CHAPTER FOUR

ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF RESULT

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Having discussed relevant issues and established a credible empirical

framework that underpins the focus of the study, we present the following results

obtained from utilizing the various methodological investigations stated in this

chapter. A total of 100 questionnaires were administered out strictly to male and

female respondents of which the researcher was able to retrieve all the instruments

used and this represent 100% participation of the respondents based on the

distributed questionnaire. Hence, the data analysis was conducted using simple

percentage (%) statistical techniques to test the frequency of the personal data of

the respondents and the frequencies of their responses to the research questions.

This was to ensure simplicity and clarity of the responses.

4.1.2 DATA ON SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARATERISTICS

TABLE 1: AGE OF THE RESPONDENTS

Age Response Frequency Percentage
10 years 30 30
11-14 years 52 52
15-18 18 18
Total 100 100
Source: Fieldwork 2016

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 From the table 1 above, the result shows the age of the respondents. The result therefore

revealed that respondents who were 10 years accounted for 30% of the population, respondents

who were between 11 to 14 years accounted for 52% of the population, respondents who were

between 15 to 18 years accounted for 18% of the population. This shows that the respondents

who were between 11 to 14 years accounted for more than half of the population.

TABLE 2: SEX OF THE RESPONDENTS

Sex Response Frequency Percentage
Male 35 35
Female 65 65
Total 100 100
Source: Fieldwork 2016

From the table 2 above, the result shows the sex of the respondents. The result therefore

revealed that there were more females than males, as males accounted for 35% of the population

while females accounted for 65% of the population.

TABLE 3: RELIGION OF THE RESPONDENTS

Religion Response Frequenc Percentage
y
Christian 88 88
African traditional
religion 12 12

Total 100 100

Source: Fieldwork 2016

From the table 3 above, the result shows the religion of the respondents. 88% of the

respondents were Christians, while 12% of the respondents belonged to the African traditional

religion.

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TABLE 4: EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF THE RESPONDENTS
Education Response Frequency Percentage
No formal education 30 30
Primary education 47 47
Secondary education 23 23
Total 100 100
Source: Fieldwork 2016

From the table 4 above, the result shows the educational level of the respondents. 30% of

the respondents had no formal education, 47% of the respondents had primary education, while

23% of the respondents had secondary school education.

TABLE 5: CLASS OF THE RESPONDENTS

Education Response Frequency Percentage
Primary 20 20
Secondary 54 54
None 26 26
Total 100 100
Source: Fieldwork 2016

From the table 5 above, the result shows the class of the respondent. 20% of the respondent are

in the primary class and 54% of the respondent are in the secondary class while 26% of the

respondents from the population had no class classification (None).

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4.2 SECTION B: THE IMPACT OF CHILD STREET TRADING ON THE

NIGERIAN CHILD

Section B will be analyzed using the research questions of the study in

drawing the various tables and interpreting the responses gotten from the field.

4.2.1 RESEARCH QUESTION ONE: WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES

WITH CHILD STREET TRADING IN ANIOCHIA SOUTH, LOCAL
GOVERNMENT DELTA STATE?

Table 4.2.1: HEALTH

S/N Items Number Mean Standard Decision

deviation

1. Children sustain injury

due to motor accident 100 1.10 0.46 Accepted
from hawking on the
street

2. Most parents lack of

supervision during 100 2.28 1.03 Accepted
child’s drug addiction

3. Children are sometimes

involved in early and 100 2.15 0.82 Accepted
unwanted pregnancy

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 4. Children suffer sexually
transmitted diseases 100 2.07 0.91 Accepted
like Hiv etc

HEALTH 1.9 0.81 Accepted

N = 100, Criterion mean = 2.0 Aggregate mean = 1.9 (Accept)

Table 4.2.1 shows a calculated mean value of 1.9 and a standard deviation of 0.81, with a test

value of 2.0. From this analysis, the mean value is less than the test of value which therefore

means that street trading has an effect on the health of children.

RESEARCH QUESTION TWO: IS SOCIAL DEPRIVATION AN IMPACT

OF CHILD STREET TRADING?
TABLE 4.2.2: DEPRIVATION

S/N Items Number Mean Standard Decision

deviation

1. Most children have been

Accepte
deprived of their childhood and their 100 2.02 1.11
d
dignity

2. The opportunity to participate in school

activities is being deprived because of 100 2.18 0.77 Accepted
street hawking

My parents have deprived me from

3. establishing my own significant life 100 2.19 0.83 Accepted
values

I have experienced deprivation of my

4. 100 2.44 1.11 Accepted
right

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 SOCIAL
DEPRIVATION 2.21 0.96 Accepted
N = 100, Criterion mean = 2.0 Aggregate mean = 2.21 (Accept)

Table 4.2.2 shows a calculated mean value of 2.21 and a standard deviation of 0.96, with a test
value of 2.0. From this analysis, the mean value is higher than the test of value which therefore
means that street trading has an effect on the level of deprivation among children.

RESEARCH QUESTION THREE: DOES CHILD STREET TRADING

HAVE AN IMPACT ON CHILDRENS EDUCATION IN ANIOCHA SOUTH
LOCAL GOVERNMENT, DELTA STATE?
Table 4.2.3: FINANCIAL ISSUE

S/N Items Number Mean Standard Decision

deviation

1. My parents find it difficult to train me in 100 2.04 0.86

Accepted
school due to their financial status

I do not always concentrate in school

2. because I need to earn a living in other to 100 2.13 0.68 Accepted
survive

3. Children carryout street hawking activities

100 2.02 1.04
at the expense of schooling Accepted

4. Children end up being school dropout 100 2.43 1.09 Accepted

because of low concentration in school

POOR EDUCATION 2.16 0.93 Accepted

N = 100, Criterion mean = 2.0 Aggregate mean = 2.16

Table 4.2.3 shows a calculated mean value of 2.16 and a standard deviation of 0.93, with a test

value of 2.0. From this analysis, the mean value is higher than the test of value which therefore

means that street trading has an effect on the education children.

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RESEARCH QUESTION FOUR: WHAT ARE THE PSYCHOLOGICAL
PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH CHILD STREET TRADING?
TABLE 4.2.4: PSYCHOLOGYCAL

S/N Items Number Mean Standard Decision

deviation

Children wish they were

100 1.93 0.89
1. the same with other Accepted
peers

I often feel
unappreciated,
2. 100 2.23 0.75 Accepted
disconnected and
misunderstood

Children lack a sense of

100 2.29 0.90
3. change or development Accepted

My parents/guardians
4. Accepted
expects too much from 100 2.50 1.05
me

PSYCHOLOGYCAL 2.24 0.90 Accepted

PROBLEM
N = 100, Criterion mean = 2.0 Aggregate mean = 2.24 (Accept)

Table 4.2.2 shows a calculated mean value of 2.24 and a standard deviation of 0.90, with a test

value of 2.0. From this analysis, the mean value is higher than the test of value which therefore

means that street trading has a psychological effect on children.

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 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 SUMMARY

This study was aimed at examining the impact of Child Street trading on the Nigerian

child. Child hawking is the abuse of a child by either parents/guardian. This study emphasizes on

how hawking affects the life of children both men and women.

It was discovered that majority of these children were female having 65%, while only

35% males, thereby exposing these female children to all sought of risk and deprivation of their

rights. It was discovered in this study that environmental factor is also one of the factors to be

considered. This means that the environment where this children find themselves determine the

level and children’s involvement in street trading. Furthermore, 50% of the respondents agreed

that street trading affects the education of these children and as way of surviving they have to

indulge in street trading, thereby resulting to set back in their academic pursuit.

Finally, it was discovered that poverty and inability of their parents to provide for them

lured majority of these children into street trading, which ended up many in early marriage as a

result of unwanted pregnancy and others into premature death.

5.2 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

One of the problems encountered during this study was the lack of proper communication

between the researcher and the respondents. Which affected the proper flow of communication,

and also resulted to the researcher not getting adequate information from the respondents about

the problem of street trading?

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 Another problem that was encountered in this study was the issue of understanding which

the children had on the issue of street trading. Finally the researcher also encounters the problem

of finance, in the aspect of transportation etc.

5.3 CONCLUSION

A country like Nigeria, with human and natural resources should have no issue with the

ugly maniac of property and child abuse which occurs from street trading. However relevant

authorities in Nigeria should take up the challenges and pace in settling this problem in more

practical ways and approach towards eradicating child abuse most especially street trading from

our society.

Few years ago, most nations of the world under the auspices of the United Nation came

together and moved a declaration that henceforth, the right of children all over the world should

be protected from all forms of abuse. This declaration was never binding until the 20 th day of

November, 1989, when UN general assembly adopted the Convention of the Right of the Child

(CRC).

Nigeria should not be seen among the committee to nations as not putting enough to

enforce this proclamation. The time is ripe for Nigeria to leap frog from poverty and child

hawking and take it enviable places in Africa and the world at large.

5.4 RECOMMENDATION

Based on the investigation of this study, it was observed that in a society like Nigeria, the

involvement of average Nigerian child into street trading is a product of the nature of the

organizational social structure. On this note, the following recommendations were made;

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i. There is general belief that child hawking is inevitable, government should try and

establish programmes so as to enhance growth and development of every Nigerian

child.

ii. Government should also provide job opportunities for every Nigerians, and by so

doing the burden on Nigerian child will definitely reduce. This is because an average

Nigerians survive by hawking.

iii. Government should also establish an agency to take charge of arresting street traders

on the road. At least, it will help to reduce street trading and child abuse in Nigeria.

iv. Government should also organize programmes, whereby most of these children can

be given scholarship award. It was discovered that most of them were brilliant, but do

not have the financial mean to afford a quality education.

v. Parents should also try as much as possible to reduce the rate of child birth, so as to

reduce the level of poverty in Nigeria.

vi. The goals set up by the society itself often affects and result to hawking; the society

should also try to restructure itself, so that every individual can also benefit from it.

This restructuring can only be achieved through the coming together of both adults

and youths of the society to take a particular decision that will help to move the

society forward.

vii. The society can also organize seasonal programmes, whereby children can receive

scholarship, such as community award. This will help to enhance proper development

and the upbringing of the Nigerian child.

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