Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

Name: ______________________________________ Section: __________________________

Subject Teacher: _________________________

APPLIED MATHEMATICS 8

I. Title of the activity: Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities in Two Variables
(1) define and describe systems of linear equation using practical situations and
mathematical expressions and
(2) identify which given systems of linear equations have graphs that are parallel, that
intersect and that coincide.

II. Materials: pen, activity sheet and module

Quarter 2, Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities in

Week 4: Two Variables

III. Instruction: This activity sheet focused explaining the key concepts of Linear Equations and

Inequalities that involves two variables. Below are the activities with regards to this topic. Read

the directions of every activity and answer what are asked.

IV. Pre-Assessment (TRUE or FALSE)

Direction: Read the questions in every item carefully and tell whether the statement is true or

false.

If the statement is correct write T and if it is not, write F. Write your answer in a

separate
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

sheet of paper.

1. A system of linear equations is inconsistent if it has at least one solution.

2. The solution of system of linear equations may be a graph of a point, a line or none

at all.

3. If the graph intersects at one point then, the system is consistent and independent.

4. The graph of a linear function must always have lines with points in common.

5. Systems of equations are also known as continuous equations.

6. One of the two variables in system of linear equation is an ordered pair.

7. A dependent system of a linear equation is consistent and dependent system.

8. Independent system must have infinite solutions.

9. A system of linear equation with no solution is called inconsistent system.

10. The ordered pair must satisfy the two different equations to make the linear

function true.

It’s Time to Read!

A system of linear equations in two variables refers to two or more linear equations

involving two unknowns, for which, values are sought that are common solutions of the equations

involved.

The following is an example of a system of a linear equation in two variables:

x – y = -1 (Equation 1)

2x + y (Equation 2)
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

The solution to a system of linear equations in two variables is an ordered pair that

makes both equations true. For instance, the solution of the given system is (1, 2) because both

equations are true when x = 1 and y = 2, as shown below:

For Equation 1 :

x – y = -1 ; (1,2)

1 – 2 = -1

- 1 = -1

For Equation 2:

2x + y = 4; (1,2)

2 (1) + 2 = 4

2+2=4

4=4

This implies that the point (1,2) is a common point of the lines whose equations are x –

y = -1 and 2x + y = 4. Hence, (1,2) is the point of intersection of the lines.

Note that the point (-1,0) satisfies the Equation 1, but not the equation 2.

For Equation 1

x – y = -1 ; (-1, 0)

-1 – 0 = -1

-1 = -1 (TRUE)
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

For Equation 2

2x + y = 4; (-1, 0)

2 (-1) + 0 = 4

Thus, (-1, 0) is not a solution of the system.

EXAMPLE 1. Determine whether the given point is a solution of the given system of linear

equations.

a. (3, -1) b. (-1, -3)

a–b=4 2u – v = 1

b = -2a + 5 2u + v = 5

SOLUTION.

Unless otherwise stated in a problem, it is understood that an alphabetical order is to be

observed.

a. a – b = 4; (3, -1) b = -2a + 5 ; (3, -1)

3 – (-1) = 4 -1 = -2(3) +5

4 = 4 (TRUE) -1 = -6 + 5

-1 = -1 (TRUE)

The substitution yielded two are true statements. Hence, (3, -1) is a solution of the given

system of linear equations.

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

b. 2u – v = 1; (-1, -3) 2u + v = 5; (-1, -3)

2(-1) – (-3) = 1 2(-1) + (-3) = 5

-2 + 3 = 1 -2 – 3 = 5

1 = 1 (TRUE) -5 = 5 (FALSE)

The substitution did not yield two true statements. Hence, (-1, -3) is not a solution of the

system.

DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS

Geometrically, a solution of system of linear equations may be a graph of a point, a line or

none at all.

These three possibilities are illustrated in the following cases.

CASE 1. The lines intersect at a point.

An example of this system is

x = -2y + 3

y = 2x + 4
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

The graphs of the system show that the lines intersect at (-1 , 2). This system is an example of

consistent and independent system.

CONSISTENT SYSTEM

A system of linear equations is consistent if it has at least one solution.

If their graphs have one point of intersection, then the system is consistent and

independent. That is, if m1 and m2 are slopes of the liens, and m 1 ≠ m 2 .

CASE 2. The lines coincide.

An example of this system is

y = 2x – 4

3y = 6x – 12

The graphs of the system show that the lines have infinitely many points in common.

This system is an example of consistent and dependent system.

DEPENDENT SYSTEM

A system of linear equations is consistent and dependent if it has infinitely many

solutions. Their graphs coincide. If m1 and b 1 are also known as the slope and y-intercept of the

first equation, respectively, and m2 and b 2 are the slope and y-intercept of the other equation,

respectively then m1= m 2 and b 1= b 2.

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

CASE 3. The lines are parallel.

An example of this system is

x + 2y = 3

2x + 4y = 16

The graphs of the system show that the lines have no point in common. This is an

example of an inconsistent system.

INCONSISTENT SYSTEM

A system of linear equations is inconsistent if it has no solution. Their graphs are

parallel. If m1 and b 1 are the slope and y-intercept of one equation, respectively, and m2 and b 2 are

the slope and y-intercept of the other equation, respectively, then m1=m2 and b 1 ≠ b2 .

EXAMPLE 2. Without graphing the pair of equations, determine whether the graphs are parallel,

intersecting, or coinciding.

a. x + 2y = 8 b. 2x + 3y = -6 c. 2x – 3y = -6

2x – 3y = 2 4x + 6y = 12 4x + 6y = 12

SOLUTION.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

Use the slope-intercept form to find m and b.

a. x + 2y = 8 2x – 3y = 2

2y = -x + 8 - 3y = -2x + 2

y = -1/2x + 4 y = 2/3x – 2/3

m = -1/2, b = 4 m = 2/3 , b = -2/3

Since the slopes are not equal, the system is consistent and independent. Therefore, the

lines are intersecting.

b. 2x + 3y = -6 4x + 6y = 12

3y = -2x – 6 6y = -4x + 12

y = -2/3x – 2 y = -2/3 + 2

m = -2/3 , b = -2 m = -2/3 , b = 2

Since the slopes are equal but the y-intercepts are not, the system is inconsistent.

Hence, the lines are parallel.

c. 2x – 3y = -6 -x + 3/2y = 3

- 3y = -2x – 6 3/2y = x + 3
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

y = 2/3x + 2 y = 2/3x + 2

m = 2/3, b = 2 m = 2/3, b = 2

Since the slopes and the y-intercepts are equal, the system is consistent and dependent.

Thus, the lines coincide.

MATH FYI

Systems of equations are also known as simultaneous equations because these equations

represent a conjunction of conditions, which are to be satisfied “simultaneously”.

TRY THIS!

Direction: Determine whether the given point is a solution of the given system of linear

equations. Write your answer and solution in a separate sheet of paper. (SHOW YOUR SOLUTION)

1. y = 3x – 1 2. 2x + y – 12 = 0 3. 3x + 3 = 2y

y = -2x + 1 x–y+1=0 4 – 5y = -4x

(1, 2) (4,4) (-1, 0)

Prepared by:
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
AGUSAN DEL SUR NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

JAMAICA C. MARTIL