MODULE 3: ANALYTICAL TOOLS

TUTORIALS

(Note: Show all workings and explanations clearly)

1. Determine the Z-transform of the following signals:

a. x ( n )=[ 1¿ , 0 ,−1 , 0 , 1,−1 , ….. ]

b. x ( n )=(−1 )n u(n)

c. x ( n )=a n ( cos ωo n ) u ( n ) Ans.:

−1
1−acos ωo z
X ( z )= −1 2 −2
; ROC |z|>1
1−2 acos ωo z + a z

n
(π
d. x ( n )=(−1 ) cos 3 n u ( n )) Ans.:
1
1+ z−1
2
X ( z )= ; ROC :|z|>1
1+ z + z−2
−1

e. x ( n )=( sin ω o n ) u(n)

−1
z sin ωo
Ans.: X ( z )= −1 −2
; ROC |z|>1
1−2 z cos ωo + z

f. x ( n )=a n ( sin ωo n ) u(n)

−1
a z sin ω o
Ans.: −1 2 −2
; ROC :|z|>|a|
1−2 a z cos ωo + a z
2. Determine the inverse Z-transform of the following:

11 −2 1 −3
−1
1+3 z + z + z
6 3
a. X ( z )= 5 1
1+ z−1 + z−2
6 6

Hint: divide the numerator by the denominator to get

1 −1
z
−1 6
1+2 z + and work your way down to the discrete-time
5 1
1+ z−1 + z−2
6 6
signal x (n)).

1
b. X ( z )=
( 1+ z−1 ) ( 1−z−1 )
2

Get the inverse transform: x (n))

3. Determine the response of the system represented by the difference equation shown
below:

5 1
y ( n )= y ( n−1 )− y ( n−2 ) + x (n)
6 6

1
to the input signal: x ( n )=δ ( n )− 3 δ (n−1)

()
n
( ) 1
Answer: y n = u (n)
2
4. Consider the system:

−1 −2 −3
1−2 z + 2 z + z
H ( z )= ; ROC :0.5|z|>1
(1−z )(1−0.5 z ) ( 1−0.2 z )
−1 −1 −1

(a) Sketch the pole-zero patterns. Is the system stable?

(b)Determine the impulse response of the system.

Answer:
1 ± j √3 1 1
a) Z1,2 = , p 1= , p 2=
2 2 5
b) h(n) = Student should work the answer out.

5. Using the partial fraction expansion method, find the inverse of the
following Z-transforms.

1
a) X ( Z )= 2
Z −0.3 Z−0.004

Z
b) X ( Z )= ( Z−0.2 ) ( Z +0.4 )

Z
c) X ( Z )= ( 2
Z +0.2 ) (Z −Z +0.5)

Z (Z+ 0.5)
d) X ( Z )=
( Z−0. 1 )2 (Z −0.6)
6. Given the following difference equation with the input-output
relationship of a certain initially relaxed DSP system (all initial
conditions are zero).
y ( n )−0.4 y ( n−1 ) +0.2 y ( n−2 )=x ( n ) +0.5 x (n−1)
a) Find the impulse response sequence y (n) due to an impulse
sequenceδ (n).
b) Find the output response of the system when a unit step function
u(n) is applied.
Answer: 1.6845 u ( n ) +0.982 ( 0.5382 )n cos (n ×68.20 °−136.35)

7. Find y (n) if
Z2 (Z +1)
Y ( Z )=
(Z−1)(Z2 −z+ 0.5)
Answer: x ( n )=4 u ( n )−3.1623 ( 0.7071 )n cos(45 ° n−161.57 °)u(n)

8. Find x (n) if:

Z2
X ( Z )=
( Z−1 ) ( Z−0.5 )2

Answer: x ( n )=4 u ( n )−4 ( 0.5 )n u ( n )−2( n) ( 0.5 )n u(n)