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(ﺍﻚﻛﻜﻭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ).
ﻭﺍﻚﻒﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻛﻠﻢ ﻑﻡ ﺳﺮﻠﻘﻢ ﻋﺪ ﻛﻜﻭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻝﻡ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺤﺟﺮﺘﻠﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻚﻣ ﻠﻘﺎﺯ ﻑﻠﻞﺎ ﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﺎﺯ
ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﺪﺓ ﺘﻭﺪﻱ ﻚﺘﻜﺴﻠﺮ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻚﺬﻱ ﻠﺘﻢ
ﻗﻠﺎﺴﻟ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﻚﻘﻠﺎﺯ ﺍﻚﻀﻭﻥﻡ spectrophotometers .ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﺮﺓ ﺍﻚﺜﺎﻜﻠﻢ ﺘﻘﺎﺯ ﻑﻠﻞﺎ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ
ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ.
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ﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ(CBC ) :
ﺇﻥ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﻝ ) (CBCﻠﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻛﻥ ﺜﻧﺚ ﺃﻜﺴﻛﻢ ﺭﻥﻠﺴﻠﻢ ﻤ ﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻝﻠﺪﺭﻭﻚﻠﻜﻡ ) ( Hydraulic systemﻭﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ( Electrical
) system
ﻭﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻀﻏﺳ ﻝﻭﺍﻥﻡ ( Pneumatic system ) .ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﺪﺭﻭﻚﻠﻜﻡ ﻑﻠﺘﻢ ﺃﺨﺬ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﺨﻠﺳﻞﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺒﻌﺲ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺍﺪ ﺍﻚﻜﻠﻛﻠﺎﻥﻠﻢ
ﻭﻠﺤﻠﻠﻞﺎ ﺇﻚﻣ ﻛﺮﻙﺒﺎﺘﻞﺎ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺪﻢ ﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﻛﻥ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ .ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻚﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ﻑﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ
ﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻭﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ .ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺬﻚﻚ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻀﻏﺳ ﻝﻭﺍﻥﻡ ﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﻭﺟﺪ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻛﻀﺨﻢ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ
ﺬﺍﺕ ﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﻀﻏﺳ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ .ﺍﻚﻜﺘﻠﺟﻢ ﻚﻞﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻒﺤﺱ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺳﺒﺎﻋﺘﻞﺎ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻝ ﺳﺎﺒﻌﻢ ﻛﺤﺘﻭﻠﺎ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻛﺎﺕ ﺒﻠﺎﻜﻠﻢ ﻚﻠﻜﺘﺎﻥﺞ.
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ﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺍﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﺘﺎﺒﻌﻢ ﻚﻞﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻒﺤﻭﺻﺎﺕ:
ﻠﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻝﺬﺍ ﻦﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻛﺟﻛﻭﻋﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ ﻭﺍﻚﻜﻭﺍﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻠﺰﻢ ﻚﻌﻛﻞ ﺍﻚﻒﺤﻭﺻﺎﺕ ﻭﻝﻡ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﺨﻒﻒ ( Diluent) ,
ﻭﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻞ ,ﻭ ﺍﻚﻜﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﺴﻒ ( Detergent Reagent ) ,ﻭ ﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺎﻠﺮﺓ ( Calibration solution ) ,ﻭﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ
ﺍﻚﺘﺒﻠﻠﺲ • ( Bleach).ﺍﻚﻛﺨﻒﻒ ( Diluent) :ﻠﺴﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺪﺍﻢ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﺨﻒﻒ ﻠﺴﻛﻣ ( azide- free isotonic
) diluentﻚﺘﺨﻒﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺘﺤﻭﻠﻠﻟ ﺇﻚﻣ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﻥ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺬﻚﻚ ﻠﻌﻛﻞ ﻙﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﻜﺴﻒ
ﻚﻠﺟﻞﺎﺮ • .ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻞ (Lytic ) :ﻭﻠﺴﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺪﺍﻢ ﻙﺎﺸﻒ
ﻛﺤﻠﻞ ﻠﺴﻛﻣ ) ( azide-free isotonic lyticﻷﻜﻟ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺒﺸﻜﻞ ﺴﺮﻠﻍ ﻭﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﺘﺤﺮﻠﺮ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ
ﺒﺸﻜﻞ ﺴﺮﻠﻍ ﺃﻠﻀﺎ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻠﻘﻠﻞ ﺒﻘﺎﻠﺎ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ) (Cellular debrisﻚﻛﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻛﻌﻠﻥ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﺤﺘﻣ ﻚﺘﺪﺨﻞ
ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﺒﻘﺎﻠﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻤ ﻭﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺃﻠﻀﺎ ﺒﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺻﺒﻐ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻚﻠﺻﺒﺢ ﺴﻠﺎﻜﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ.
•ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﺴﻒ ) ( Detergent Reagentﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ
ﻠﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ ﻙﺎﺸﻒ ﻛﻜﺴﻒ ﻠﺴﻛﻣ ) ( azide-free isotonic detergentﻭﺍﻚﺬﻱ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺨﻠﺳﻟ ﺒﺎﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﺨﻒﻒ ﻭﺍﻚﺬﻱ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﺎﻚﺘﺨﻠﺱ
ﻛﻥ ﺒﻘﺎﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺟﻭﺪﺓ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻭﺒﺎﻷﺨﺱ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻷﻜﺎﺒﻠﺐ • .ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺎﻠﺮﺓ )) Calibration solutionﺘﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ
ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﺸﺮﻱ ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻛﻌﺎﻠﺮﺓ ﻭﻀﺒﺳ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻗﻠﻢ ﺻﺤﻠﻢ ﻛﺴﺘﻛﺪﺓ ﻛﻥ ﺪﻢ ﺇﻜﺴﺎﻥ ﺴﻠﻠﻢ.
•ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﺘﺒﻠﻠﺲ ( Bleach ) :ﻠﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺘﻜﺴﻠﻒ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ) (Apertureﺤﺘﻣ ﺘﺘﻢ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﺸﻜﻞ
ﺻﺤﻠﺢ ﻭﺨﺎﻚﻠﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﺳﺎﺀ.
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ﻜﺴﺮﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ( Electric resistance detection ) :
ﺘﺘﻢ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺪ ﻭﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺒﺎﺇﻋﺘﻛﺎﺪ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻜﺴﺎﻢ
) ( Electric resistance detectionﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺒﺴﺤﺐ
ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﻭﺘﻛﻠﺮﻝﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻛﺮﺤﻠﻢ ﻛﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻛﺟﺯ ﺨﺎﺱ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻝ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺘﺴﻛﻣ
) ( Aperture -transducer detection
ﻜﺪ ﻛﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻒﺘﺤﻢ ﺒﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﺘﻠﺎﺭ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ) ( DC
ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﺘﺪﻑﻖ ﺍﻚﺘﻠﺎﺭ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺇﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪﻠﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺟﻡ (ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ
ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ) ﻭﺪﺍﺨﻠﻡ ( ﺪﺍﺨﻞ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ) ﺒﻞﺪﻒ ﺇﻙﻛﺎﻝ ﺍﻚﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﻤ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ
ﻠﺘﻭﻚﺪ ﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﻛﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻘﺎﻭﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﻛﺎ ﻠﺆﺪﻱ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺮﻠﺎﺪﺓ ﻑﻡ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ
ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺳﺮﻑﻡ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﻤ ﻭﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﺘﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺒﺎ ﺳﺮﺪﻠﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ
ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺎﺭﺓ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺳﺮﻑﻡ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﻭﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻠﻛﺮ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺪﻭﺍﻥﺮ ﺘﻜﺒﻠﺮ
ﻭﻑﻠﺘﺮﺓ ) ( Amplifierﻚﺘﺤﻭﻝ ﺒﻌﺪ ﺬﻚﻚ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﻘﺮﻭﺃﺓ ﻭﺒﻌﺪﻝﺎ ﺘﺤﻭﻝ
ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻛﻠﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﺘﺤﻭﻠﻞ ﻛﻥ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﻠﺒﻠﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻛﻡ
) (ADCﺜﻢ ﺘﺮﺴﻞ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺘﻌﺪﺍﺪﻠﻢ ﻚﺘﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ
ﺒﺎﻹﻋﺘﻛﺎﺪ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻋﺪﺪ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﺮﻗﻛﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻏﺘﺟﻢ( Pulses).
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ﻛﺒﺪﺃﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻭﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ:
ﺇﻥ ﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺒﺎﺇﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ ﻠﺘﻢ ﻋﺪﻝﺎ ﻭﻗﻠﺎﺯ ﺤﺟﻛﻞﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺳﻠﺮﻠﻖ ﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻒﺮﻖ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﻢ
ﺒﻠﻜﻞﺎ ﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﻚﻡ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﺍﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻑﺈﻥ ﺍﻚﻒﺮﻖ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﻢ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﻭﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻠﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻜﻞﺎ ﺒﻜﺒﻀﻢ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ
ﺭﻗﻛﻠﻢ ) (Pulseﻠﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﺎﺴﻞﺎ ﻭﻛﻘﺎﺭﻜﺘﻞﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﺮﻯ ﻚﺘﺘﻢ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻭﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ .ﻭﻝﻜﺎ ﻜﻭﻀﺢ ﺍﻚﺨﺳﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻛﺮ ﺒﻞﺎ
ﺍﻚﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ:
•ﻠﺘﻢ ﺴﺤﺐ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﻠﻡ ﺘﻛﻠﺮ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﺍﻚﺘﻠﺎﺭ ﺍﻚﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﺍﻚﻛﺘﺪﻑﻖ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﺍﻚﺨﺎﺭﺟﻡ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺍﻚﺪﺍﺨﻠﻡ.
•ﻋﻜﺪ ﻛﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺨﻧﻝ ﺍﻚﺜﻘﺐ ﻑﺈﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﻘﺎﻭﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪﻠﻥ ﺴﻭﻒ ﺘﺰﺪﺍﺪ ﻛﻛﺎ ﻠﻭﻚﺪ ﺮﻠﺎﺪﺓ ﺟﻞﺪ ﺳﺮﻑﻡ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﻭﺍﻚﺬﻱ
ﻠﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ
ﺳﺮﺪﻱ ﻛﻍ ﺍﻚﻛﻘﺎﻭﻛﻢ .ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﻠﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺳﺮﺪﻱ ﻛﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻛﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻑﺮﻖ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﺍﻚﺻﻏﻠﺮ
(ﻙﻘﻠﻛﻢ ) ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﻜﺒﻠﺮﻩ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﺘﻜﺒﻠﺮ ﻤﻭﻠﺘﻀﻛﻥ
ﺬﻚﻚ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺸﻭﻠﺰ ﻎﻠﺮ ﻛﻜﺳﻘﻠﻢ ﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻋﻥ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﻑﻘﺎﻗﻠﻍ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻞﻭﺍﺀ ) ( Air bubblesﻠﺘﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﺱ ﻛﻜﻞﺎ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻝ ﺪﻭﺍﻥﺮ
ﺍﻚﻒﻠﺘﺮﺓ ﻙﻛﺎ ﻭﻀﺤﻜﺎﻝﺎ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ.
•ﻠﻌﺘﻛﺪ ﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﻚﻡ ( ﺍﻚﻛﺘﺟﺎﻜﺯ ﻛﻍ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ) ﻋﻠﻣ ﺍﻚﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺪﺭﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓﻭﺍﻚﻀﻏﺳ ﺍﻹﺴﻛﺰﻱ ﻤ ﻭﻚﻜﻥ ﻝﺬﺍ
ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﻚﻡ ﻠﺻﻜﻍ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺃﻥ ﻠﻜﻭﻥ ﺬﺍﺕ ﻀﻏﺳ ﺇﺴﻛﺰﻱ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﻤ ﻭﻚﻜﻥ ﺒﺎﻚﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻚﻠﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺪﺭﺟﻢ ﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻑﻞﻜﺎﻚﻚ ﻛﺮﺍﻗﺒﻢ
ﻚﺪﺭﺟﻢ ﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻋﻥ ﺳﺮﻠﻖ ﻛﺟﺯ ﺤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻭﻀﻭﺵ ﻋﻜﺪ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ) (Apertureﻭﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﻧﺤﺴ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻋﻜﺪ ﺮﻠﺎﺪﺓ ﺪﺭﺟﻢ
ﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺴﻭﻒ ﺘﺰﺪﺍﺪ ﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﺘﻟ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻠﺆﺪﻱ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﻜﺸﺎﺀ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﻏﻠﺮﺓ ﺍﻚﻘﻠﻛﻢ.
•ﻙﻞ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻜﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﻭﻎﻠﺮﻝﺎ ﻛﺨﺘﻠﻒﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﻚﻜﻒﺯ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺵﻛﻥ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺪﻢ ﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ
ﺴﻭﻒ ﻠﻌﺪﺍﻚﻜﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﻛﻥ ﻜﻒﺯ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺵ ﺍﻚﻭﺍﻗﻌﻢ ﻑﻡ ﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﻛﻌﻠﻥ ﻭﻛﺤﺪﺪ ﻛﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻚﻛﺒﺮﻛﺞﻭﻠﻞﻛﻞ ﺍﻚﺒﻘﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻏﻠﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻢ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻛﺟﺎﻝ.
( •ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻠﻢ ) :ﻠﺘﻢ ﺴﺤﺐ µL 12ﻛﻥ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢﺍﻚﻜﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺘﺨﻒﻒ ﺒﻜﺴﺒﻢ 052:1ﻛﺴﺘﺨﺪﻛﺎ ﻛﺤﻠﻞ ﺨﺎﺱ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ
ﺒﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻎﺸﺎﺀ ﻙﺮﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻀﺎﺀ ﻛﺒﻘﻠﺎ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺃﻜﻭﻠﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻚﻠﺘﻢ ﻋﺪﻝﺎ .ﺇﻥ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻋﺪﺪ
ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺘﺘﻢ ﺒﻌﺪ ﺃﻜﻭﻠﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻀﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﺪﺪ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻋﻜﺪﻛﺎ
ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺍﺓ ﺃﻙﺒﺮ ﻛﻥ FL 36ﺘﻌﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﻢ ﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﺤﺪﺓﻭﺇﺬﺍ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻛﻜﻞﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻘﻠﻛﻢ ﻑﺈﻜﻞﺎ ﺘﻞﻛﻞ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻑﺈﻥ ﺍﻚﻘﺮﻠﺮ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺎﻥﻡ ﺴﻭﻒ
ﻠﺴﻞﺮ ﺤﻠﺚ ﺘﺪﻝ nﻋﻠﻣ ﻋﺪﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻚﻜﻞ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ.
"ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ":ﻠﺘﻢ ﺴﺤﺐ µL 4ﻛﻥ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺘﺨﻒﻒ ﺒﻜﺴﺒﻢ 111052:1ﻤ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ
ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻚﻘﺒﻠﻢ ﻚﻠﻌﺪ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺪﺍﻢ ﻛﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﺤﺪﺪ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻣ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻙﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻠﺟﺐ
ﺃﻥ ﻠﻘﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﺮﻠﻢﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﻑﺈﻥ ﻚﻢ ﺘﻘﻍ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺇﻝﻛﺎﻚﻞﺎ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﻜﻞﺎﻠﻢ ﻠﺴﻞﺮ ﺒﺎﻚﺘﻘﺮﻠﺮ ﻭﻝﺬﺍ ﻠﻌﻜﻡ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ nﻛﻥ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ
ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﻙﻞ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ .ﺃﻛﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺪ ﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ ﻠﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺪﻗﻢ ﻛﺘﻜﺎﻝﻠﻢ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﺤﺟﻢ
ﺍﻚﺻﻒﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﻚﻘﺎﺒﻠﻢ ﻚﻠﻌﺪ ﺃﺘﻭﻛﺎﺘﻠﻜﻠﺎ ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﺒﻠﻥ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻣ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻛﺎﺒﻠﻥ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﻜﻞﺎﻠﻢ ﻠﺴﻞﺮ ﺘﻘﺮﻠﺮ ﺤﻠﺚ nﺘﻛﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺪ ﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ
ﻚﻜﻞ µL1ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ.
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ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺐ HCTﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ:
ﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻟ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﻥﻠﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﻠﻣ ﻜﺒﻀﻢ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻛﺮﻭﺭ ﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺪﻢ ﺨﻧﻝ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻭﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺒﺎ ﺳﺮﺪﻠﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺘﻠﻚ
ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻑﺈﻥ ﻛﺟﻛﻭﺵ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻠﻛﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺪ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻜﻌﺮﻒ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻚﻞﺎ ﻛﺟﻛﻭﺵ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ
ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ,
ﻭﻛﻜﻞﺎ ﻜﺴﺘﺳﻠﻍ ﺤﺴﺎﺐHCT
ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ( Hgb ) :
ﺒﻌﺪ ﺇﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻞ ﺇﻚﻣ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﺤﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭ ﻛﺒﻘﻠﺎ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻭﻋﻜﺪﻝﺎ ﻠﺘﺤﻭﻝ ﻋﻜﺻﺮ
ﺍﻚﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻛﻥ ) (Ferrousﺇﻚﻣ ) ( Ferricﻚﻠﻜﺘﺞ ﺴﻠﺎﻜﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ(HicN ) .
ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﻌﺮﻠﺲ ﺍﻚﻛﺮﻙﺐ ﻚﺤﺰﻛﻢ ﻀﻭﻥﻠﻢ ﻛﻒﻠﺘﺮﺓ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﺮﺟﺎﺝ ﻛﻒﻠﺘﺮ ﺬﺍﺕ ﺳﻭﻝ ﻛﻭﺟﻡ nm :01ﻛﺻﺪﺭﻩ ﻛﺻﺒﺎﺡ ﺘﻜﺟﺴﺘﻭﻥ ﻤ ﺜﻢ ﻠﺘﻢ
ﺘﺤﻭﻠﻞ ﺍﻚﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﻌﻜﺯ ﻋﻥ ﺴﻠﺎﻜﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻠﺴﻛﻣ ) ( Photo detectorﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ
ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﺘﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺳﺮﺪﻱ ﻛﻍ ﻙﺜﺎﻑﻢ ﺍﻚﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﻌﻜﺯ ﻑﻡ ﻜﻒﺯ ﺍﻚﻭﻗﺕ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺇﺴﻘﺎﺳ ﺤﺰﻛﻢ ﻀﻭﻥﻠﻢ ﺃﺨﺮﻯ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻛﺎﻠﺴﻛﻣ ( Blank
) Reagentﻭﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻛﺮﺟﻌﻠﻢ ﻚﻘﻠﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﺰﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﻛﺘﺻﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﻚﻠﺘﺎﻥ ﻠﺘﻢ ﻛﻘﺎﺭﻜﺘﻞﻛﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺳﺮﻠﻖ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﻛﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﻤ ﻭﻑﻖ
ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺎﺪﻚﻢ ﺍﻚﺘﺎﻚﻠﻢ:
Sample Absorbance – Blank Absorbance =Hgb .Absorbance
ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻚﻭﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺴﺘﺨﺪﻛﻢ ﻑﻞﻡ g/dL.ﻛﻧﺤﺴﻢ :ﻙﻞ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺘﺘﻢ ﻑﻡ ﺤﺟﺮﺓ ﺘﺴﻛﻣ( Hgb flow cell).
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ﻛﻌﺎﺪﻦﺕ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ:
•ﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺟﺴﻠﻛﻡ( MCV ) :
ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻟ ﺒﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ( HCT ) -:
•ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻚﺟﺴﻠﻛﻡ ﻚﻠﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ( MCH ) :ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻞﺎ ﺒﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻋﺪﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ.
•ﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﺘﺮﻙﻠﺰ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ( MCHC ) :ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻞﺎ ﻛﻥ ﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﻜﺴﺒﻢ
ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ