to the decomposition of lead nitrate.

37.Assertion (A) : White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.

Reason (R) : Decomposition of silver chloride in presence of sunlight takes place to form silver metal and
chlorine gas.

38. Assertion (A): Pungent smelling gas is produced when sulphur burns in air.
Reason (R) : Sulphur trioxide is formed on reaction of sulphur with oxygen.

39.Assertion (A) : In a reaction of copper with oxygen, copper serves as a reducing agent.
Reason (R) : The substance which gains oxygen in a chemical reaction acts as a reducing agent.

40. Assertion (A) : In electrolysis of water, the volume of hydrogen liberated is twice the volume of oxygen formed.
Reason (R) : Water (H,0) has hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2 by volume.

41. Assertion (A): Corrosion of iron is commonly known as rusting.

Reason (R) : Corrosion of iron occurs in presence of water and air.

42. Assertion (A) : The balancing of chemical equations is based on law of conservation of mass.
Reason (R) : Total mass of reactants is equal to total mass of products.
43. Assertion (A): In a balanced chemical equation, total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the
products.
Reason (R): Mass can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical change.

44. Assertion (A): Iron articles are painted so as to prevent them from rusting.
Reason (R): When the surface of iron is coated with paint, its surface does not come in contact with oxygen and
moisture therefore rusting does not take place.

45. Assertion (A) : Chemical reaction changes the physical and chemical state of a substance.
Reason (R) : When electric current is passed through water (liquid), it decomposes to produce hydrogen and
oxygen gases.

46. Assertion (A): When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
Reason (R): The decomposition reaction takes place on application of heat, therefore, it is an endothermic reaction

47. Assertion (A): Zinc reacts with sulphuric acid to form zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas and it is a displacement
reaction.
Reason (R): Zinc reacts with oxygen to form zinc oxide.

48. Assertion (A): Chips manufacturers usually Ilush bags of chips with gas such as nitrogen to prevent the chips
from getting oxidised.
Reason (R): This increase the taste ot the chips and helps in their digestion.

49. Assertion (A): Exposure of silver chloride to sunlight for a long duration turns grey due to the formation of silver
by decomposition of silver chloride.
Reason (R): In this process, sublimation of silver chloride takes place.

50. Assertion (A): Rusting of iron metal is the most common form of corrosion.
Reason (R): The effect of rusting of iron can be reversed if they are left open in sunlight.

51. Assertion (A): AgBr is used on photographic and X-ray film.

Reason (R): AgBr is photosensitive and changes to Ag and bromine in presence of sunlight and undergoes
decomposition reaction

52. Assertion (A): Magnesium ribbon keeps on burning in atmosphere of nitrogen.

Reason (R) : Magnesium reacts with nitrogen to form magnesium nitride and this reaction is combination reaction.

53. Assertion (A): A lead nitrate on thermal decomposition gives lead oxide, brown coloured nitrogen dioxide and
oxygen gas.
Reason (R): Lead nitrate reacts with potassium iodide to form yellow ppt. of lead iodide and the reaction is double
displacement as well as precipitation reaction.

54.Assertion (A) : The acid must always be added to water with constant stirring.
Reason (R) : Mixing of an acid with water decreases the concentration of H+ ions per unit volume.

55. Assertion (A) : Copper sulphate crystals are wet because it contains water of crystallisation.
Reason (R) : Water of crystallisation is the fixed number of molecules of water present in one
formula unit of salt.

56. Assertion (A) : The aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not show acidic character.
Reason (R) : Aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not give H+ ions.
 57. Assertion (A) : HCl gas does not change the colour of dry blue litmus paper.
Reason (R) : HCl gas dissolves in the water present in wet litmus paper to form H+ ions.

58. Assertion (A) : Weak acids have low electrical conductivity.

Reason (R) : Strong acids and weak acids have equal concentration of hydrogen ions in their solutions.

59. Assertion (A): Pure water is neither acidic nor basic.

Reason (R) : The pH of a solution is inversely proportional to the concentration of hydrogen
ions in it.

60. Assertion (A) : During electrolysis of concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, hydrogen is
produced at anode and chlorine gas is produced at cathode.
Reason (R) : Ions get attracted to oppositely charged electrodes.

61. Assertion (A) : Baking powder is used in making cake instead of using only baking soda.
Reason (R) : Baking powder contains tartaric acid which reacts with sodium carbonate and removes
bitter taste.

62. Assertion (A) : The chemical formula of bleaching powder is CaOCI.

Reason (R) : Calcium oxide reacts with chlorine to form bleaching powder.

63. Assertion (A): Plaster of Paris is stored in a moisture proof container.

Reason (R) : Plaster of Paris sets into a hard mass on wetting with water to form anhydrous calcium sulphate.

64. Assertion (A): The chemical name of bleaching powder is calcium oxychloride.
Reason (R): Bleaching powder is used as an oxidising agent in chemical industries.

65. Assertion: The process of dissolving an acid or a base in water is highly exothermic reaction.
Reason: Water must always be added slowly to acid with constant stirring.

66. Assertion : Phenolphthalein is an acid-base indicator.

Reason: Phenolphthalein gives different colours in acidic and basic medium.

67. Assertion: Calcium sulphate hemihydrate, CaSO4.1/2 H20 is called plaster of Paris.
Reason: Plaster of Paris is used for producing moulds for pottery and ceramics and casts of statues.

68. Assertion : pH = 7 signifies pure water.

Reason: pH of acetic acid is greater than 7.

69. Assertion : HCl is a stronger acid than acetic acid.

Reason: On dissociation, HCl yields lesser hydrogen ions for the same concentration as compared to acetic
acid.
 70. Assertion : pH of ammonium nitrate solution is acidic.
Reason: Solution of a salt of weak base and strong acid is acidic.

71. Assertion : Phosphoric acid is a weak acid.

Reason : Phosphoric acid when dissolved in water dissociates partially and produces very little H* ions.

72. Assertion : Antacids neutralize the effect of extra acid produced in the stomach during indigestion and
thus provide relief.
Reason: Antacids are mild bases.

73. Assertion : Acetic acid does not act as an acid in benzene solution.
Reason: Benzene is non-polar.

74. Assertion : Bleaching powder reacts with dilute acids to evolve chlorine.
Reason: The chlorine liberated by the action of dilute acids on bleaching powder is called available chlorine.

75. Assertion : Sodium carbonate pentahydrate is also known as washing soda.

Reason: Chief raw materials for the manufacture of washing soda are NH3, NaCl and CaCO3.

76. Assertion: Common salt is used for the preparation of many chemicals such as sodium hydroxide,
bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda etc.
Reason : Main source of sodium chloride is sea water.

77. Assertion : AlCl3 is a basic salt.

Reason: AlCl3 is a salt of strong acid and a weak base.

78. Assertion : Baking soda is prepared by chlor-alkali process.

Reason: Brine decomposes to sodium hydroxide on passing electricity through it.

79. Assertion : Salt of KNO3 is formed by strong base and weak acid.
Reason: Salt of NH4Cl is formed by weak base and strong acid.

80. Assertion : Strength of the acid or base decreases with dilution.

Reason: Ionization of an acid or a base increases with dilution.

81. Assertion : Higher the H ion concentration, lower is the pH value.

Reason: The pH of a neutral solution=7, that of a basic solution < 7 and that of an acidic solution > 7.

82. Assertion : CH3COOH is used as vinegar in cooking and food preservatives.

Reason: Strong acids are those acids which ionise almost completely in aqueous solution and hence produce
a large amount of H+ions.

83. Assertion : Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is lower than 5.5.
Reason: Enamel starts corroding below 5.5 pH.

84. Assertion (A) : Zinc oxide is amphoteric in nature.

Reason (R): Zinc oxide reacts with both acids and bases.
 85. Assertion (A) : Magnesium chloride is an ionic compound.
Reason (R) : Metals and non-metals react by mutual transfer of electrons.

86. Assertion (A): Zinc can easily displace copper on reacting with a solution of copper sulphate.
Reason (R) : Copper is more reactive metal as compared to Zinc.

87. Assertion (A) : MgCl, is a covalent compound.

Reason (R) : MgCl, is a good conductor of electricity in molten state.

88. Assertion: The reaction of calcium with water is less violent in comparison to that of sodium.
Reason: The heat evolved is not sufficient for the hydrogen to catch fire.

89. Assertion : C and N do not react with dil. HCl and dil. H2SO4.
Reason: Metals do not react with dil. HCl and dil. H2SO4.

90. Assertion : Aluminum oxide and zinc oxide are acidic in nature.
Reason: Amphoteric nature means that substance have both acidic and basic character

91. Assertion : Different metals have different reactivities with water and dilute acids.
Reason: Reactivity of a metal depends on its position in the reactivity series.

92. Assertion : Iron is the most widely used metal. But it is never used in its pure state.
Reason: Pure iron is very soft and stretches easily when hot.

93. Assertion: Gold occurs in native state.

Reason: Gold is a reactive metal.

94.Assertion : The oxides of sulphur and phosphorus are acidic in nature.

Reason: Metal oxides are basic in nature.

95. Assertion : MgO exists in liquid state.

Reason: The electrostatic forces of attraction between Mg2+ and 02- ions constitute ionic bond.

96.Assertion : On reacting with water, calcium starts floating over water.

Reason: Calcium reacts with cold water at room temperature.

97. Assertion : Electrovalency of Na is +1.

Reason: The number of electrons which an atom either loses or gains in the formation of an ionic bond is
known as its valency.

98.Assertion: The arrangement of metals in order of decreasing reactivities is called reactivity series.
Reason: Metals at the top of series are very reactive and metals at the bottom are least reactive.

99. Assertion : Non-metals are electronegative in nature.

Reason: They have tendency to lose electrons.

100. Assertion : Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.
Reason: A large amount of energy is required to break the strong inter-ionic attraction in ionic compounds.
101.Assertion : Metals in general have very high melting and boiling points.
Reason: Metals have the strongest chemical bonds which are metallic in nature.

102. Assertion : Metals generally act as reducing agents.

Reason: The reducing character is expressed in terms of electron releasing tendency.

103. Assertion : Magnesium reacts with oxygen upon heating and burns brightly to form magnesium oxide.
Reason: Magnesium oxide is basic in nature.

104. Assertion : Bromine cannot displace chlorine from its salt solution.
Reason: Chlorine is more reactive than bromine.