SEKOLAH SULTAN ALAM SHAH

SCIENCE 1511

PEKA 1

Some steps to prevent the spread od Covid-19 disease is washing

hand with soap

Based on the statement, plan and run an experiment to study the above situation. You are
asked to write a report for the experiment. Your report should contain:
(a) Problem statement
(b) Aim
(c) Hypothesis
(d) Variables
(e) Apparatus and materials
(f) Procedure
(g) Observations
(h) Interpret data
(i) Draw conclusions

Also should answer the following questions:

1. State the inference of the observation in this experiment.

2. State the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding
variable.

3. Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for the growth of
microorganisms.

4. Why do we need to wash hand with soap frequently?

5. Based on your findings of this experiment, suggest improvements to obtain more

accurate data.

6. Is the data you obtained valid? Give your reasons.

7. State the conclusion for this experiment.

As you conduct the experiment, your manipulative skills and the practice of scientific
attitudes and values will be assessed
PEKA 1

Name :

Form :

Date :

Theme :
1 Maintenance and continuity of life

Learning area :
1.1 Microorganisms

Content standard :
1.2 World of microorganisms

Learning standard :
1.1.2 Conduct an experiment to show the presence of microorganisms

Problem statement :
How does the cleanliness level of fingers which streak the surface of the sterile nutrient K1P1
agar affect the rate of bacterial growth on the surface of the sterile nutrient agar?

Aim :
To study the growth of bacteria on sterile nutrient agar that has been streaked wih: K1P2
a) Unwashed fingers
b) Fingers that have been washed with water only
c) Fingers that have been washed with soap and water

Hypothesis : K1P3
When the cleanliness level of fingers which streak the surface of the sterile nutrient
agar increases, bacterial growth on the surface of the sterile nutrient agar will decrease

Variables: K1P4a
Manipulated : cleanliness level of fingers

Responding : Number of bacterial colonies K1P4b

Constant : Surrounding temperature

K1P4c

Materials :
sterile nutrient agar, cellophane tape and marker pen

K1P5
Apparatus :
Three sterile Petri dishes with lids labeled A, B and C, and sterile measuring cylinder (10
cm3), cellophane
 Procedure :

1. A petri dish containing 10 cm3 of sterile agar is prepared.

2. The entire surface of sterile nutrient agar in petri dish A is streaked with unwashed fingers

3. Step 1 to 2 is repeated using hand that have been wash with water, by replacing petri dish A with petri dish
B

4. Step 3 is repeated using hands that have been washed with soap and water by replacing petri dish B with
petri dish C

5. All the petri dishes are covered and the lids and sealed with cellophane tape. Every petri dish were inverted
and the petri dish are kept at room temperature in the dark cupboard for three days.

6. The number of bacterial colonies in each petri dish was calculated and recorded in a
table.

Observation :
Number of bacterial K3P1
Petri dish
colonies
A = streak with unwashed fingers
16
B = streak with fingers that have been washed with
8
water only
C = streak with fingers that have been washed
with water and soap 4 K3P2
 K4P1a

K4P1b

K4P1c

K4P1d

1. State the inference of the observation in this experiment. K4P2a

The number of bacterial colonies in petri dish C (streak with fingers that have been
washed with water and soap) is the lowest because soap and water stunt the growth
of bacteria

2. State the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding
variable. K4P2b
The most the cleanliness of the hand, the least the growth of bacteria

3. Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for the growth of
microorganisms.
Bacterial growth is a process that produces a number of colonies
K4P2c

4. Why do we need to wash hand with soap frequently?

soap will stunt the groeth of bacteria that will prevent bacteria from growing.
K5P1
5. Based on your findings of this experiment, suggest improvements to obtain more
accurate data. K5P2
This experiment should be carried out 3 times for a better results.
6. Is the data you obtained valid? Give your reasons.
Yes because bacterial colonies can be counted clearly. Also, the nutrient agar and K5P3
Petri dishes were sterilized to kill bacteria. Furthermore, Petri dishes were cover
with lids and sealed with cellophane tape to trap bacteria in Petri dishes. Petri
dishes were inverted to prevent condensed water from falling onto the agar surface
which will affect the growth of bacteria on the agar surface. K5P4

7. State the conclusion for this experiment. K4P3

Bacterial growth is best when the
cleanliness is worse.
Soap will inhibit the growth of bacteria.
TUGASAN 1

Arina membeli jeruk mangga serta potongan buah mangga segar yang dijual di sebuah
gerai. Keesokan harinya, dia mendapati potongan buah mangga segar telah rosak manakala
jeruk mangga masih dalam keadaan baik.

Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, rancang dan jalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji situasi di
atas .

Di akhir eksperimen, anda perlu menulis satu laporan lengkap dan mengolah data dalam set
komunikasi yang sesuai dan menjawab soalan berikut :

1. Nyatakan inferens bagi pemerhatian dalam eksperimen ini.

2. Nyatakan hubungan antara pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan dengan pemboleh ubah
bergerak balas.
3. Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi pertumbuhan
mikroorganisma.
4. Mengapakah jeruk mangga tahan lebih lama?
5. Berdasarkan dapatan eksperimen ini, cadangkan penambahbaikan untuk
mendapatkan data yang lebih jitu.
6. Adakah data yang anda perolehi sah? Berikan alasan anda.
7. Nyatakan kesimpulan bagi eksperimen ini.

Semasa anda menjalankan eksperimen, kemahiran manipulatif dan amalan sikap saintifik dan
nilai murni akan dinilai.