Pharmacology

Pharmaceutics Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics

Introduction to pharmacology
Pharmacology is the science of how medicines work in the body.

Let's look at how medicines affect body

systems, organs, and cells in the body.

Listening 1.2. Read the words and terminology in this list. Then
listen and put them in the order (1-9) in which you hear them.

nucleus 9
liver 6
digestive 2
cell membrane 7
skeletal 1
nervous system 4
circulatory 3
organelles 8
organs 5
Watch the video and complete the text using the words and
terminology 1-9.

The human body is a complex collection of systems that all work

together. There’s the (1) ________________
skeletal system which supports the
body and allows movement. The (2) ________________
digestive system
converts food into energy and eliminates waste. The (3)
________________
circulatory system, the superhighway of the body, transports
materials around the body. The (4) ________________
nervous coordinates
bodily functions by releasing electrical signals and substances called
neurotransmitters.

Each of these systems has a number of (5) ________________

organs . For
example, the digestive system consists of the stomach, the intestines,
the (6) ________________
liver , and the pancreas.
Each of these organs consists of billions of separate cells. Generally,
cells have many things in common, such as a (7) ________________
cell membrane
on the outside, (8) ________________
organelles which have varying functions
such as producing or removing substances, and a
(9) ________________
nucleus which contains the DNA.

Now complete these sentences.

1 What does the skeletal system do?

2 What does the digestive system do?

3 What does the circulatory system do?

4 What does the nervous system do?

Listening 1.3: Listen to the second part of the Introduction to
Pharmacology and decide if these statements are True or False.

1) Liver cells are the same as skin cells. F

2) Cells communicate between themselves to regulate body
functions. V
3) Cells communicate by electrical messengers. F
4) Neurons or nerve cells release neurotransmitters. V
5) Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers. V
6) Hormones stay in one cell. F

Now watch the video and check your answers.

The digestive system

How does your digestive system work?
Vocabulary – Check the meaning of these verbs

to eat to make its way to cover

to span to contain to work
to transform to transport to break down
to modulate to deliver to position
to support to enable

Which verb(s) is used to describe what these group of organs, parts

of the body, systems, or elements do? Some verbs may be used
more than once.

the digestive system

pancreas / gallbladder / liver

mesentery

gastrointestinal tract

food / raw materials

enzymes / hormones / nerves / blood