2011 AR 403

History of
Architecture - III
Module - II
Lecture - 2
Arts & Crafts Movement, Eclecticism

Nipun George
SCMS School of Architecture, Karukutty, Kochi.
 WESTERN ARCHITECTURE

PRE-HISTORIC
NEO GOTHIC
S1S2

CLASSICAL ROCOCCO
ART DECO
BYZANTINE NEOCLASSICISM

20th Century
MODERNISM
ROMANESQUE ART NOUVEAU
POST MODERNISM

S4
GOTHIC ARTS & CRAFTS
DE- CONTRUCTIVISM
S3

RENAISSANCE BEAUX ARTS

PARAMETRICISM
BAROQUE
 Module - 2
1800 AD - 1950 AD
ART NOUVEAU

ARTS & CRAFTS

BEAUX ARTS

NEO GOTHIC

ART DECO

MODERNISM
Modern Architecture
Modern architecture - Influence of new material and techniques, demand for new types of
building, influence of technology- Chicago School, Eclecticism, Art and Crafts movement,
Art Nouveau, Peter Behrens, Antoni Gaudi, Victor Horta, Louis Sullivan's contribution to
American architecture, Frank Lloyd Wright, Organic Architecture, European Modern
Architecture, Auguste Perret, Adolf Loos.
 Module - 3
1950 AD - 2000 AD
MODERNISM

POST MODERNISM

DE- CONTRUCTIVISM

Modern Architecture
Influence of other visual arts on Architecture, The Bauhaus School, Walter Gropius, Erich
Mendelsohn, Mies Van der Rohe, Le Corbusier, Alvar Aalto, Gio Ponti, Pier Luigi Nervi,
Philip Johnson, Eero Saarinen, Oscar Niemeyer, Kenzo Tange, Jørn Utzon, B.V Doshi,
Charles Correa, Geoffrey Bawa - Post modern Architecture- Peter Eisenman, Frank Gehry,
Zaha Hadid, Coop Himmelblau, Rem Koolhaas,
Daniel Libeskind, and Bernard Tschumi
 Module - 2 & 3
1880 AD - 2000 AD
ART NOUVEAU

ARTS & CRAFTS

ECLECTICISM

MODERNISM

POST MODERNISM
 ARTS & CRAFTS
- movement in the decorative and fine arts that
flourished in UK & US - 1880 onwards.

- Inspired by the writing of John Ruskin

(1819–1900), Artist - William Morris (1834–1896) &
Architect Philip Webb (1812–1852).

- Eventually replaced by Modernism.

- reaction against the poor quality of decorative arts

- produced using machines.
Ernest Gimson - Inglewood House
Philip Webb - Standen House
Features of Arts and Crafts
- Rectangular shapes
- Appreciation of nature
- Simple forms
- Little ornamentation
- Natural building materials
- Chimneys as a dominant exterior feature
- Handcrafted details
- Interior lightness, open floor plans
- Built-in design features like cabinets and light
fixtures
- Pitched roofs
- Porches
- Stained glass
Arts & Crafts Movement- Major Figures in
Architecture :

1. William Morris (Artist) (England) : 1834-1896

2. Philip Webb (England) : 1831-1915
3. Edwin Lutyens (England) : 1869-1944
4. Henry Hobson Richardson (US) : 1838-1886
5. Gustav Stickley (US) : 1858-1942
1. WILLIAM MORRIS (ENGLAND) : 1834-1896
Red House
London, 1859
2. PHILIP WEBB (ENGLAND) : 1831-1915
Red House
London, 1859
West House
Chelsea, 1869
Clouds House
Wiltshire, 1886
3. EDWIN LUTYENS (ENGLAND) : 1869-1944
Munstead Woods Home
Surrey, 1897
4. HENRY HOBSON RICHARDSON (US) : 1838-1886
Trinity Church
Boston, 1877
Thomas Crane Public Library
Massachusetts, 1881
John J. Glessner House
Chicago, 1886
Sever Hall (Harvard University)
Massachusetts, 1878
5. GUSTAV STICKLEY (US) : 1858-1942
Gustav Stickley House
New York, 1900
Craftsman Farms
New Jersey, 1908
 ECLECTICISM
- a single building may incorporate mixture of styles
from previous historical styles in 19th Century.

- Strived to create a novel design by bringing

elements of structure, motifs, ornaments etc.

- Propogated by Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris - Spread

and found acceptance in US.

-Unlike Arts & Crafts & Art Nouveau, it had its

presence in Skyscrapers, Churches etc - accessible to
all sections of society.
Eclecticism- Major Figures in Architecture :

1. Daniel Burnham (US) : 1846-1912

2. Richard Norman Shaw (England) : 1831-1912
3. Richard Morris Hunt (US) : 1827-1895
1. DANIEL BURNHAM (US) : 1846-1912
Flatiron Building
New York, 1902
Reliance Building
Chicago, 1895
Ellicott Square Building
New York, 1896
Union Station
Washington DC, 1908
2. RICHARD NORMAN SHAW (ENGLAND) : 1831-1912
Cragside
Northumberland, 1863
Norman Shaw Building
London, 1906
3. RICHARD MORRIS HUNT (US) : 1827-1895
New York Tribune Building
New York, 1875