Department of Aerospace Engineering

Sub: Aerodynamics-I AST-261

TUTORIAL SHEETS (BASED ON LECTURE OF THE WEEK)

Tutorial Sheet-1
1. Consider an NACA 2412 airfoil. The following is a tabulaion of the lift, drag, and moment coefficients
about the quarter chord for this airfoil, as a function of angle of attack. Evaluate from this table, plot on
graph paper the variation of xcp/c as a function of α.

𝜶𝜶(𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅) 𝒄𝒄𝒍𝒍 𝒄𝒄𝒅𝒅 𝒄𝒄𝒎𝒎,𝒄𝒄/𝟒𝟒

-2.0 0.05 0.006 -0.042
0 0.25 0.006 -0.040
2.0 044 0.006 -0.038
4.0 0.64 0.007 -0.036
6.0 0.85 0.0075 -0.036
8.0 1.08 0.0092 -0.036
10.0 1.26 0.0115 -0.034
12.0 1.43 0.0150 -0.030
14.0 1.560 0.0186 0.025
2. Find the vorticity of the following flows.
(a) V = c(x + y)i − c(x + y)j,
(b) V = (x + y + z + t)i + 2(x + y + z + t)j − 3(x + y + z + t)k,
r2
(c) ur = uθ = 0, un = ( − 1)
a2
3. A sail plane of wing span 18 m, aspect ratio 16 and taper ratio 0.3 is in level fight at an altitude where the
relative density is 0.7. The true air speed measured by an error free air speed indicator is 116 km/h. The
lift and drag acting on the wing are 3920 N and 160 N, respectively. The pitching moment coefficient
about the quarter chord point is −0.03. Calculate the mean chord and the lift and drag coefficients, based
on the wing area and mean chord. Also, calculate the pitching moment about the leading edge of the
wing.
4. Consider the nonlifting flow over a circular cylinder. Derive an expression for the pressure
coefficient at an arbitrary point (r,θ) in this flow, and show that it reduces to Cp = 1 − 4 sin2 θ on
the surface of the cylinder.

Semester: IV Session Jan-May 2020

 Department of Aerospace Engineering

Sub: Aerodynamics-I AST-261

TUTORIAL SHEETS (BASED ON LECTURE OF THE WEEK)
Tutorial Sheet-2
1. The NACA 4412 airfoil has a mean camber line given by

Part-I: Using thin airfoil theory, calculate a) 𝛼𝛼𝐿𝐿=0 b) 𝐶𝐶𝑙𝑙 when 𝛼𝛼 = 30 .

Part-II: For the same aerofoil, calculate 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 ,𝑐𝑐/4 and 𝑥𝑥𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 /𝑐𝑐 when 𝛼𝛼 = 30 .

2. Consider the lifting flow over a circular cylinder with a diameter of 0.5 m (density is 0.9092
kg/m3). The freestream velocity is 25 m/s, and the maximum velocity on the surface of the
cylinder is 75 m/s. The freestream conditions are those for a standard altitude of 3 km.
Calculate the lift per unit span on the cylinder.
3. a) Transform the straight lines, parallel to the x-axis in the physical plane, with the
transformation function ζ = 1/z.

b) Find the transformation of the uniform flow parallel to the y-axis, in the z-plane, using
the transformation function ζ = 𝑧𝑧 2 .

4. The measured lift slope for the NACA 23012 airfoil is 0.1080 degree−1, and α L =0 =−1.3
degree. Consider a finite wing using this airfoil, with AR = 8 and taper ratio = 0.8. Assume
that δ = τ. Calculate the lift and induced drag coefficients for this wing at a geometric angle
of attack = 7degree.

Semester: IV Session Jan-May 2020

 Department of Aerospace Engineering

Sub: Aerodynamics-I AST-261

TUTORIAL SHEETS (BASED ON LECTURE OF THE WEEK)
Tutorial Sheet-3
1. Given: A lifting cylinder of radius 2 feet is experiencing a lift force of 8 pounds per foot in a
freestream with a velocity of 20 ft/s. Assume steady, incompressible, inviscid flow at standard
conditions. Required: (a) What is the circulation about this cylinder? (b) Where are the stag-
nation points located on the cylinder? (c) What is the maximum velocity on the surface of the
cylinder? (d) What is the value of the pressure coefficient on the bottom of the cylinder?

2. a) A certain body has the shape of Rankine’s half-body of maximum thickness of 0.5 m. If this body is to
be placed in an air stream of velocity 30 m/s, find the source strength required simulating flow around the
body?
b) Consider the lifting flow over a circular cylinder. The lift coefficient is 5. Calculate the peak (negative)
pressure coefficient.

3. Consider the lifting flow over a circular cylinder of a given radius and with a given circulation. If
V∞ is doubled, keeping the circulation the same, does the shape of the streamlines change?
Explain.
4. Discuss the Conformal mapping and explain the transformation of Circle to Ellipse with diagram.

Semester: IV Session Jan-May 2020

 Department of Aerospace Engineering

Sub: Aerodynamics-I AST-261

TUTORIAL SHEETS (BASED ON LECTURE OF THE WEEK)
Tutorial Sheet-4

1. Air with a speed of 60 km ph is blowing over a flat plate aligned with the flow direction. Calculate the (i)
Boundary layer (ii) Displacement (iii) Momentum thickness for a point 30 cm from the leading edge.
Assume the velocity profile in the boundary layer as follows Kinematic viscosity of air may be assumed
as 15mm2/s.
2. Calculate the drag force on each side of a thin smooth plat 2 m long and 1 m wide the length parallel to a
flow of fluid moving at 30 m/s. The density of the fluid is 800 kg/m3 and the dynamics viscosity is 0.008.
3. Oil having viscosity of 1.43 poise and specific gravity of 0.9 flows through a pipe, 2.5 cm diameter and
300 cm long, at one tenth of the critical velocity for which Reynold number is 2500. Find a) the velocity
of flow through the pipe, b) the head loss in metes of oil across the pipe length required to maintain the
flow, c) power required to overcome the viscous resistance of flow of oil.
4. A wing tunnel has a wooden (𝜀𝜀 = 0.0001𝑚𝑚) rectangular section 40 cm by 1 m by 50 m long. The
average velocity is 45 m/s for air at sea level standard conditions. Find the power required if the fan has
65 percent efficiency. For sir, 𝜌𝜌 = 1.2 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘/𝑚𝑚3 , 𝜇𝜇 = 1.81 𝑥𝑥 10−5 kg/m.s.

Semester: IV Session Jan-May 2020

 Department of Aerospace Engineering

Sub: Aerodynamics-I AST-261

TUTORIAL SHEETS (BASED ON LECTURE OF THE WEEK)
Tutorial Sheet-5
1. Part-I : Consider the incompressible viscous flow of air between two infinitely long parallel plates
separated by a distance h. The bottom plate is stationary, and the top plate is moving at the constant
velocity ue in the direction of the plate. Assume that no pressure gradient exists in the flow direction.
a) Obtain an expression for the variation of velocity between the plates.
b) If T = constant = 320 K, ue = 30 m/s, and h = 0.01 m, calculate the shear stress on the top and bottom
plates.
Part-2: Assume that the two parallel plates as discussed in part one are both stationary but that a constant
pressure gradient exists in the flow direction (i.e., dp/dx = constant).
a) Obtain an expression for the variation of velocity between the plates.
b) Obtain an expression for the shear stress on the plates in terms of dp/dx.

2. Estimate the boundary-layer thickness in the stagnation zone of (i) a circular cylinder of 120-mm
diameter in a wind tunnel at a flow speed of 20 m/s, and (ii) the leading edge of a Boeing 747 wing with
a leading edge radius of 150 mm at a flight speed of 250 m/s.
3. A cylinder 80 mm diameter and 200 mm long is placed in stream of fluid flowing at 0.5 m/s. The axis of
the cylinder is normal to the direction of flow. The density of the fluid is 800 kg/m3. The drag force is
measured and found to be 30 N.

Semester: IV Session Jan-May 2020