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  • Digestion and Absorption of Macronutrients

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    Muhammad Usman FastNU
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    This document summarizes the digestion and absorption of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) in the human digestive system: 1) Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth and primarily occurs in the small intestine. Starch is broken down into sugars that are absorbed. Fiber passes to the large intestine. 2) Protein digestion begins in the mouth and stomach and is completed in the small intestine where amino acids are absorbed. 3) Fat digestion begins in the mouth and primarily occurs in the small intestine where bile breaks fats into fatty acids for absorption. Undigested fats pass through the large intestine.

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    This document summarizes the digestion and absorption of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) in the human digestive system: 1) Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth and primarily occurs in the small intestine. Starch is broken down into sugars that are absorbed. Fiber passes to the large intestine. 2) Protein digestion begins in the mouth and stomach and is completed in the small intestine where amino acids are absorbed. 3) Fat digestion begins in the mouth and primarily occurs in the small intestine where bile breaks fats into fatty acids for absorption. Undigested fats pass through the large intestine.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    27 views3 pages

    Digestion and Absorption of Macronutrients

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Usman FastNU
    This document summarizes the digestion and absorption of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) in the human digestive system: 1) Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth and primarily occurs in the small intestine. Starch is broken down into sugars that are absorbed. Fiber passes to the large intestine. 2) Protein digestion begins in the mouth and stomach and is completed in the small intestine where amino acids are absorbed. 3) Fat digestion begins in the mouth and primarily occurs in the small intestine where bile breaks fats into fatty acids for absorption. Undigested fats pass through the large intestine.

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    of 3

    Aisha Atique

    DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF


    MACRONUTRIENTS

    Carbohydrates

    Large Intestine
    Small Intestine Fiber and other
    Mouth Stomach
    Majority of starch indigestible
    digestion and carbohydrates are
    The enzyme salivary
    Salivary amylase is breakdown of partially broken
    amylase begins
    inactivated and no disaccharides occur down by bacteria to
    breaking down
    further carbohydrate here. Pancreatic form short chain
    starch into shorter
    digestion occurs. amylase breaks down fatty acids and gas.
    polysaccharides.
    starch into mono,di The remaining fiber
    and oligosaccharides. is excreted in the
    feces.
    Aisha Atique

    Proteins

    Chewing starts the mechanical breakdown of protien.


    Mouth

    The chemical digestion of protien begins from HCL and the enzyme pepsin.
    Stomach

    Polypeptides are broken down into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides by
    protien digesting enzymes secreted from pancreas.
    Amino acids are transported to mucosal cell and then pass into the blood and
    Small travel to liver which regulates the distribution of amino acids in body.
    Intestine Small amount of dietary protiens is lost in feces .

    No digestion of protiens occur.


    Large
    Intestine

    Fats
    Aisha Atique

    Small intestine
    It combines bile
    with separated
    Stomach fats. The small
    Mouth It turns intestine is very
    triacylglycerols efficient in Large
    Saliva contains absorbing fat so
    enzymes that
    into diglycerides
    very little is
    Intestine
    and fatty acids.
    begin breaking There is limited normally No digestion of
    down the fat in enzymatic excreted in feces. fats occurs here.
    your food. digestion by After digestion,
    gastric lipases. fatty acids are
    passed to lymph
    system for useful
    purposes.

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