Laureta, Diana Jane M.

BSN-2B
ETIOLOGY PATHOGENESIS MORPHOLOGICAL SIGNS/SYMPTOMS NURSING MEDICAL/
CHANGES MANAGEME SURGICAL MNGT
NT
 Meningitis –  The organisms that cause  Mode of  The hallmark  Monitor  Cochlear
inflammation of bacterial meningitis colo transmission symptoms of vital sign 2- implantation
the meninges. The nize the nasopharynx and, • People bacterial 4 hours rehabilitation due
meninges are the from there, they get into sharing meningitis are:  Monitor to deafness
three membranes: the blood stream. They respiratory • high fever signs of  Antibiotics-
- Dura mater enter the subarachnoid (kissing) • stiff neck neurologic ampicillin,
- Arachnoid space by passing through • Close • severe status penicillin,
mater endothelial cells contact headache  Maintain a amoxycillin
- Pia mater (transcytosis), getting (coughing,  If you develop the clear airway  Antiviral-
across the porous choroid sneeze) disease, you may  Low light tenofovir
 Meningitis can be plexus capillaries, or • Eating also experience:  Maintain  Antifungal-
caused by: being carried by contaminat • nausea isolation fluconazole
- Infectious – granulocytes ed food • vomiting precautions  Corticosteroid-
include  Incubation period • sensitivity  Nasogastric dexamethasone
bacteria, – 4 to 10 days to bright food  IV mannitol for
viruses, light feeding diuresis
fungi, and • confusion  Bed rest  Antipyretics-
less • a rash of with head acetaminophen
commonly purple end
parasites. discolorati elevation
- Non- on 30-45
infectious –  Complication: degree
autoimmun • Suizures  Assess
e disorder, • Brain sensorineur
cancer/ damage al hearing
paraneoplas • Loss of loss ( vision
tic hearing and hearing
syndromes, • Memory  Emotional
drug problems support and
reactions. • Learning necessary
 Bacterial problems information
meningitis • A hard for
 Viral meningitis time continuation
 Chronic meningitis walking of care at
 Fungal meningits • Kidney home
 Parasitic failure
meningitis • Shock
• Death
 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BACTERIA

Bacteria

Colonization and penetration of

nasopharyngeal mucosal
membranes by bacteria

Survival bacteria in blood and

transportation via circulation

Invasion of the central nervous system

Multiplication in subarachnoidal space

Increased permeability of
blood- brain barrier

Stimulation by bacteria
Transendothelial migration of
and bacterial product
granulocytes and monocytes

Release of cytokines
and prostaglandins
 Cerebral edema
 Increased intracranial pressure
Leakage of plasma proteins  Impaired circulation