Type of paint Base Vehicle Properties Uses

1. Aluminum  Finely grounded aluminum  Spirit varnish or oil varnish  Thin film formed when spirit or oil  Wood and metal work.
paint evaporates  Used in gas tank, hot water and
 Resistant to corrosion, weather, marine pipes, oil storage tank,
electricity. radiators.
 Heat reflective, visibility in darkness,
high covering, better appearance.
2. Anti-corrosive  pigments such as zinc  Linseed oil  Consist of strong drier and colouring  Used to protect metal from adverse
paint chromate, lead chromate, mixed with very fine sand. effect of moisture, fumes, acids,
zinc oxide, zinc dust, zinc  Cheaper than white/lead paints corrosive chemical and weather.
chromate, or red lead.  Lasts longer.
 Gives black appearance.
3. Asbestos  Fibrous asbestos.  Solvent and water based  Special purpose paint  Patch work and stopping leakage in
paints  Resistant to acid gases and steam. roof
 Resistant to rusting  Used to paint gutters, pouts,
flashings etc.

4. Bituminous  Asphalt, tar, mineral pitches  Naphtha petroleum or  Alkali resistant  Painting structural under water
paint white spirit  Gives black appearance  Iron water pipes
 Deteriorates when exposed to sun
5. Bronze paint  Aluminium bronze or  Nitro cellulose lacquer  High reflectivity  Used in interior and exterior.
copper bronze  Used to paint radiators.
6. casein paint  Casein protein extracted  Drying oil or varnish is  Available in powder or pasty form.  Applied on wall, ceiling, wall boards
from milk, cured mixed with added to make it weather  It can be tinted in any desired shades etc. to enhance appearance.
a base consisting of white well. of colour.
pigment
7. Cellulose paint  Prepared from Nitrogen  Thinner or solvent.  Different from ordinary paint.  Used to paint motor cars, aero
cotton, celluloid sheet,  Paint hardens by evaporation of Thinner planes etc.
photographic film, amyl – or solvent.
acetate substitutes.  Gives smooth finish, unaffected by hot
water, smoky, or acidic atmosphere etc.
 High cost
8. Cement paint  White or coloured cement  Water based paint.  Water paint, no oil is used  Made by mixing water to powder
 Available in powder form.  Painting external surfaces, since it is
 Consist of cement pigment, accelerator water proof
and other additives.  New surface -3 coats , old surface –
2 coats.
9. Emulsion  Titanium dioxide is used for
paint white, iron oxide for yellows,
reds and browns, chromium
oxide for greens, and carbon
is used for blacks.
10. Enamel paint  Contains four basic
constituents – metallic
oxide( white lead or zinc
white) ,oil, petroleum spirit
and resinous matter .
11. Plastic paint  Plastic as base, forms main
constituent.
 Plastic compounds such as
vinyl acetate and acrylate.
12. Oil paints  White lead, red lead, zinc
white , lithophone, titanium
oxide, oxides of iron,
aluminum powder.
13. Distempers  Powdered chalk ,pigments
and glue mixed in water
 Poly - vinylaceteate,
styrene, alkyd resin and
other synthetic resins
 Varnish;
 Thinner or white spirit;
 Water based paint
 Linseed oil (raw, boiled,
pale boiled, double boiled)
 Tung oil, nut oil, poppy oil
 Dehydrated castor oil
 Clean water
 Oil bound distempers –
linseed oil
 Vehicle imparts alkali resistance  Used on stucco plaster, bricks and
 Dries quickly within 1.5 to 2 hrs masonry surfaces .
 Good workability
 High durability
 Thinned with water
 Painted surface can be washed with
water
 Dries slowly  Commonly used on doors, windows,
 On drying produce hard, impervious, metal grills, porches, decks, stairs
glossy, elastic, smooth and durable film. concrete stairs etc.
 Available in readymade forms in a
variety of colours
 Not affected by acids alkalis smokes of
gas, hot and cold water, steam etc.
 It can be thinned with petroleum spirit.
 Quick drying, high covering power,  Applied in two coats
 Ordinary paints  Used on all types of surfaces such as
 Commonly used driers are litharge, red walls, ceilings, wood work, metal
lead, sulphate of zinc and manganese. work etc.
 Generally used in three coats, prime  Wood work – white lead
coat, under coat, finishing coat  Iron and steel work – red lead.
 Cheap and easy to apply
 Good capacity and low gloss
 Should not applied during humid and
damp weather.
 Also known as water paints.  Interior side of plastered wall and
 Distempers available in the form of ceiling
powder known as dry distempers. Oil  Plastered surfaces and previously
bound distempers area available in the white washed surface
form of paste.  Not suitable for exposed situations
 Better smooth surface  Not suitable for wet surfaces
 More durable example bathrooms, kitchens.
 Cheap