Ms. Krishally Joy O.

Patalinjug
BSPH-1101 Writing Lewis Structure ORGANIC
|| Feb. 2022
CHEMISTRY LEC
Transcribers: Juliah Aiza E. Balindong
Liceo de Cagayan University-Paseo de Rio Campus-College of Pharmacy

KEYWORDS 3. Draw a single bond and subtract 2 e⁻ from the total for
each bond to find the remaining number of e⁻
Single bond = 2 electron
NF₃ = 6-26=20 e⁻ CO₃²⁻ = 24-6=18e⁻
Lewis Structure
LEWIS STRUCTURE

- Shows relative position of atoms in the molecule or

polyatomic ion, as well as the placement of shared and
unshared electron pairs 4. Distribute the remaining electrons in pairs so that each
- Shows electron-dot symbols for the atoms atom ends up with 8e- (or 2 e- for H).
- Bonding pairs as lines; whereas the lone pairs (non
bonding electrons) as pair of dots NF₃ = 20 – 16= 2 e- CO₃²⁻ = 18-18 = 0 e-
- Lewis Structure does not indicate shape of a molecule -
Hydrogen can never be a center atom
Commonly used atoms with their Valence electrons
C–4
H–1
O–6
All outer atoms are stable, now we are going to distribute the 2 e- for
N–5
X (halogens) – 7
S–6
P–5
Molecule examples: Polyatomic ions example:
NF₃ CO₂⁻
NaCl NO₃⁻ N Now, all atoms are stable
CO₂
5. 5. If a central atom does not end up with an octet, change a
lone pair on a surrounding atom into another bonding pair
Atoms and their required bonds to the central atom, thus forming a multiple bond.
H – 1 bond
C – 4 bonds
N – 3 bonds
O = 2 bonds
X = 1 bond
STEPS IN WRITING LEWIS STRUCTURES

1. Place atom with the lower group number or higher period

number in the center. Usually, the atom with the lowest
2. Determine the total number of valence e a. For
EN molecules, add up the valence e- of the atoms NF3
Example:
N = 1 x 5 = 5 e⁻
NF₃ → N has the lowest EN because F is the highest EN
F = 3 x 7 = 21 e⁻
So,
5 + 21 = 26 e⁻
b. For polyatomic ions, add one e- for each negative
charge, or subtract one e- for each positive charge. CO₃²⁻
C = 1 x 4 = 4 e⁻
O = 3 x 6 = 18 e⁻
4+18 = 22 e⁻, then add 2 since it has 2⁻ All atoms are now stable
2+22 = 24 e⁻
 Always put bracket for polyatomic ions

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[SUB] 1.01 TITLE OF LECTURE – Dr. Professor

1. C2H4

All atoms are stable

3. NH3O

All atoms are stable

2. N2 4. C2H6O
 atoms are stable

All

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