Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION VIII – EASTERN VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CATBALOGAN CITY

LEARNER’S ACTIVITY SHEET IN GRADE 12

GEN. CHEMISTRY 2 QUARTER 3, WEEK 2

Name: Franzhean B. Cuachon Grade & Section: 12 STEM - Cygnus

Teacher: Catherine Guy Date: 2/28/22

LESSON: PROPERTIES OF WATER AND INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

Explore
Activity 1: MIND POWER
Part A.
Directions: Identify what property of water is being shown on the pictures below.

1. 2.
Capillary Action Adhesion

3. 4.
Surface tension pH

5.
Boiling point
Part B.
Directions: Answer the following questions briefly but substantially
1. What is cohesion?
- Cohesion is the act, state, or process of sticking together of alike molecules or entities
2. Why do some water insects able to walk on water? Explain.
- The hydrogen bond forms a thin coating on the water's surface that allows insects to walk on it.
Water striders use this high surface tension to their advantage through their well-adapted legs and
evenly distributed weight.
3. Define adhesion.
- Adhesion refers to the tendency of water molecules to be attracted, or ''stick'', to other
substances.
4. Explain how adhesion and cohesion help plants move materials.
- Cohesion and Adhesion is the property responsible when water get to leaves against the action
of gravity. The adhesion helps the transportation of sticking in the stems, while cohesion pulls the
water down into the roots. This is called capillary action and this process helps plants collect the
necessary nutrients from water as it transports down the stem.
5. When is water the densest?
-Water is the densest at 39°F (3.98°C). This is because, at this temperature, the molecules are
closest together. The closer the molecules are together, the heavier they get. The lighter the
molecules are, the further apart they are.
6. Explain why ice floats.
- Water is less dense in solid form because hydrogen bonding between water molecules pushes
molecules further apart into a set crystalline pattern.
7. How is a lake or a river that freezes over helpful to the organisms in the water?
- A lake that freezes over is beneficial to the organism that lives there because the thick ice acts
as a barrier between the water and the cold air above the water. It isolates the water from
atmospheric oxygen exchange and blocks much of the light that aquatic plants and phytoplankton
use to produce oxygen within the lake.
8. What property is responsible when water get to the leaves in the top of the tallest trees against
the force of gravity? Explain.
- Cohesion and Adhesion is the property responsible when water get to leaves against the action
of gravity. Adhesion refers to the attraction of water molecules to other molecules, whereas
cohesion refers to the ability of things to survive rupture when subjected to stress or tension.
Water and dissolved elements are pulled from the roots to the leaves and other plant components
by cohesive and adhesive forces.
9. Why is solid water less dense than liquid water?
- Solid water, such as ice, has a lower density than liquid water. Ice is less dense than water
because the orientation of hydrogen bonds causes molecules to move further apart.

Engage
Activity 2: EXPLORING PROPERTIES
Directions: Choose the letter/letters of the property of water related to each
phenomenon described below. More than one property may be used to explain
the given phenomenon.

a. Water molecules are cohesive, they form hydrogen bonds with each other.
b. Water molecules are adhesive, they form hydrogen bonds with polar surfaces.
c. Water is a liquid at normal physiological temperature.
d. Water has high specific heat.
e. Water has a high heat of vaporization

f. Water shows high surface tension.

D 1. During the winter, air temperature in the northern parts of the planet can remain below zero
degrees Celsius for months, however, the fish and other animals living in the lakes survive.
B 2. Many substances, for example, salt (NaCl) and sucrose, dissolve quickly in water.
A, B 3. When you pour water into a 25mL cylinder, a meniscus forms at the top of the water
column.
C, E 4. Sweating and the evaporation of sweat from the body surface help reduce a human’s
body temperature
A 5. Water drops that fall on a surface tend to form rounded drops or beads.
A, B, F 6. If you put the end of a paper towel to a coloured water, the water will move up into the
towel.
F 7. A paper clip can float on water.
F 8. When you place a straw into a glass of water, the water seems to climb up the straw before
you even place your mouth on the straw.
D 9. Water is most dense at about 4°C. As a result, the water at the bottom of a lake or the ocean
usually has temperature of about 4°C.
B 10. If you drop a tiny amount of water onto a very smooth surface, the water molecules will stick
together and form a droplet, rather than spread out over the surface

Apply
Activity 3: WORD HUNT
Part A.
Directions: Fill in the blanks with words that corresponds to the statements
below. Choose the word in the word bank.
Cohesion adhesion polar viscosity
Negatively positively surface tension covalent
Solvent deposition dissolve

1. The hydrogen and oxygen atoms are held together by covalent bonds.
2. The electrons are not shared equally creating a polar molecule.
3. The polarity of water allows it to dissolve most substances.
4. Water molecules stick to other water molecules. This property is called Cohesion.
5. Hydrogen bonds form between adjacent molecules because the positively charged hydrogen
end of one water molecule attracts the negatively charged oxygen end of another molecule

Part B.
Directions: Answer the following questions briefly but substantially.

1. When you warm up oil and water. Which temperature will rise faster?
- Water molecules are more likely to stick together than oil molecules because of hydrogen bonds
between molecules. As a result, breaking hydrogen bonds and speeding up molecules requires more
energy. Oil, however, has less extra bonding between an individual molecule, so it requires less
energy to make the molecules move faster and heat up.

2. What items can you gently “float” on water surface? (e.g., paperclips, needles, etc.)
- Objects that are less dense than water, such as balloons, empty bottles, apples, wood, and sponges,
will float.

3. What happens to the bonds (hydrogen bonds) when water boil?

- When water boils, kinetic energy causes the hydrogen bonds to break, and the molecules are
dispersed in the gas phase (steam or water vapor).