ELECTRICAL TOOLS

NAME :- G.I.RANASINGHE
REG. NO :- COL/BSE/2020/F/31
COURSE :- HNDE-BSE
Multimeter
 A multimeter is a device that can measure a variety of electrical properties.
 A multimeter is mainly used to measure the three basic electrical characteristics of
voltage, current, and resistance
 We can see two types of multimeters.They are
 Digital multimeter
 Analog multimeters
 The multimeter has two leads—red and black—and three ports. The black lead
plugs into the "common" port. The red lead plugs into either of the other ports,
depending on the desired function.

Figure 1 - Multimeter

How to use multimeter

 Set up your multimeter to measure what you need to measure.Use the selector
knob or button to choose it.
 Connect the black probe to the common jack on the multimeter.
 Plug the red probe into the jack labeled as AC voltage or ohms/omega.
 If you want to measure resistance,
 Touch the probes to either side of the item you’re testing. Positive and
negative doesn’t matter here.
 Move down the ohm range on your multimeter gradually. When you’re in
range, the reading will make sense.
 If You want to measure voltage,
 Place the end of the black probe into the neutral slot. On a polarized plug,
it's the wider prong and put the red probe into the hot slot on the plug.
 Check your reading.
Oscilloscope
 An oscilloscope is a device that allows you to see how voltage changes over time
by displaying a waveform of electronic signals.

Figure 2 - Oscilloscope

How to get reading

 Set the oscilloscope to display channel 1.

 Set the vertical volts/division scale and position
controls to mid–range positions.
 Turn off the variable volts/division.
 Turn off all magnification settings.
 Set the channel 1 input coupling to DC.
 Set the trigger mode to auto.
 Set the trigger source to channel 1.
 Turn trigger holdoff to minimum or off.
 Set the horizontal time/division and position
controls to mid-range positions.
 Adjust channel 1 volts/division such that the
Figure 3 - oscilloscope trigger
signal occupies as much of the 10 vertical divisions as
possible without clipping or signal distortion.
Lux meter
 A lux meter is also called a light meter, it is a device which is used to measure the
brightness.
 The lux meter measures the brightness specifically with the intensity by which the
brightness appears to the human eye.

How to use lux meter

 Lux meter register brightness with an integrated photodetector. The
photodetector is placed perpendicular to the light source for optimal
exposure. Readouts are shown either by an analog instrument or digital
LCD. Digital types include basic operator
inputs. Digital types of meter can save
measurements and they have an adjustable
detection range. Photodetectors will be
composed of selenium or silicon and it
determines the brightness photovoltaically.
Then the captured light is converted to
electrical current and the lux value is calculated by Figure 4 - Lux meter
measuring this current.

Screw drivers
 A screwdriver amplifies the hand's turning motion to the small, specially designed
tip that is inserted into the screw's head
 We commonly use two types of screw drivers,
 Flat-head Screwdriver
As the name suggest it has a flat shape shaft tip with a single slot which
engages with the slotted screw head only.

Figure 5 - Flat-head screwdriver

 Phillips Screwdriver
When you see these screwdrivers from the front, the tip looks like a cross
sign. These types of screwdrivers also shows cam- out effect but it does
 purposely when the torque exceeds a limit while tightening up of screw
which resist the damage of screwdriver profile and screw and clearly
extends the life of the tool.

Figure 6 - Phillips screwdriver

Wire stripper
 A wire stripper is a portable handheld tool used by workers, especially
electricians, for removing the protective coating of an electric wire in order to
replace or repair the wire

Figure 7 - Wire stripper

Pliers
 Pliers are made in various shapes and sizes and for many uses. Some are used for
gripping something round like a pipe or rod, some are used for twisting wires, and
others are designed to be used for a combination of tasks including cutting wire.
There are also tools that are used just for cutting wires.
3 types of pliers
 Combination Pliers
Combination pliers are called such because they can perform a combination
of jobs. They are most typically used for gripping, compressing, bending,
twisting, extracting and cutting various materials.
 Side-cutting pliers
Proper use of side cutting (lineman's) pliers: Many applications including
electrical, communications and construction work. Use to grip, splice or cut
wires, and strip insulation.
 Nose pliers
Needle-nose pliers are used to manipulate wire using the textured teeth

Figure 8 - Combination pliers Figure 9 - Side cutting pliers Figure 10 - Nose pliers