1.

Functional unit of the kidney – nephron antibiotics, NSAID

2. How do you perform a 24-hour urine drugs.
collection – Dispose the first collection. c. Post-renal cause – obstruction
Collect the specimen for 24-hours in the urinary tract.
using a container. 9. Clinical manifestations, Assessment
3. Minimum GFR = 30-60 cc/hr findings and diagnosis for CKD
4. Function of the kidneys: a. Increased serum crea and BUN
5. Laboratory findings for a patient with b. Edema
acute renal failure c. Increased calcium and
a. Increased BUN and Creatinine phosphorus level
b. Normal BUN= 7-18 10. Dietary restriction for patients with CKD
c. Normal Crea = 0.6-1.2 a. Fluid restriction 500-800ml/day
6. Difference between BUN and Creatinine b. High carbohydrate diet
a. Creatinine = measures c. low sodium
b. BUN = index of renal function; d. Decreased sodium
affected by protein intake. e. Low phosphorus
c. The higher the protein intake f. High calcium
the higher the BUN 11. Symptom of nephrotic syndrome
7. Phases of Acute renal failure a. Edema
a. Initiation b. Massive proteinuria
b. Oliguric 12. Important in-patient education in
c. Diuretic introducing a contrast dye
d. Recovery a. Ask the patient for allergies for
8. Example cause of acute kidney injury any shellfish or seafoods.
a. Pre-renal cause – hypovolemia 13. Hemodialysis complications example
and hypotension a. Chills
 Anything that b. Hypotension
diminishes the blood 14. Common causes of UTI
flow to the kidney a. Holding off of urine
 Important to keep b. Use of foley cath
patient hydrated. c. Excessive use of antibiotics
 Anything that can cause 15. Common causative agent for UTI – E.
obstruction of the Coli
blood vs 16. Examples of renal stones that usually
 Vasoconstriction and forms in the urinary tract
stenosis a. Calcium stones
b. Intra-renal cause – b. Calcium phosphate stone
nephropathy c. Cysteine stones
 Medication that can d. Oxalates
cause intra-renal kidney 17. Causative agent of AIDS- HIV
damage - ACE 18. Screening test for AIDS- ELIZA
inhibitors, 19. Confirmatory test for AIDS- Western
aminoglycoside blot test
20. Foods to avoid of patient s with HIV
 a. Dairy foods (esp. eggs)
b. Raw foods
c. Sea foods
d. Unpasteurized milk (fresh milk)
e. Do not give fresh flowers
21.