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MATHEMATICS C. axiom D. theorem

Lecture No.4: ALGEBRA 1 13. A mathematical argument that appears to prove
something that we know is incorrect.
Prepared by: John Ryan D. Regalario, EcE
A. axiom B. theorem
C. fallacy D. lemma
LECTURE CONTENT
 Numbers EXPONENTS
 Basic Rules of Algebra
 Laws of Exponents 14. If 3𝑥+1 − 3𝑥−1 = 72, the x =
 Properties of Radicals A. 2 B. 4
 Quadratic Equations C. 3 D. 5
 Cubic Equations
15. Solve for the value of x that will satisfy the
 Binomial Expansion
 Theory of Equations equation √𝑥 + 2 = −1
A. -1 B. 2
BASIC RULES OF ALGEBRA C. 3 D. no solution
16. If 8𝑥 = 3, find the value of 26𝑥 .
1. The statement (x + y) + z = z + (x + y) A. 9 B. 2
illustrates which property of real numbers? C. 8 D. 4
A. Associative B. Commutative
C. Closure D. Distributive QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
2. Which of the following equations defines the
associative property of addition? 17. The equations whose roots are the reciprocal of
A. (a + b)c = ac + bc the roots 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 5 = 0
B. a + b = b + a A. 3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2 = 0 B. 5𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 2 = 0
C. a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c C. 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0 D. 5𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = 0
D. a + b = c + d 18. Find the value of k if 4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 will have
3. Which equation illustrates the additive inverse equal roots.
property of real numbers? A. 8/3 B. 2
1
A. 𝑎 × 𝑎 = 1 B. 𝑎 + (−𝑎) = 0 C. 4 D. 9/4
C. 𝑎 + 0 = 𝑎 D. 𝑎 + (−𝑎) = −1 19. Two reviewee’s from FALCON solve a quadratic
4. What is the multiplicative inverse of x/2? equation in x. One student made a mistake on the
A. -x/2 B. 2/x coefficient of the linear term and found the roots
C. 1 D. 0 to be 1 and 2, while the other, made a mistake in
5. What is the additive inverse of -2a? the constant term and found the roots to be -1 and
A. 2a B. 2/a 2. What was the correct quadratic equation?
C. 1/2a D. a/2 A. x2 - x - 2 = 0
6. What is the identity element for addition? B. x2 + x - 1 = 0
A. 0 B. -1 C. x2 - x - 1 = 0
C. 1 D. 2 D. x2 - x + 2 = 0
7. What is the identity element for multiplication?
A. 0 B. -1
C. 1 D. 1/a CUBIC EQUATIONS
8. If a = b =a. This illustrates which axiom in
Algebra? 20. Find the sum and product of the roots of the
A. Transitive axiom equation x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 = 0.
B. Replacement axiom A. 1, 3 B. -1, 3
C. Reflexive axiom C. -1, -3 D. 1, -3
D. Symmetric axiom 21. If the roots of the equation are -1, 2 and 4,
9. In algebra, the operation of root extraction is what is the equation?
called ________. A. x3 – 5x2 + 2x + 8 = 0
A. convolution B. evolution B. x3 – 4x2 + 3x + 8 = 0
C. revolution D. resolution C. x3 – 5x2 - 3x + 6 = 0
10. Which equation illustrates the multiplicative D. x3 – 4x2 + 2x + 6 = 0
identity property for real numbers?
A. 𝑥 + 0 = 𝑥
1
B. 𝑥 (𝑥 ) = 1 BINOMIAL EXPANSION
C. 𝑥(1) = 𝑥 D. 𝑥(0) = 𝑥 22. Find the sixth term in the expansion of (a+2b)8.
11. The terms of a sum may be grouped in any manner
A. 1792a3b5 B. 1792a5b3
without affecting the result. This is known as:
C. 56a3b5 D. 448a3b5
A. Commutative Law
23. Find the term involving x6 in the expansion of
B. Associative Law
(x2+1/x)12?
C. Distributive Law
A. 792x6 B. 924x6
D. Reflexive Law
C. 1024x6 D. 572x6
12. If equals are added to equals, the results are 24. What is the sum of the coefficients of the
equal. expansion (2x-1)20?
A. corollary B. postulate A. 0 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4
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B. ___________________________________
If a = b, then b = a.
THEORY OF EQUATIONS C. ___________________________________
If a = c and b = c, then a = b.
25. The remainder when 2x4 – kx – 15x2 – 3x – 2 is
divided by (x – 3) is 4. What is the value of k? LAWS OF EXPONENTS
A. 4 B. 7
C. 3 D. 5 A. 𝑥 𝑚 ⋅ 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑚+𝑛
26. Find the value of k for which (x+4) is a factor 𝑥𝑚
B. 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑚−𝑛 ; 𝑥 ≠ 0
of x3 + 2x2 - 7x + k = 0.
A. -4 B. 4 C. (𝑥 𝑚 )𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑚𝑛
C. -68 D. 32 D. (𝑥𝑦)𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑛 𝑦 𝑛
𝑥 𝑛 𝑥𝑛
27. The expression 3x4 + x2 + 7x + 1 = 0, contains E. (𝑦 ) = 𝑦 𝑛 ; 𝑦 ≠ 0
how many imaginary roots?
F. 𝑥 0 = 1; 𝑥 ≠ 0
A. 0 B. 1 1
C. 2 D. 3 G. 𝑥 −𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑛 ; 𝑥 ≠ 0

LOGARITHM PROPERTIES OF RADICALS

𝑚
28. Given: log6 + xlog4 = log4 + log (32 + 4x), find A. ( 𝑛√𝑥) = 𝑛√𝑥 𝑚
the value of x. B. 𝑛√𝑥 ⋅ 𝑛√𝑦 = 𝑛√𝑥𝑦
A. 2 B. 4 𝑛
√𝑥 𝑛 𝑥
C. 3 D. 5 C. 𝑛 = √𝑦 ; 𝑦 ≠ 0
√𝑦
29. If In x2 = (In x)2 solve for x: 𝑛
D. √𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑥; when n is odd
A. 2 ln x B. e2
E. 𝑛√𝑥 𝑛 = |𝑥|; when n is even
C. ln x D. e2x
30. If log 2 = x and log 3 = y, find log 1.2 in
______________________
terms of x and y.
- an equation with respect to x that can be written
A. 2x + y - 1 C. 3x + 2y - 1 in the form:
B. 2x - y + 1 D. 2x - 3y - 1 Ax2 + Bx + C = 0
CONCEPTS QUADRATIC FORMULA
Ax2 + Bx + C = 0
TYPES OF NUMBERS
B  B2  4AC
A. ___________________________________ x
- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … 2A
B. ___________________________________
- 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, … ______________________
C. ___________________________________ - in quadratic formula, the expression inside the
- …, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, … radical
D. ___________________________________ Ax2 + Bx + C = 0
- 7/4, -2/3, 5/2, 0, 1, -3, … D = B2 – 4AC
E. ___________________________________
- 𝜋, √2, e, … NATURE OF ROOTS
F. ___________________________________ D > 0; ______________________
- -1, -2, 0, 1, 2, 5/2, -2/5, e, 𝜋, … D = 0; ______________________
D < 0; ______________________
PROPERTIES OF REAL NUMBERS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROOTS
A. ___________________________________
Ax2 + Bx + C = 0
a + b = b + a
x1 + x2 = ______________________
ab = ba
x1x2 = ______________________
B. ___________________________________
a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c
______________________
C. ___________________________________
- an equation with respect to x that can be written
a(b + c) = ab + ac
in the form:
(a + b)c = ac + bc
Ax3 + Bx2 + Cx + D = 0
D. ___________________________________
a + 0 = a
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROOTS
E. ___________________________________
Ax3 + Bx2 + Cx + D = 0
a(1) = a
x1 + x2 + x3 = ______________________
F. ___________________________________
x1x2 + x1x3 + x2x3 = ______________________
a + (-a) = 0
x1x2x3 = ______________________
G. ___________________________________
1
𝑎⋅ =1 BINOMIAL EXPANSION
𝑎
______________________
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY - is an array of numbers, in the shape of an
A. ___________________________________ isosceles triangle, having a 1 at the top and also
a = a at the ends of each line. All the other numbers are
made by adding the
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1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
1 4 6 4 1
…

BINOMIAL FORMULA
______________________
where:
C = the coefficient of the next term
A = the coefficient of the previous term
B = the exponent of x in the previous term
D = the exponent of y in the previous term

Term involving yr in (x + y)n

Cr  x 
nr
n yr

rth term of (x + y)n

n Cr xnr1 yr1
______________________
- is the exponent use in base a to obtain x
y  loga x
TYPES OF LOGARITHM
a. ______________________ – using base 10
b. ______________________ – using base e

PROPERTIES OF LOGARITHM
A. 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑦
𝑥
B. 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑥 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑦
C. 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑥
D. 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑏 = 1
E. 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑏 𝑛 = 𝑛
F. 𝑏 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑥 = 𝑥
G. 10𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥
H. 𝑒 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥