SOCSCI032

THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa
Does the picture speak of realities in the Philippines and the world? If these pictures will form a collage, what will be its primary message?
GLOBALIZATION
prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa
INTRODUCTION

There was a time were most regions were economically self-sufficient. Locally
produced foods, fuels and raw materials were generally processed for local
consumption. Trade between different regions were quite limited

Today, the economies of most countries are so interconnected that they form part
of a single, interdependent global economy.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

INTRODUCTION

Globalization is arguably the most important factor currently shaping the world
economy. Although it is not a new phenomenon (waves of globalization can be
traced back to the 1800s) the changes it is bringing about now occur far more
rapidly, spread more widely and have a much greater business, economic and
social impact than ever before.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

What is Globalization?
 Globalization
THERE ARE MANY SCHOLARS GAVE AND TRIED TO FORMULATE ITS DEFINITIONS.

IT ENCOMPASSES A MULTITUDE OF PROCESSES

THAT INVOLVES THE ECONOMY, POLITICAL

SYSTEMS, AND CULTURE.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

 Globalization
IT HAS GAINED MANY CONNOTIONS PERTAINING TO

PROGRESS, DEVELOPMENT,

AND INTEGRATION.
prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa
 Globalization
OTHERS MAY SAW GLOBALIZATION AS A

"POSITIVE PHENOMENON".

ON THE OTHER HAND, SOME SEE IT AS OCCURING THROUGH AND

WITH REGRESSION, COLONIALISM AND DESTABILZATION.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

 Characteristics of Globalization
MOBILITY

FREE TRADE
CONNECTIVITY

BORDERLESS WORLD CULTURAL DIVERSITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

Origins & History of
Globalization
 Origins & History of
Globalization
1. HARDWIRED

2. CYCLES

3. EPOCH

4. EVENTS

5. BROADER, MORE RECENT CHANGES

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

HARDWIRED CYCLES
According to Nayan Chanda,
For some, globalization is a long
globalization was made possible
term cyclical process, thus, finding its
because of our basic human need to
origin will be a daunting task.
make our lives better.

Therefore, we can trace that Subscribing to this view will suggest

adherence to the idea that other global ages

globalization started when our
have appeared
ancestors in Africa started to walk

away to find better food, shelter, etc.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

 1.Globalization of Religion

EPOCH 2.European colonial

Ritzer (2015) cited Therborn’s
conquests
(2000) six great epochs of
globalization. These are also called 3.Intra-European wars

“waves” and each has its own origin.

4.Heyday of European

imperialism
The difference between epoch and

cycles is that it does not treat epochs 5.Post-World War II period

as returning.
6.Post-Cold War period

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

 EVENTS CYCLES
Scholars today point to these three
Specific events are also notable changes as the origin of
globalization that we know today.
considered as part of the

fourth view in explaining 1.The emergence of the United States as the

global power (post-World War II)

the origin of globalization. 2.The emergence of multinational

corporations (MNCs)

3.The demise of the Soviet Union and the

end of the Cold War.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

Metaphors of
Globalization
Solid and Liquid
SOLIDITY
refers to barriers that prevent or
make difficult the movement of things.

It can be:
(1) Natural, and (2) Man-made.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

Solid and Liquid
LIQUIDITY
•Refers to the increasing  ease of
movement of people, things,
information, and places in the
contemporary World.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

Flows
Flows are the movement of

people, things, places, and

information brought by the

growing “porosity” of

global limitations (Ritzer,

2015).

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

Heavy and Light
HEAVY
It is characterized by that which is
difficult to move.

Because of their heaviness, workers

tended to stay put and what they
produced could be moved only with
great effort and at great expense.
prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa
Heavy and Light
LIGHT
Goods and people that are easier or
lighter to move because of advances
especially in technology.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa

 End of Topic
The perspective of the person who defines globalization shapes its definition. It is a starting

point that will guide the rest of any discussions.

prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa