Theory

Urine is formed by the kidneys as they function to remove waste products and
foreign materials. It keeps the level of ions in the blood serum at constant value. These
substances include ammonia, urea, proteins from pathogens, uric acid and ions of
hydrogen, sodium potassium, calcium, chloride and sulfate.

Materials

Urine sample
pH meter

PROCEDURE

Physical Properties
1. Place 20 drops of urine in a test tube.
2. Note the odor/ smell, color and clarity of the urine.
3. Dip a piece of pH paper to determine the pH of the urine

Data:

A. Physical Properties

Smell:

Color:

Clarity:

pH:

Color Indication Remedy

1. transparent or
pale yellow
2. Dark Yellow
3. Honey or Amber
4. Pink to Reddish

5. Blue
6. Dark Brown or
 Black
B.

GUIDE QUESTIONS

1. What is your overall assessment on the health of the subject based from the results
of the different tests?

2. What indicates that the person is dehydrated?

3. What are the benefits we get from being well hydrated?

What is urine’s composition?