FINAL EXAM

Sample questions

Unit 2 Mixed conditionals

The influence of media on public opinion
1. What are some ways that the media show that they are biased or fair?
The purpose of the media is to communicate with the truth, but according to
their type of ideology they can specialize in: informing, educating, transmitting,
entertaining, teaching, controlling, among others, however, several media are
partial and fair.
A means of communication will only guarantee truthful and effective information;
however, they are persecuted by the State for denouncing the irregularities that
occur. In my opinion, the media is biased because it shows the truth.

Television
It is part of the conventional media, which are those that are disseminated
massively. This is one of the most important means of visual communication
due to its easy access, allowing millions of people around the world to use it
immediately and easily.
Radio
It has been considered the most massive and important means of
communication of all and even in the era of new technologies it continues to
occupy its place of importance. It is the medium with the greatest reach, since it
reaches all social classes free of charge and with greater coverage capacity.

The press
the press began to become the most important medium for journalism and the
communication of opinion to the masses. The printed press bases its
maintenance on advertising, due to the high cost of materials, now the digital
press has allowed to inform at lower costs and with greater immediacy.

2. Do you pay attention to the news? How do you get the news? How do you
know a news story is accurate?
In my opinion, the news is important to know what is happening in my country or
in the world.
If I pay attention to the news from my country. I know how to read the news on
social networks. Sometimes I receive the news through different media such as
radio, television or newspapers
I check the news from different media and pages to know if the news is real or
false.
The Web
Today the web or the Internet is considered a means of mass communication
due to its great expansion and impact on society, it was initially conceived as a
military telecommunications system, but it overflowed in such a way that it
became popular and reached All public. Creating a virtual territory without
cultural or political barriers, although technological. Unlike the other media, it is
still difficult to define it in its entirety because of everything it encompasses.
Its characteristics are: decentralized, horizontal, open, borderless, immediate,
anonymous, bidirectional and commercial structure.

3. How do you use a particular type of media? Would you recommend this
type of media to others?
The media have a global reach that transmit messages or information on social,
economic, environmental problems, among others.
I used to watch television as a means of communication to inform me of the
news both in my country and in the world in general. Now I use social media but
sometimes they are not reliable so I have to research and check different
websites. And yes, I recommend these means, but it is always better to
investigate and verify that the information is true.

I prefer to use means of communication that I follow on social networks

because you can find out the news faster, for example on my Facebook I
always have news from cnn, bbc or dw, which for me are the means that best
provide news and always update the news.

4. What is an important event that happened in your past? If that event

hadn't happened, how would your life be different now?
I remember that when I was 16 years old, I graduated from school and my
father gave me a trip to see all of Ecuador, of which I only know half... if my
father had not given me that trip, I would not have known Cuenca, but It
happened and now I live in Cuenca, if I hadn't stayed living in Cuenca maybe I
would have continued in Galapagos working in Metropolitan Touring as an
accounting assistant.

Unit 3 Modals of probability

Hacking: A computer crime on the rise
5. How do you protect personal information like computer passwords?
You must choose strong passwords
Because a complex password will prevent the theft of your personal data. You
must choose a password that includes uppercase, lowercase, symbols and
numbers; and should not include birth dates, anniversaries, or phone numbers.
Also, it is not recommended to use the same password on all accounts. You
cannot share your usernames and passwords with anyone; and you should
change them at least every two months on all your accounts to reduce the
chance of becoming a victim of cybercrime.
You must be careful with the information you share on your social
networks.
It is important to establish limits in our social networks and configure the privacy
of all your accounts so that the information you publish in them is only seen by
your contacts and not by strangers. You should not publish information related
to where you live, address or telephone. By posting private information, we are
more vulnerable to data loss, hackers, tracking and identity theft. Also, you
should not accept unknown people on social networks because they can be
fake profiles that steal data.
You must use antivirus
You should use antivirus programs to protect your computer. It is important to
schedule them to update frequently to protect your files and the information
stored in them.

6. What are some ways to prevent hackers from stealing personal

information?
It is very important not to have too much information in our accounts
because if the hackers got my account, they won't post anything important
about me. If I put too much information on my accounts, hackers will post my
personal stuff. If I only put basic information in my accounts, hackers will
only know my name and where I live. That is why it is better to keep our
accounts or networks private so as not to have problems with hackers.

7. Why many employers read the employees’s e-mails and track their
Internect use? Mention 3 reasons.
Employers can read their employees' email to find out if they are IT specialists.
Employers review employee information to find out if employees have
committed illegal crimes of extorting insider information from a company.
The employer seeks the efficiency and reliability of his employees because he
is meticulous in reviewing their emails, since some employees could be
dishonest and try to access information over which only the boss has authority.
Employers can read their employees' email to see the company's business
usage.
When these companies hire employees, they may tell them that their work email
is not private.
If the company does not have this policy, the employer may have a legal right to
read employee emails.
The employee will treat their work email system as they would their business
phone.
The employee must limit his communications to work-related activities and not
access his personal email account on the company computer.
Use your work email only to send messages about work, you should not send
emails to your friends, this will avoid problems in the company.
 8. What activities will you do once this pandemic finishes? 
When the pandemic is over, I plan to do several things, first to finish my studies,
then to do my internship in the hotels in the city of Cuenca and I also want to
learn more languages like French I want to finish the last two subjects that I
have left of my degree and then study mandarin Chinese with YouTube I hope
to work in metropolitan touring I find it very interesting because I like the boats.

Unit 4: Passives
English is spoken here
9. Should everyone speak English? Why or why not?
Currently, English is considered the universal language par excellence, so it is
important to know how to speak and write.
English is used all over the world, and for many people learning it is necessary
for their personal and professional lives. For me it is important to know English
because I could have better workplaces where it is easier to communicate with
people from other countries. It is good for everyone to know many languages,
especially English. I feel that it is a plus in our lives if we want to travel and see
other places.

10. Why is English important to learn?

Learning English is important to me, each person has different reasons for
learning a new language and benefits from it differently according to their
interests.
Job opportunities
English is a fundamental requirement when applying for a professional job or
applying for a master's degree at a University, English gives access to a better
education and therefore there is the possibility of a better job. English is a very
useful language in any area as it is the language used in business all over the
world.
2. Education

A second reason to learn English is that you can access a better education,
without limitations. Today the universities or training centers of each country
require a minimum level of English
3. Travel
If you speak English, you open your world to new opportunities, you will be able
to get to know different countries and why not, go where you have always
dreamed of, a good reason to practice what you have learned. Speaking
English when you travel allows you to converse with people from all over the
world wherever you go.
4. Know the world better
English is the language of modernity and technology, to understand and
communicate with the majority of the world.
 11. How much important is English for your major? Support your answer on
the article entitled "English Language Skills Required by the Hospitality
and Tourism Sector in El Oro, Ecuador". 
English is essential in jobs that are in direct contact with tourists (hotel
receptionists, tour guides, etc.), but it also represents added value for the
employee who has contact with the guest at the hotel.
And of course, not only does it open the doors of local jobs for you, but it also
opens them wide if you decide to look for work in another country.
Tourism has become an essential factor that needs to be promoted by focusing
on improving English language proficiency in future professionals in this sector.
In this sense, students who specialize in Hospitality need to learn English
correctly to function effectively in the different areas of the hotel. The authors
review previous studies on some techniques used at the university level to
develop English skills in future tourism professionals.

Project I
12. What are three different changes that a specific area of your major has
experienced due to Covid-19?
Reduction of capacity and rules of social distancing. In the environments of
a lodging establishment, a social distance of one to two meters must be
maintained. To encourage this measure in public places, the use of signage or
other methods in the reception, lobby, elevators, lounges, restaurants and bars
should be considered.
Cleaning and disinfection protocols. Cleanliness is a critical factor. The
frequency of cleaning and disinfection of the entire hotel should be increased,
especially in high-traffic areas, such as the lobby, reception, stairs, elevators,
bathrooms, entrances - exits and restaurants. As for hotel rooms, it is
recommended to remove all decorative items, such as rugs, magazines,
brochures, cushions, etc.
New digital services. In order to reduce contact, the use of applications should
be promoted through mobile devices that allow entry, payment and exit records,
access to restaurant menus through QR codes to avoid having a physical
menu, as well as other services on the facilities and services of the hotel.

Unit 5: Relative clauses

Exercising for electricity
13. What are some alternative sources of energy (other than oil or coal)? Is
“people power” an efficient energy source? Why or why not?
Solar energy, as its name suggests, is that which we obtain from the sun. We can
distinguish between photovoltaic solar energy, which is the best known, and that
which is obtained from solar panels. These absorb solar radiation and transform
it into electricity, which can be stored in batteries or fed into the power grid to
 obtain surpluses. This is the easiest way to implement electricity self-
consumption for individuals thanks to the installation of solar panels. There is
also thermoelectric solar energy, where the focus is on the heat generated by the
sun to heat a fluid (water) that generates steam and drives a turbine that then
generates electricity
14. Talk about small or big changes people can make to help the environment.
Separate the garbage. From an early age it is good for children to learn to
separate waste so that it can be recycled. Teach them what goes into each
bucket and why it should be done that way.
Use products that can be reused. There are many products that can be used
multiple times to protect nature. For example, use cloth napkins instead of
paper napkins.
Turn off the lights. It seems obvious, but we do not realize how many times we
turn on the light in a room that we do not occupy. Get your children used to
turning off the light and when leaving the house check that everything is turned
off.
Eat organic fruits and vegetables. Organic products take care of the
environment because fertilizers or other polluting products are not used in their
preparation.
Avoid leaving electrical appliances plugged in. Remember that appliances
that are turned off but still plugged in consume energy, so it's important to
unplug them.
Close the faucets properly. When you don't use the water, turn off the tap and
check for leaks.

15. Talk about ways people can be green.

In different parts of the world people have taken actions to take care of the
environment. There are some things that can do from home to contribute to the care
of our planet, such as: separate garbage, put the blue recycling bag, black solid
waste, white toilet paper and red for spicy things like needles. Use products that are
reusable, such as glass jars, cloth napkins, bamboo straws. Don't use a lot of water
when showering, brushing your teeth, or washing dishes. Use organic products such
as solid shampoos that do not contain chemicals. Use led bulbs so as not to consume
a lot of energy. Recycle everything we can like clothes, books, toys, these things can
be sold or given away, now the use of second-hand objects and clothes is something
that is helping not to consume excessively because there are places full of textile
garbage. We must take advantage of natural light and being in green spaces is good
for our health. You can also use electric cars; these cars are not environmentally
friendly.

16. Are you a green person? How?

Helping the environment doesn't just mean recycling. I think we have to do several
things. for example, use natural products without chemicals. buy second-hand
clothes. use cloth covers. In technology, do not buy a cell phone every year because
it is the biggest pollution we have on our planet.
Unit 6: Would and Used to
Ice cream: A food revolution
17. What is your favorite ice cream flavor? How is ice cream today different
from ice cream in the past?
My favorite ice cream is vanilla flavor. I remember that my dad used to buy me
my ice cream and it was very simple. Today it has several presentations, they
put fruit and cheese on them and they are more striking.

18. How did people use to live before computers changed society? Was life better or
worse? Was it safer or more dangerous? In what ways?
19. How did people use to live before cars changed society? Was life better or
worse? Was it safer or more dangerous? In what ways?
20. How did people use to live before airplanes changed society? Was life better or
worse? Was it safer or more dangerous? In what ways?
21. How did people use to live before the Internet changed society? Was life better
or worse? Was it safer or more dangerous? In what ways?
22. How did people use to live before cellphones changed society? Was life
better or worse? Was it safer or more dangerous? In what ways?
Many things have changed in the lasts years, one of them is text messages, this
type of message has evolved in different ways. Most people just prefer to send
messages rather than talk on the phone. When cell phones first came out, long
text messages were sent, I remember that we used to reload 500 messages to
chat with other people. Those messages used to be special because we could
save them. Then we would start with the internet, we would made hotmail
accounts and we had the option to chat in real time, we sent something called
buzzing when the other person did not respond to the message, it was a lot of
fun. Finally, arrived what it is now used throughout the world whatsapp which is
undoubtedly an easy way to have a communication but I got to have a problem
because before we could not see if they read the message or were connected,
now this makes us anxious because we can see they do not respond and saw the
message or is online. Now you can also send voice messages or make video
calls, this has been something positive because people can communicate in a
better way. Everything that has evolved has its good and bad things, but it is up
to us how we use text messages for me, before they were more special than
today.

23. Share with us three different things you used to do when you were a child.
I remember that when I was 8 years old I did not like fish because it was hard
for me to find the bones, so when my mother prepared fish I would take my
bicycle and go to my grandfather's house and my grandfather would prepare
rice with an egg omelette my best lunch
I remember in my childhood I liked to play every day at 6 in the afternoon with
my neighbors we played soccer, burns, hide and seek, declared war on me
among other traditional games.
I also remember when I was 5 years old I liked to eat the rice that my father
made because I was drunk when my mother got angry with my father my
mother did not cook and it was my father's turn to cook, I ate everything but it
did not take long and I vomited in the carpet one day my dad punished me I
take a bath with a hose from a car that delivers water but I never liked rice
anyway.

Project II
24. What was your online event about?
The Luciana beer was made in 2017. That year began with the
commercialization of beer, during the first year three styles of beer were made,
in order to analyze the preferential tastes of consumers.
AMERICAN PALE ALE: This is a modern American beer adapted from English
Pale Ales. A pale gold.
BELGIAN GOLD ALE; It is a complex, effervescent and with strong Belgian-
style characteristics.
BLONDE ALE: The name says it all: blondes. Blonde beers are usually pale
yellow or golden in color. They have a light body, low bitterness, and a hoppy
aroma with some sweetness (due to the malt).
Belgian IPA-, these beers range from dark gold to light amber, with a dense
white foam. The fruity and citrus aromas stand out against the spicy notes of the
Belgian yeast. They are sparkler than other IPAs.
FOREIGN EXTRA STOUT This is a very dark, moderately strong, fairly dry
Stout with prominent roast flavors. Moderate to high roasted bean aromas, often
with hints of coffee.
The price of the Luciana beer is 2 dollars per unit, and the price of the serving
varies if it is purchased for more than 100 beers, the mode of marketing is
through Facebook, the young Jefferson Cabrera is the same person who is in
charge of beer deliveries. He travels from Limón to Cuenca to do his tricks in
the different stores, bars, etc. that are in Cuenca.