The CLATPOST January 2022

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MONTHLY EDITION
JAN, 2022 ISS UE - 23 ` 100/-
PASSAGE 1: c. 7 d. 8
U nion Commerce and

Industry Minister Piyush
Goyal on Saturday honoured
5. Which among the following
is NOT TRUE about the
[1] startups along with 1 Start-up India Award?
incubator and 1 accelerator a. It is designed by
with Union Commerce and Department for
Industry Minister Piyush Goyal. Promotion of Industry
[1] startups honoured with
and Internal Trade
National Startup Awards 2021
(DPIIT), Ministry of
the National Startup Awards
Commerce & Industry.
2021. This the second edition of
National Startup Awards. The b. The aim is to recognize
sectors included Agriculture, and reward outstanding
Animal Husbandry, Drinking Startups and ecosystem
Water, Education & Skill enablers.
Development, Energy. c. The winning start-up
Enterprise Technology, founders will get a cash
Environment, Fintech, Food prize of Rs. 50 lakh
Processing, Health & Wellness, a. 40 b. 42 globally.
and an opportunity
Industry 4.0, Security, Space c. 44 d. 46 b. India has witnessed to present their
and Transport and Travel. a greater number of solutions to relevant
[2] special categories were 2. Which of the following Unicorn startups in just public authorities and
also introduced to recognize day has been declared as a 2021 than it did in the corporates.
exceptional Startups National Start up day? period 2011-20.
d. All applicants were
contributing to the good of a. 11 January c. In this edition of the evaluated against six
the society. The 2021 edition awards, applications broad parameters
of the awards also recognized b. 13 January
were invited across 15 namely Innovation,
exceptional Startups innovating c. 16 January sectors and 49 sub- Scalability, Economic
solutions to promote Indic d. 22 January sectors. Impact, Social Impact,
languages and to compliment
d. All of the above Environmental Impact,
national efforts to combat 3. Which of the following is and Inclusiveness and
COVID-19 pandemic.
TRUE about the Status of 4. Which of the following will Diversity.
1. Which of the following will Start-ups in India? replace [2] in the above
replace [1] in the above a. India is the third largest passage?
passage? tart-up ecosystem a. 5 b. 6
1. (d) 46 flung areas of the country. second edition of the awards 5. (c) The winning start-up
Union Commerce and Industry 3. (d) All of the above invited applications across 15 founders will get a cash prize of
Minister Piyush Goyal on Today, India is the third largest sectors and 49 sub-sectors. Rs. 50 lakh and an opportunity
Saturday honoured 46 startups start-up ecosystem globally The 2021 edition of the awards to present their solutions to
along with 1 incubator and (by number of start-ups) with also recognized exceptional relevant public authorities and
1 accelerator with Union more than 15,000 start-ups Startups innovating solutions to corporates.
Commerce and Industry established in 2020, up from promote Indic languages and to The winning start-up founders
Minister Piyush Goyal. 5000 in 2010. Additionally, amid compliment national efforts to will get a cash prize of Rs. 5 lakh
2. (c) 16 January the Covid-19 pandemic, India combat Covid-19 pandemic. and an opportunity to present
16th January (Startup India has witnessed more number 4. (b) 6 their solutions to relevant public
Initiative was launched on this of Unicorn startups (startups Six special categories were authorities and corporates.
day in 2016) will be celebrated having valuation of over USD1 also introduced to recognize
as National Start-up Day, to take billion) in just 2021 than it exceptional Startups contributing
the Startup culture to the far- did in the period 2011-20. The to the good of the society.
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3 The CLAT Post • January 2022
PASSAGE 2:
T he income of 84 per cent of

households in the country
declined in 2021, but at the
same time the number of Indian
billionaires grew from 102 to
[1], an Oxfam report has said,
pointing to a stark income
divide worsened by the Covid
pandemic.
The Oxfam report, [2] released
on Sunday ahead of the World
Economic Forum’s Davos
Agenda, also found that as Covid
continued to ravage India, the
country’s healthcare budget saw
a 10% decline from RE (revised c. The Oxfam just behind China and
estimates) of 2020-21, , while the 2. As per the report, there International Secretariat the United States.
budgetary allocation for social was a budget cut of how is based in Nairobi, b. There was a 39 per cent
security schemes declined from much percentage in the Kenya. increase in the number
1.5% of the total Union budget Education from 2020-2021? d. All of the above of billionaires in India
to 0.6%. 1. 2% 2. 3% in 2021.
The India supplement of the 3. 5% 4. 6% 4. Which of the following will c. Oxfam has pointed out
global report also says that in replace [2] in the above that about one-fifth
2021, the collective wealth of passage? of the increase in the
India’s 100 richest people hit a 3. Which of the following
is TRUE about Oxfam a. Global Inequality wealth of the richest 100
record high of Rs 57.3 lakh crore families was accounted
(USD 775 billion). In the same International? b. Inequality Kills
for by the surge in the
year, the share of the bottom 50 a. Oxfam International is c. Money Power fortunes of a single
per cent of the population in a group of independent
d. Rise of Billionaires individual and business
national wealth was a mere 6 non-governmental
house – the Adanis.
percent. organisations formed in
1995. 5. Which of the following d. Gautam Adani,
1. Which of the following will is NOT TRUE as per the ranked 42nd globally
b. The name “Oxfam”
replace [1] in the above released report? and second in India,
comes from the Oxford
passage? a. India has the third witnessed his net worth
Committee for Famine
a. 110 b. 120 highest number of multiply by eight times
Relief, founded in
c. 134 d. 142 billionaires in the world, in a span of one year.
Britain in 1942.
1. (d) 142 Oxfam International is a group of The Oxfam report, “Inequality France, Sweden and Switzerland
The income of 84 per cent of independent non-governmental Kills”, released on Sunday ahead combined — a 39 per cent
households in the country organisations formed in 1995. of the World Economic Forum’s increase in the number of
declined in 2021, but at the The name “Oxfam” comes from Davos Agenda, also found that as billionaires in India in 2021.
same time the number of Indian the Oxford Committee for Covid continued to ravage India, Oxfam has pointed out that
billionaires grew from 102 to Famine Relief, founded in Britain the country’s healthcare budget about one-fifth of the increase
142, an Oxfam report has said, in 1942. The group campaigned saw a 10% decline from RE in the wealth of the richest 100
pointing to a stark income for food supplies to starving (revised estimates) of 2020-21. families was accounted for by the
divide worsened by the Covid women and children in enemy- 5. (d) Gautam Adani, ranked surge in the fortunes of a single
pandemic. occupied Greece during the 42nd globally and second in individual and business house –
2. (d) 4.6% Second World War. India, witnessed his net worth the Adanis.
There was a 6% cut in allocation It aims to maximize efficiency multiply by eight times in a “Gautam Adani, ranked 24th
for education, the Oxfam and achieve greater impact span of one year. globally and second in India,
report says, while the budgetary to reduce global poverty India has the third highest witnessed his net worth multiply
allocation for social security and injustice. The Oxfam number of billionaires in the by eight times in a span of one
schemes declined from 1.5% of International Secretariat is based world, just behind China and the year; from USD 8.9 billion in
the total Union budget to 0.6%. in Nairobi, Kenya. United States, says the report, 2020 to USD 50.5 billion in 2021.
3. (d) .All of the above 4. (b) b.Inequality Kills with more billionaires than
PASSAGE 3: c. Al Sharjah
A suspected drone attack on

three petroleum tankers
in [1], the capital of the United
d. Ajman
2. Which of the following is

Arab Emirates, left three TRUE about the Houthis?
persons — two Indians and
a Pakistani national — dead a. It was founded in
on Monday. Later, the Iran- the 1990s by Hussein
backed Houthi rebels in [2] Badreddin al-Houthi.
claimed responsibility for the b. After Yemeni soldiers
attack, warning that the “UAE killed Hussein in 2004,
is an unsafe state as long as its his brother Abdul Malik
aggressive escalation against [2] took over.
continues.” c. The Houthis are actually
One of the Arab world’s Zaydis Shias.
poorest countries, [2] has been d. All of the above
devastated by a near seven-
year civil war, which started
after Houthis captured the 3. Which of the following is
capital Sana’a, following which NOT TRUE about Zaydis?
Saudi-led forces intervened and a. Zaydis are the oldest
fought the rebels with the aim branch of the Shia.
passage? b. The Islah Party affiliated
of ending Iranian influence in b. The Zaydis are named
a. Yemen with the Muslim
the region and restoring the after Zayd Bin Ali, Brotherhood, who fight
former government. The UAE father-in-law to the b. Syria
the Houthis on political
joined the Saudi campaign Prophet Mohammed. c. Iran grounds.
in 2015 and has been deeply
c. Zayd Bin Ali had led d. Iraq c. A broad array of
involved in the conflict ever
since, despite announcing the a revolt against the nationalists, liberals,
formal withdrawal of its forces Ummayad Caliphate in 5. Which of these is/are the and others, who contest
in 2019 and 2020. the eighth century. domestic opponents to the their rule by force of
d. He was killed, but his Houthis arms.
1 Which of the following will martyrdom led to the a. The new Salafi d. All of these
replace [1] in the above rise of the Zaydi sect. movement, who oppose
passage? them on religious
a. Abu Dhabi 4. Which of the following will grounds,
b. Dubai replace [2] in the above
1. (a) Abu Dhabi revolution of 1979 and the rise of Zayd Bin Ali had led a revolt 5. (d) All of these
A suspected drone attack on Hezbollah in southern Lebanon against the Ummayad Caliphate Domestic opponents to the
three petroleum tankers in Abu in the 1980s, Badr al-Din and in the eighth century. He was Houthis (Diverse and disunited)-
Dhabi, the capital of the United his sons started building vast killed, but his martyrdom led to Southerners: They perceive the
Arab Emirates, left three persons social and religious networks the rise of the Zaydi sect. While Houthis as yet another wave of
— two Indians and a Pakistani among the Zaydis of Yemen, the Zaydis are seen part of the northern invader’s intent upon
national — dead on Monday. who make up roughly one-third Shia branch of Islam, both in subduing the South. The new
2. (d) All of the above of the Sunni-majority country’s terms of theology and practice, Salafi movement, who oppose
The roots of the Houthi population. they are different from the them on religious grounds. The
movement can be traced to 3. (b) The Zaydis are named after ‘Twelver’ Shias of Iran, Iraq and Islah Party affiliated with the
“Believing Youth” (Muntada Zayd Bin Ali, father-in-law to Lebanon. Muslim Brotherhood, who fight
al-Shahabal-Mu’min), a Zaydi the Prophet Mohammed. 4. (a) Yemen the Houthis on political grounds.
revivalist group founded by Zaydis are the oldest branch of The Iran-backed Houthi rebels A broad array of nationalists,
Hussein al-Houthi and his father, the Shia. The Zaydis are named in Yemen claimed responsibility liberals, and others, who contest
Badr al-Din al-Houthi, in the after Zayd Bin Ali, the great for the attack, warning that the their rule by force of arms. And
early 1990s. grandson of Imam Ali, Prophet “UAE is an unsafe state as long as finally, the remnants of Saleh’s
Badr al-Din was an influential Mohammed’s cousin and son- its aggressive escalation against supporters after his murder in
Zaydi cleric in northern in-law who Shias, Sunnis and Yemen continues.” December 2017.
Yemen. Inspired by the Iranian Zaydis revere.
b. 2016 memorial is based on

c. 2018 four concentric circles.
d. 2019 d. The largest is the Tyag
Chakra, the Circle of
Sacrifice, has circular
2. Which of the following
concentric walls of
is TRUE about the India
honour based on the
Gate?
Chakravyuh
a. The earlier name of the
India Gate was All India
War Memorial.
is the reason for the
b. It was built by British in relocation of the flame?
1931.
1. The flame at the Amar
c. It was erected as a Jawan Jyoti was old and
memorial to around difficult to maintain.
90,000 Indian soldiers
2. The flame at the Amar
of the British Indian
Jawan Jyoti was not
Army, who had died
viable financially.
in several wars and
campaigns till then. 3. The flame Amar Jawan
Jyoti is of only some
d. All of the above

PASSAGE 4 : tributes to the soldiers who martyrs who fought for
T he government has put out have died for the country in the British and thus is a
3. Which of the following symbol of our colonial
the eternal flame of the various wars and conflicts since
is NOT TRUE about the past.
Amar Jawan Jyoti underneath Independence.
National War Memorial?
India Gate and merged it Established in [2], it was to 4. All of the above
a. It was built to
with the one instituted at the mark India’s victory over
commemorate all the
National War Memorial in [1] a Pakistan in the 1971 War, 5. Which of the following will
soldiers who have laid
few hundred meters away. The which resulted in the creation replace [2] in the above
down their lives in the
decision kicked off a political of Bangladesh. The then Prime passage?
various battles, wars,
row, with Opposition leaders Minister Indira Gandhi had a. 1972
operations and conflicts
claiming that it was a disrespect inaugurated it on Republic
of Independent India. b. 1973
to the soldiers who have laid Day [2], after India defeated
down their lives fighting for the Pakistan in December 1971. b. Discussions to build c. 1974
country. such a memorial had d. 1975
1. Which of the following will been ongoing since
The eternal flame at the Amar
replace [1] in the above 1961, but it did not
Jawan Jyoti underneath India
passage? come up.
Gate in central Delhi was an
iconic symbol of the nation’s a. 2015 c. The architecture of the
1. (d) 2019 several wars and campaigns till the Circle of Protection which is The names of all Indian martyrs
The government has put out the then. Names of more than 13,000 marked by a row of trees, each from all the wars, including
eternal flame of the Amar Jawan dead soldiers are mentioned on of which represent soldiers, “1971 and wars before and after
Jyoti underneath India Gate and the memorial commemorating who protect the country. The it are housed at the National War
merged it with the one instituted them. As it was a memorial for Tyag Chakra, the Circle of Memorial.
at the National War Memorial in the Indian soldiers killed in Sacrifice, has circular concentric 5. (a) 1972
2019 a few hundred meters away. wars, the Amar Jawan Jyoti was walls of honour based on the Established in 1972, it was
2. (d) All of the above established underneath it by the Chakravyuh. to mark India’s victory over
The India Gate, All India War government in 1972. 4. (d) All of the above Pakistan in the 1971 War,
Memorial, as it was known 3. (d) The largest is the Tyag The names inscribed on the India which resulted in the creation
earlier, was built by the British Chakra, the Circle of Sacrifice, Gate are of only some martyrs of Bangladesh. The then Prime
in 1931. It was erected as a has circular concentric walls who fought for the British in Minister Indira Gandhi had
memorial to around 90,000 of honour based on the World War 1 and the Anglo inaugurated it on Republic
Indian soldiers of the British Chakravyuh Afghan War & thus is a symbol Day 1972, after India defeated
Indian Army, who had died in Largest is the Raksha Chakra or of our colonial past. Pakistan in December 1971.
PASSAGE 5 :
I ndia’s National Tiger

Conservation Authority
will soon come out with
guidelines or standard
operating procedures (SOP)
for the reintroduction of tigers
that can used by other Tiger
Range Countries, environment
ministry officials said on
Friday, hours after environment
minister Bhupender Yadav
spoke at the 4th Asia
Ministerial Conference on tiger
conservation organised by [1]
and coordinated by the Global
Tiger Forum.
Yadav said in his address that
India achieved a remarkable
feat by country’s doubling the
tiger population from 2006
in 2018, [2] years ahead of its
goal. He said that the budgetary
allocation for tiger conservation
has increased from `185 crore
in 2014 to `300 crore in 2022,
and added that a Project Tiger- TRUE about the National reserves spread across
like model was being replicated Tiger Conservation 3. Project Tiger was started 18 states
for the lion, dolphin, leopard, Authority? in India in which of the c. The last tiger census of
snow leopard and other small a. National Tiger following years? 2018 showed a rise in
wildcats, while the country is Conservation Authority a. 1st April 1972 the tiger population.
on the threshold of introducing (NTCA) is a statutory b. 1st April 1973 d. Karnataka has the
cheetah in its historical range. body.
c. 1St May 1972 highest number of
1. Which of the following will b. It is constituted Tigers in India.
d. 1st May 1973
replace [1] in the above under Ministry of 5. Which of the following will
passage? Environment, Forests replace [2] in the above
and Climate Change. 4. Which of the following is
1. India passage?
NOT TRUE about Tigers in
c. It was established in a. Two
2. Malaysia India?
2005 following the
3. Thailand a. India is home to b. Three
recommendations of the
4. Cambodia Tiger Task Force. over 70% of the tiger c. Four
population globally. d. Five
d. All of the above
2. Which of the following is b. India is home to 51 tiger
1. (b) Malaysia Authority (NTCA) is a statutory tiger. Project Tiger has been Uttarakhand had the third-
The conference is an important body under the Ministry the largest species conservation highest population of 444 tigers.
event for reviewing progress of Environment, Forests initiative of its kind in the world. 5. (c) Four
towards the Global Tiger and Climate Change. It was 4. (d) Karnataka has the highest Yadav said in his address that
Recovery Programme established in 2005 following the number of Tigers in India. India achieved a remarkable feat
and commitments to tiger recommendations of the Tiger Madhya Pradesh leads the by country’s doubling the tiger
conservation. It was organized Task Force. states in tiger numbers and, population from 2006 in 2018,
by Malaysia and Global Tiger 3. (b) 1st April 1973 per the 2018 figures, counted four years ahead of its goal.
Forum (GTF). The Govt. of India had launched 526 of the big cats within its
2. (d) All of the above “Project Tiger” on 1st April 1973 territory. Karnataka was a close
National Tiger Conservation to promote conservation of the second with 524 tigers while
PASSAGE 6 : commission of India?
A head of Assembly polls in

five States, the expenditure
limit for candidates for Lok

a. Article 78
b. Article 148
c. Article 324
Sabha constituencies was
increased to `75 lakh from `54 d. Article 320
lakh and `95 lakh from `70
lakh, depending on the State, 5. Which of the following is
while the spending limit for TRUE about the Election
Assembly constituencies was Expenditure Limits?
hiked from `20 lakh to `28 lakh a. Under Section 77 of
and `28 lakh to [1], the Election the Representation of
Commission said on Thursday. the People Act (RPA),
For the upcoming Assembly 1951, every candidate
elections, the enhanced amount shall keep a separate
of [1] would apply in Uttar and correct account of
Pradesh, Uttarakhand and all expenditure incurred
Punjab and `28 lakh in Goa replace [2] in the above accordance with the between the date on
and Manipur, according to the passage? Constitution on 25th which they have been
Law Ministry’s notification on January 1950. nominated and the date
a. 2010
Thursday. of declaration of the
b. 2012 c. Originally the
Apart from a 10% increase in commission had result.
2020 due to the COVID-19 c. 2014
only one election b. All candidates are
pandemic, the last major revision d. 2016 commissioner but required to submit their
in spending limits for candidates after the Election expenditure statement
was carried out in [2]. The EC 3. Which of the following is Commissioner to the ECI within 30
had formed a committee in 2020 NOT TRUE with regards to Amendment Act 1989, days of the completion
to study the spending limit.
the Election Commission it has been made a of the elections.
1. Which of the following will of India? multi-member body. c. An incorrect account
replace [1] in the above a. Part XV of the d. The commission or expenditure beyond
passage? Indian constitution consists of one Chief the cap can lead to
a. `40 lakh deals with elections, Election Commissioner disqualification of the
and establishes a and three Election candidate by the ECI for
b. `42 lakh
commission for these Commissioners. up to three years, under
c `48 lakh matters. Section 10A of RPA,
d. `50 lakh b. The Election 4. Which article of the 1951.
Commission was Constitution of India d. All of the above
2. Which of the following will established in provides for the Election
1. (a) `40 lakh Commissioner and three and control of elections to are required to submit their
While the spending limit for Election Commissioners. parliament, state legislatures, expenditure statement to the
Assembly constituencies was Originally the commission had the office of president of India ECI within 30 days of the
hiked from `20 lakh to `28 lakh only one election commissioner and the office of vice-president completion of the elections. An
and `28 lakh to `40 lakh, the but after the Election of India shall be vested in the incorrect account or expenditure
Election Commission said on Commissioner Amendment Act election commission. beyond the cap can lead to
Thursday. 1989, it has been made a multi- 5. (d) All of the above disqualification of the candidate
2. (c) 2014 member body. Under Section 77 of the by the ECI for up to three years,
Apart from a 10% increase in The commission consists Representation of the People Act under Section 10A of RPA, 1951.
2020 due to the COVID-19 of one Chief Election (RPA), 1951, every candidate The limit prescribed by the
pandemic, the last major revision Commissioner and two Election shall keep a separate and correct ECI is meant for legitimate
in spending limits for candidates Commissioners. account of all expenditure expenditure because a lot of
was carried out in 2014. 4. (c) Article 324 incurred between the date on money in elections is spent for
3. (d) The commission consists Article 324 of the Constitution which they have been nominated illegitimate purposes.
of one Chief Election provides that the power of and the date of declaration
superintendence, direction of the result. All candidates
PASSAGE 7:
“Union Minister of Jal Shakti
Shri [1] announced 3rd
National Water Awards-2020,
here today. In the Best State
category, [2] has been awarded
first prize, followed by
Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu,”
Ministry of Jal Shakti said in a
statement.
The `3.6 trillion Jal Jeevan
Mission (JJM) scheme aims
for CSR Activity,” the statement 18% of the world’s on a community
to ensure assured tap water
said. population, it has only approach to water and
supply or ‘Har Ghar Jal’ to all
4% of world’s renewable includes extensive
rural households by 2024, with 1. Which of the following will water resources. Information, Education
several states having presented replace [1] in the above
their commitment to provide d. All of the above and Communication as
passage? a key component of the
tap water connections to all
a. Bhupendra Yadav mission.
rural households before 2024. 3. Jal Jeevan Mission was
“To encourage and recognize b. Gajendra Singh started in which of the c. JJM looks to create a
individuals and organizations Shekhawat following years? jan andolan for water,
doing exemplary work in c. Anurag Thakur thereby making it
a. 2016
the field of water resources d. Jitendra Singh everyone’s priority.
b. 2018
management, the Department d. The total allocation to
of Water Resources, River c. 2019 the scheme is over `3
Development and Ganga d. 2020 lakh crore.
TRUE?
Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal
Shakti is giving 57 awards a. The Jal Shakti Ministry
4. Which of the following is 5. Which of the following will
to States, Organizations, had launched the first
NOT TRUE about the Jal replace [2] in the above
Individuals etc. in 11 different ‘National Water Award’
Jeevan Mission? passage?
categories - Best State, in 2018.
Best District, Best Village a. Jal Jeevan Mission a. Andhra Pradesh
b. They focus on the good
Panchayat, Best Urban Local envisages supply of b. Uttar Pradesh
work and efforts made
Body, Best Media (Print & 90 litres of water per
by individuals and c. Telangana
Electronic), Best School, person per day to
organisations across d. Uttarakhand
Best Institution/RWA/ every rural household
the country, and the
Religious organization for through Functional
government’s vision for
Campus usage, Best Industry, Household Tap
the path to ‘Jal Samridh
Best NGO, Best Water User Connections by 2024.
Bharat’.
Association, and Best Industry b. The Mission is based
c. India has more than
1. (b) Gajendra Singh Shekhawat efforts made by individuals and Jeevan Mission aims to supply Functional Household Tap
“Union Minister of Jal Shakti organisations across the country, clean and sufficient drinking Connections (FHTC) by 2024.
Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat and the government’s vision for water to all rural Indian homes 5. (b) Uttar Pradesh
announced 3rd National Water the path to ‘Jal Samridh Bharat’. through individual household “Union Minister of Jal Shakti
Awards-2020, here today. In India has more than 18% of the tap connections by 2024. Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat
the Best State category, Uttar world’s population, it has only 4. (a) Jal Jeevan Mission envisages announced 3rd National Water
Pradesh has been awarded first 4% of world’s renewable water supply of 90 litres of water per Awards-2020, here today. In
prize, followed by Rajasthan resources person per day to every rural the Best State category, Uttar
and Tamil Nadu,” Ministry of Jal 3. (c) 2019 household through Functional Pradesh has been awarded first
Shakti said in a statement. The correct answer is 2019. Jal Household Tap Connections by prize, followed by Rajasthan
2. (d) All of the above Jeewan Mission was launched 2024. and Tamil Nadu,” Ministry of Jal
The Jal Shakti Ministry had by the Prime Minister in 2019. Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) Shakti said in a statement.
launched the first ‘National It was announced by Prime envisages supply of 55 litres
Water Award’ in 2018. They Minister Shri Narendra Modi of water per person per day to
focus on the good work and on 15th August 2019. The Jal every rural household through
be more than for a

period of three months
at a time.
2. The CAA provides

citizenship on the
basis of religion to
the undocumented
communities from how
many religions?
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 6
3. Citizenship Amendment
Act is alleged to violate
which of the following
fundamental Right?
a. Article 14
b. Article 15
c. Article 17
d. Article 19
PASSAGE 8 : sought time till April 9, 2021 subordinate legislation
T he Ministry of Home Affairs and then July 9, 2021 from the exists in both Lok Sabha 4. The CAA also exempts
(MHA) did not notify the committees to notify the rules and Rajya Sabha the members of these
Citizenship (Amendment) Act, which are to be published in b. The total strength of communities from any
2019 rules till Sunday, the third the Gazette of India. The MHA the committee is 30 criminal case under which
extended deadline after the Act did not respond if an extension members in each house. of the following acts?
was passed. January 9 was the has been sought from the
committees. c. In case the ministries/ a. Foreigners Acts, 1946
last day of an extension it sought departments are not
from the two parliamentary On November 30 last, Minister b. Passport Act, 1920
able to frame the rules
committees in the Lok Sabha of State for Home Nityanand Rai c. Sarfaesi Act, 2002
within the prescribed
and the Rajya Sabha to frame the informed the Lok Sabha: “The d. =Both a and b
period of six months
rules. persons covered under the CAA
after legislation is
It was not imminently clear if may apply for citizenship after
passed, “they should 5. Citizenship is a subject of
the Ministry had sought more the rules are notified under the
seek extension of time which of the following lists?
time from the committee on CAA.”
from the Committee on a. Union List
subordinate legislation in the two Subordinate Legislation
1. Which of the following b. State List
Houses of Parliament to notify stating reasons for such
rules that will govern the CAA. c. Concurrent List
committee on subordinate extension.
Without rules, the Act cannot d. Residuary List
be implemented. Earlier, it had legislation? d. The extension granted
a. The committee on by the ministry cannot
1. (b) The total strength of the Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and and the principle of secularism staying here on expired visas and
committee is 30 members in Christians) from Pakistan, enshrined in the preamble of the permits.
each house. Afghanistan and Bangladesh constitution. 5. (a) Union List
The total strength of the who entered India on or before 4. (d) Both a and b Defence, External Affairs,
committee is 30 members in each 31st December, 2014. It exempts the members of Railways, Naturalisation and
house. 3. (a) Article 14 the six communities from Citizenship are some of the
2. (d) 6 Critics argue that it is violative any criminal case under the subjects in the union list, which
The CAA provides citizenship of Article 14 of the Constitution Foreigners Act, 1946 and the has 97 items.
on the basis of religion to six (which guarantees the right to Passport Act, 1920. The two
undocumented non-Muslim equality and is applicable to Acts specify punishment for
communities (Hindus, Sikhs, both the citizens and foreigners) entering the country illegally and
PASSAGE 9 :
I ndia is likely to overtake

Japan as Asia’s second-largest
economy by 2030 when its GDP
is also projected to surpass that
of Germany and the U.K. to
rank as the world’s No. [1], [2]
said in a report on Friday.
“India’s nominal GDP... is
forecast to rise from $2.7
trillion in 2021 to $8.4 trillion
by 2030,” [2] said. “This rapid
pace of economic expansion
would result in the size of
Indian GDP exceeding Japanese
GDP by 2030, making India the
second-largest economy in the
Asia-Pacific region.” By 2030,
the Indian economy would also
be larger in size than the largest
Western European economies
of Germany, France and the
U.K. The long-term outlook
for the Indian economy is
supported by a number of key
growth drivers.
“An important positive factor
for India is its large and fast- b. It includes anything in terms of number of
growing middle class, which 2. Currently India ranks at produced within its unicorns of any country?
is helping to drive consumer what position in terms of borders by the country’s
spending,” [2] said, forecasting a. 2nd
the largest economy by citizens and foreigners.
that the country’s consumption b. 3rd
GDP? c. It is primarily used to
expenditure will double from c. 4th
$1.5 trillion in 2020 to $3 a. 4th b. 5th assess the health of a
country’s economy. d. 5th
trillion by 2030. c. 6th d. 7th
d. According to the
1. Which of the following will International Monetary 5. Which of the following will
replace [1] in the above Fund, in 2019, China replace [2] in the above
NOT TRUE about GDP?
passage? is the world’s largest passage?
a. GDP is the monetary
1. 2nd economy, followed by a. IHS Markit
value of all the finished
2. 3rd USA and India. b. ServiceNow
goods and services
3. 4th produced within a c. Cognizant
country’s borders in a 4. India has ranked at which d. Xilinx
4. 5th
specific time period. of the following place
1. (b) 3rd largest economy, behind the U.S., United States is the world’s unicorns of 2021.
India is likely to overtake Japan China, Japan, Germany and the largest economy, followed by 5. (a) IHS Markit
as Asia’s second-largest economy U.K. China and Japan. India is likely to overtake Japan
by 2030 when its GDP is also 3. (d) According to the 4. (b) 3rd as Asia’s second-largest economy
projected to surpass that of International Monetary Fund, India is now home to the third- by 2030 when its GDP is also
Germany and the U.K. to rank as in 2019, China is the world’s highest number of unicorns of projected to surpass that of
the world’s No.3, IHS Markit said largest economy, followed by any country after the United Germany and the U.K. to rank as
in a report on Friday. USA and India. States and China, having the world’s No.3, IHS Markit said
2. (c) 6th According to the International overtaken the UK. Here’s a look in a report on Friday.
Currently, India is the sixth- Monetary Fund, in 2019, the back at the 39 Indian startup
d. Shanghai

NOT TRUE about AIIB?
a. The AIIB, launched in
Beijing in 2015.
b. It has approved more
loans for India than any
other member of the
bank.
c. China is its biggest
shareholder and India is
the second-largest.
d. The U.S. and Japan
are not among its 90
members.
4. Which of the following will

replace [2] in the above
passage?
a.D J Pandian
b.Konstantin Limitovskiy
c.Ludger Schuknecht
d.Luky Eko Wuryanto
5. AIIB was given permanent

observer status by both
PASSAGE 10 : Patel, 58, will be one of the five passage? the United Nations
F ormer RBI Governor [1] has Vice Presidents of the AIIB a. Raghuram Rajan General Assembly and
been appointed as a Vice with a three-year tenure. He is the Economic and Social
b. Shaktikanta Das
President of the Beijing-based expected to take over his posting Council in which of the
next month. c. S. Jaishankar following years?
multilateral funding institution
AIIB, according to sources in the He will succeed outgoing Vice d. Urijt Patel a. 2016
bank on Sunday. President [2], who is in charge
b. 2018
India is a founding member of sovereign and non-sovereign 2. Where is the Headquarter
lending of the AIIB in South c. 2019
of the Asian Infrastructure of the Asian Infrastructure
Investment Bank (AIIB) with the Asia, the Pacific Islands and Investment Bank located? d. 2020
second highest voting share after South-East Asia, AIIB sources
a. Tokyo
China. It is headed by former told PTI..
b. Beijing
Chinese vice minister for finance 1. Which of the following will
Jin Liqun. replace [1] in the above c. New Delhi
1. (d) Urijt Patel multilateral development bank President D J Pandian, who is Nations General Assembly
Former RBI Governor Uriit Patel headquartered in Beijing. in charge of sovereign and non- and the Economic and Social
has been appointed as a Vice 3. (d) The U.S. and Japan are not sovereign lending of the AIIB in Council, the two development-
President of the Beijing-based among its 90 members. South Asia, the Pacific Islands focused principal organs of the
multilateral funding institution The bank currently has 105 and South-East Asia, AIIB global body.
AIIB, according to sources in the members, including 16 sources told PTI.
bank on Sunday. prospective members from 5. (b) 2018
2. (b) Beijing around the world. In 2018, AIIB was granted
The Asian Infrastructure 4. (a) D J Pandian Permanent Observer status in the
Investment Bank (AIIB) is a He will succeed outgoing Vice deliberations of both the United
PASSAGE 11 :
T he WTO lacks a proper

definition of a developing
nation although two-thirds
of its [1] members classify
themselves as developing.
Prima facie, it does appear
anomalous that the world’s
second-largest economy—
which accounted for a quarter
of global GDP growth in
2021—considers itself as the
largest developing country.
Being a developing country
has a bearing on special
and differentiated treatment
(S&DT), which allows replace [1] in the above build the infrastructure
developing and poor countries passage? to undertake WTO 5. Which of the following
certain benefits. a. 148 work, handle disputes, about WTO is not TRUE?
and implement a. The GATT 1947 was
At a time when developed b. 164
technical standard terminated and WTO
nations are pushing WTO- c. 189
reforms that would dilute d. All of the above preserved its provisions
d. 194 in form of GATT 1994
S&DT provisions, India has
indicated that it will fight 3. The World Bank assigns the and continues to govern
for preserving S&DT for the 2. Which of the following world’s economies into how trade in goods.
developing world. Given New is one of the benefits of many income groups? b. The WTO is a UN
Delhi has earlier said it is Special and Differential specialized agency.
a. 2
open to discussions on which Treatment at WTO?
b. 3 c. The topmost decision-
country should be considered a. Longer time periods making body of the
developing, it must take the for implementing c. 4
WTO is the Ministerial
lead in this regard. agreements and d. 6 Conference, which
As WTO members can declare commitments usually meets every two
themselves developing nations, b. Provisions requiring 4. Which of the following years.
this provides an advantage to all WTO members to agreement established the
nations like China to expand d. The General Council
safeguard the trade World Trade Organisation? convenes as the Dispute
their dominance in global interests of developing
trade even while classifying a. Marrakesh Agreement Settlement Body
countries (DSB) to deal with
themselves as developing and b. Uruguay Agreement
thereby obtaining S&DT. c. Support to help disputes between WTO
c. Vienna Agreement
developing countries members.
1. Which of the following will d. Montreal Agreement
1. (b) 164 The special provisions include: `provisions related to least- 5. (b) The WTO is a UN
The WTO lacks a proper `longer time periods for developed country (LDC) specialized agency.
definition of a developing nation implementing agreements and members The WTO is not a UN
although two-thirds of its 164 commitments 3. (c) 4 specialized agency, it has
members classify themselves as `measures to increase trading The World Bank assigns the maintained strong relations with
developing. opportunities for these countries world’s economies to four the UN and its agencies since its
2. (d) All of the above `provisions requiring all WTO income groups—low, lower- establishment.
The WTO agreements contain members to safeguard the trade middle, upper-middle, and high- The WTO-UN relations are
special provisions which interests of developing countries income countries. governed by the “Arrangements
give developing countries `support to help developing 4. (a) Marrakesh Agreement for Effective Cooperation
special rights and allow other countries build the infrastructure The Uruguay Round, conducted with other Intergovernmental
members to treat them more to undertake WTO work, from 1987 to 1994, culminated in Organizations-Relations between
favourably. These are “special and handle disputes, and implement the Marrakesh Agreement, which the WTO and the United
differential treatment provisions” technical standard established the World Trade Nations” signed on 15 November
(abbreviated as S&D or SDT). Organization (WTO). 1995.
a. Japan
b. South Korea
c. Singapore
d. Both a and c

passage?
a. 40 countries
b. 50 countries
c. 60 countries
d. 80 countries
4. Henley & Partners who

release the Henley Passport
Index, is located in which
of the following places?
a. Beijing
b. London
c. New York
d. France

PASSAGE 12 : In other words, a total of [2] Indonesia, Madagascar, TRUE about the Henley
I n a significant improvement will now felicitate the direct Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka Passport Index?
from the ranking of last entry of tourists holding Indian among others. a. It was launched in
year, the Indian passport has passports by providing visa- 2006 and includes 199
on-arrival facility or some 1. Which of the following will
strengthened as the country different passports.
other mechanism. While last replace [1] in the above
improved its passport ranking b. The ranking is based
year, the number of countries passage?
in the Henley Passport Index on exclusive data from
2022. Climbing from its earlier which provided prior visa- a. 81st
free entry to Indians was 88, the International Air
ranking of 90th, the country’s b. 83rd
Oman and Armenia are the Transport Association
passport has now reached the c. 85th
latest additions to grant this (IATA).
[1] rank. With the jump in
Indian passport ranking, the facility. Other notable tourist d. 87th c. It is created by Dr.
Indian nationals will be able destinations where Indians Christian H. Kaelin
to visit as many as [2] from can visit without a prior visa 2. Which of the following chairman of Henley &
around the world without the sanction include Botswana, Countries topped the Partners.
need of a prior visa. Cambodia, El Salvador, Fiji, index? d. All of the above
1. (b) 83rd as 192 destinations without the 2006. India shares the position is based on exclusive data from
Climbing from its earlier ranking need of a prior visa. Germany with Sao Tome and Principe in the International Air Transport
of 90th, the country’s passport and South Korea followed on the Central Africa, behind Rwanda Association (IATA), which
has now reached the 83rd rank. second rank with their nationals and Uganda in 2022. maintains the world’s largest and
2. (d) Both a and c allowed to visit 190 visa-free 4. (b) London most accurate database of travel
While India improved its destinations around the world. Henley & Partners is a global information.
ranking slightly, Japan retained 3. (c) 60 countries citizenship and residence It was launched in 2006 and
the top rank in the Henley India now has visa-free access advisory firm based in London. includes 199 different passports.
Passport Index. Along with to 60 destinations worldwide 5. (d) All of the above It is updated in real time
Japan, Singapore also topped with Oman and Armenia being Originally created by Dr. throughout the year as and when
the list as the nationals of these the latest additions. India has Christian H. Kaelin (chairman of visa policy changes come into
two countries can visit as many added 35 more destinations since Henley & Partners), the ranking effect.
PASSAGE 13 :
A Supreme Court bench of

Justices DY Chandrachud
and AS Bopanna on Monday
recused from hearing a matter
related to distribution of
Krishna water dispute between
[1].
As the matter was called, Justice
Chandrachud pointed out
both him and his fellow judge
Justice Bopanna belonged to
Maharashtra and Kamataka
respectively.
Though counsel, appearing
from different states, submitted
that they had no objections to
the bench taking up the matter,
Justice Chandrachud pointed
out previously judges Justice Maharashtra and while deciding the case. d. The second Krishna
A M Khanwilkar and Justice Karnataka Water Disputes Tribunal
c. The rules regarding
Mohan M Shantanagoudar delivered its report in
c. Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, recusal are laid down
had opted out due to similar 2010.
Maharashtra and under Article 124 of the
reasons.
Karnataka Constitution of India.
“We don’t want ourselves to be 4. Which of the following
target of invectives. Day in and d. Tamil Nadu, Telangana, d. None of the above
Maharashtra and articles of the Constitution
day out, we have been hearing of India provides for the
cases arising out of our home Karnataka
3. Which of the following is inter-state water dispute?
States but it is better the matter NOT TRUE with regards to
is placed before some other 2. Which of the following is a. Article 262
the Krishna Water Disputes
bench,” the bench said. With NOT TRUE about Recusal Tribunal? b. Article 264
this, the matter is likely to be of Judges? c. Article 265
a. In 1956, the first
placed before the Chief Justice a. It is the act of abstaining Krishna Water Disputes d. Article 268
of India for assigning it to some from participation in an Tribunal (KWDT) was
other bench.. official action such as a set up. 5. Which of the following is a
1. Which of the following will legal proceeding.
b. The First Krishna Water tributary of Krishna River?
replace [1] in the above b. When there is a conflict Disputes Tribunal a. Ghataprabha
passage? of interest, a judge can presented its report in
a. Andhra Pradesh, withdraw from hearing b. Malaprabha
1973.
Telangana, Maharashtra a case to prevent c. Tungabhadra
c. The second Krishna
and Karnataka creating a perception d. All of the above
Water Disputes Tribunal
b. Tamil Nadu, Kerala, that he carried a bias
was instituted in 2004.
1. (a) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, are laid down under Article 124 set up under the Inter-State River and control of waters of any
Maharashtra and Karnataka of the Constitution of India. Water Dispute Act, 1956, and inter-state river and river valley.
A Supreme Court bench of There are no formal rules presented its report in 1973. 5. (d) All of the above
Justices D Y Chandrachud governing recusals, although 4. (a) Article 262 Right bank: Venna, Koyna,
and A S Bopanna on Monday several SC judgments have dealt Article 262 of the Constitution Panchganga, Dudhganga,
recused from hearing a matter with the issue. provides for the adjudication of Ghataprabha, Malaprabha and
related to distribution of Krishna 3. (a) In 1956, the first Krishna inter-state water disputes. Tungabhadra are the major
water dispute between Andhra Water Disputes Tribunal Under this, Parliament may by right-bank tributaries Left Bank:
Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra (KWDT) was set up. law provide for the adjudication Bhima, Dindi, Peddavagu, Halia,
and Karnataka. In 1969, the Krishna Water of any dispute or complaint with Musi, Paleru, and Munneru are
2. (c) The rules regarding recusal Disputes Tribunal (KWDT) was respect to the use, distribution the major left-bank tributaries.
PASSAGE 14 :
E minent rocket scientist [1]

has been appointed as the
Chairman of the Indian Space
Research Organisation (ISRO)
and the Space Secretary.
[1] is taking over the reins of
ISRO at a critical juncture when
sweeping reforms and critical
missions are set to define the
forward journey of the storied
space agency.
Commenting on his priorities,
[1] told The Hindu that space
sector reforms, which involves
hand-holding the private sector
and start-ups so that they
emerge as key partners in the
sector’s development, find a top passage? Sarabhai of Indian Space Assoiation?
spot on his list. a. Dr. K. Sivan d. All of the above a. One of the ISpA’s key
“We have to hold their hand b. Dr. AS Kirankumar goals is to support the
and support them to come 3. Which of the following was government’s efforts
c. Dr. Somanath
up. The idea is that the space the first Indian Satellite? to make India a global
d. Dr. K. Radhakrishnan leader in commercial
ecosystem should become more a. Rohini
vibrant, economically viable space exploration.
2. Which of the following is b. Aryabhata
and self-sustaining. IN-SPACe b. ISpA will interact
is defining a new model, which TRUE about ISRO? c. INSAT 1B with all stakeholders
is also designed to expand a. ISRO was formed in d. IRS – 1A in the Indian space
our space economy. The 1969 sector, including
`16,000-crore space economy b. It is the pioneer space 4. India account for how the government
that we have in India today exploration agency of much of the global share in and its agencies
should grow to a `60,000-crore India, headquartered at space economy? to advance policy
space economy,” said [1], who Bengaluru. advocacy.
has been serving as the Director a. 2%
c. ISRO replaced c. ISpA aims to contribute
of the Vikram Sarabhai Space b. 3%
its predecessor, to the Government of
Centre (VSSC) and the Indian c. 5 %
INCOSPAR, established India’s vision of making
Institute of Space Science and d. 9%
in 1962 by India’s India Atmanirbhar in
Technology (IIST)..
first Prime Minister space sector.
1. Which of the following will 5. Which of the following is
Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru d. All of the above
replace [1] in the above the TRUE about the work
and scientist Vikram
1. (c) Dr. Somanath planetary exploration and space Indian astronomer. It was 5. (d) All of the above
Eminent rocket scientist S. science research. launched on 19 April 1975 from One of the ISp’s key goals is to
Somanath has been appointed ISRO replaced its predecessor, Kapustin Yar, a Soviet rocket support the government’s efforts
as the Chairman of the Indian INCOSPAR (Indian National launch and development site to make India a global leader in
Space Research Organisation Committee for Space Research), in Astrakhan Oblast using a commercial space exploration.
(ISRO) and the Space Secretary. established in 1962 by India’s first Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. ISpA will interact with all
2. (d) All of the above Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal 4. (a) 2% stakeholders in the Indian
It is the pioneer space Nehru and scientist Vikram According to ISRO, the current space sector, including the
exploration agency of India, Sarabhai, considered amongst size of the global space economy government and its agencies
headquartered at Bengaluru. the founding fathers of the stands at about USD 360 billion. to advance policy advocacy.
ISRO was formed in 1969 with Indian space program. However, India accounts for only ISpA aims to contribute to the
a vision to develop and harness 3. (b) Aryabhata about 2% of the space economy Government of India’s vision of
space technology in national Aryabhata was India’s first with a potential to capture 9% of making India Atmanirbhar in
development, while pursuing satellite, named after the famous the global market share by 2030. space sector.
PASSAGE 15 :
T he North Atlantic Treaty

Organisation (NATO) and
Russia discussed the ongoing
situation in Ukraine and its
implications for security in
Europe. The talks happened
at the NATO-Russia Council
(NRC) which took place
at the NATO headquarters
in [1]. NRC is a forum for
consultation with Russia on
security issues and cooperation.
NATO was founded in [2], and
is meant to ensure collective
protection for its members —
the United States, Canada, and
American allies in Europe —
against the threat of possible
post-War communist expansion
cooperation under b. It was established in
and aggression by the Soviet
the NRC with Russia 1965. 5. Which of the following
Union.
has been suspended c. It was disbanded after is NOT TRUE about the
NATO has traditionally focused in response to Russia’s the dissolution of USSR. NATO-Russia Council?
on Russia and the European military intervention in
neighbourhood, and recognises d. The immediate occasion a. NRC was established
Ukraine since which of the at the NATO-Russia
the need to deter “revisionist” for the Warsaw Pact
following years? Summit in Rome.
and “militarily advanced” was the Paris agreement
Russia, and the threat posed by a.2 010 among the Western b. It was established in
rogue nations such as North b. 2012 powers admitting 2005.
Korea. c. 2014 West Germany to the c. It replaced the
North Atlantic Treaty Permanent Joint
1. Which of the following will d. 2015
Organization. Council (PJC),
passage? 3. Which of the following is d. Joint permanent
4. Which of the following will Council was a forum
a. New York NOT TRUE about Warsaw
replace [2] in the above for consultation and
Pact?
b. Geneva passage? cooperation created
a. Warsaw pact was
c. Brussels a. 1945 by the 1997 NATO-
formed by the
d. Bonn Soviet Union as a b. 1949 Russia Founding Act on
counterbalance to c. 1952 Mutual Relations.
2. Practical civil and military NATO. d. 1955
1. (c) Brussels not recognise and have referred the Warsaw Pact was the Paris Union.
The talks happened at the to as “illegal” and “illegitimate”. agreement among the Western 5. (b) It was established in 2005.
NATO-Russia Council (NRC) 3. (b) It was established in 1965. powers admitting West Germany NRC was established at the
which took place at the NATO The Soviet Union too, formed to the North Atlantic Treaty NATO-Russia Summit in Rome
headquarters in Brussels. its own defence and political Organization. (Rome Declaration) on 28 May
2. (c) 2014 alliance with Eastern European 4. (b) 1949 2002.
Since April 2014, practical civil nations as a counterbalance NATO was founded in 1949, It replaced the Permanent Joint
and military cooperation under to NATO — the Warsaw Pact and is meant to ensure collective Council (PJC), a forum for
the NRC with Russia has been that was signed in 1955. This protection for its members — consultation and cooperation
suspended. This happened in alliance was disbanded after the United States, Canada, and created by the 1997 NATO-
response to Russia’s military the dissolution of the Union of American allies in Europe — Russia Founding Act on Mutual
intervention in Ukraine and Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) against the threat of possible Relations.
its annexation of Crimea from in 1991. post-War communist expansion
Ukraine, which NATO allies do The immediate occasion for and aggression by the Soviet
PASSAGE 16 :
A fter a week of deadly unrest 4. Which of the following is

in Kazakhstan, Russia-led TRUE about Collective
forces who were sent to quell Security Treaty
riots are preparing to withdraw Organisation?
as President Kassym-Jomart a. When the Cold War
Tokayev nominated a new drew to a close in 1991,
prime minister. the Warsaw Pact, an
Tokayev said on Tuesday that alliance of eight socialist
the contingent of troops he states, and the Soviet
requested from the Collective Union’s answer to
Security Treaty Organization NATO, dissolved.
(CSTO), a military alliance of b. Less than a year
ex-Soviet states, would begin later, Russia and five
leaving the troubled Central of its allies in the
Asian country in two days, with Commonwealth of
the pullout to take no more Independent States,
than 10 days.
signed a new Collective
Kazakhstan and Russia have Security Treaty, which
framed last week’s crisis as a came into force in 1994.
coup attempt assisted by foreign
c. In 2002, as Central
“terrorists”, but have provided
Asia loomed larger in
little evidence to support the
geopolitics, it declared
claim.
b. Askar Mamin c. It is the top global itself the Collective
The clashes, in which citizens producer of uranium, Security Treaty
c. Roman Skylar
and police were killed, grew out which jumped in price Organisation, a full-
of a peaceful protest against an d. Erulan Jamaubaev
by 8% after the unrest. blown military alliance.
energy price rise in the west of
the oil-rich nation. d. All of the above d. All of the above
Kazakh security forces have TRUE about Kazakhstan?
detained almost 10,000 people 3. Collective Security Treaty 5. The Collective Security
a. Kazakhstan is the
over the unrest, Kazakhstan’s Organisation was created Treaty is also known as
world’s largest
interior ministry said on in which of the following which of the following?
landlocked country.
Tuesday. years? a. Moscow Pact
b. It has vast mineral
1. Who has been appointed as a. 1991 b. St. Petersburg Pact
resources, with 3% of
the new Prime Minister of global oil reserves and b. 1997 c. Tashkent Pact
Kazakhstan? important coal and gas c. 2002 d. Samara Pact
a. Alikhan Smailov sectors. d. 2005
1. (a) Alikhan Smailov important coal and gas sectors. When the Cold War drew to a In 1992, six post-Soviet states
Tokayev, who earlier sacked the It is the top global producer of close in 1991, the Warsaw Pact, belonging to the Commonwealth
government in an attempt to uranium, which jumped in price an alliance of eight socialist of Independent States—
ease dissent, nominated Alikhan by 8% after the unrest. states, and the Soviet Union’s Russia, Armenia, Kazakhstan,
Smailov as prime minister, and 3. (c) 2002 answer to NATO, dissolved. Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and
the lower house of parliament It is an intergovernmental Less than a year later, Russia Uzbekistan—signed the
swiftly voted him in for the job. military alliance (six countries) and five of its allies in the Collective Security Treaty (also
2. (d) All of the above that came into effect in 2002. It Commonwealth of Independent referred to as the "Tashkent
Sandwiched between Russia started storming into Kazakhstan States, signed a new Collective Pact" or "Tashkent
and China, Kazakhstan is the to curb the protests which Security Treaty, which came into Treaty"). Three other
world’s largest landlocked threatened the very existence force in 1994. In 2002, as Central post-Soviet states—Azerbaijan,
country, bigger than the whole of of the regime that has ruled the Asia loomed larger in geopolitics, Belarus, and Georgia—signed
Western Europe, though with a Central Asian country since it it declared itself the Collective the next year and the treaty took
population of just 19 million. It became an independent republic Security Treaty Organisation, a effect in 1994.
has vast mineral resources, with in 1991. full-blown military alliance.
3% of global oil reserves and 4. (d) All of the above 5. (c) Tashkent Pact
PASSAGE 17 :
T he northeastern states 4. Which of the following is

of India — Arunachal TRUE about the Findings
Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, of the Indian State of Forest
Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram, Report 2021?
Meghalaya and Sikkim — have a. ISFR 2021 has found
lost 1,020 square kilometres that the forest and tree
of forest during 2019-2021, cover in the country
according to the biennial India’s continues to increase
State of Forest Report 2021 with an additional
published by the Forest Survey cover of 1,540 square
of India. kilometres over the past
The eight states account for [1] two years.
per cent of the country’s total b. India’s forest cover is
forest cover. The Forest Survey now 7,13,789 square
of India defines “forest cover” as kilometres, 21.71%
all land of one hectare or more of the country’s
of tree patches with canopy
geographical area, an
density of more than 10 per
increase from 21.67%
cent.
in 2019. Tree cover has
This covers all land irrespective increased by 721 sq km.
of legal ownership and land
c. The states that have
use. While “recorded forest
shown the highest
area” includes only those
areas recorded as forests in increase in forest cover
b. 21.23 Indian State of Forest
government records as well as are Telangana (3.07%),
c. 23.75 Report?
the pristine forests. Andhra Pradesh
d. 25.10 a. It is an assessment of (2.22%) and Odisha
Among the eight states, [2] India’s forest and tree (1.04%).
recorded the largest loss in cover.
forest cover (249 sq kms), 2. The first Indian State d. All of the above
of Forest Report was b. It is published every
followed by Nagaland (235 sq
published in which of the five years by the Forest
kms) and Mizoram (186 sq 5. Which of the following will
following years? Survey of India.
kms). The report attributes this replace [2] in the above
loss in forest cover to shifting a. 1956 c. The Forest Survey of passage?
cultivation, which is practiced India works under
b. 1963 a. Manipur
in many northeastern states. the Ministry of
c. 1975 Environment, Forests b. Tripura
d. 1987 and Climate Change. c. Assam
passage? d. Indian State of Forest d. Arunachal Pradesh
3. Which of the following Report 2021 is the 17th
a. 19.50
is NOT TRUE about the report.
1. (c) 23.75 and this is widely considered ISFR 2021 has found that the Pradesh (2.22%) and Odisha
The eight states account for 23.75 comprehensive and robust. forest and tree cover in the (1.04%).
per cent of the country’s total 3. (b) It is published every five country continues to increase 5. (a) Manipur
forest cover. The Forest Survey years by the Forest Survey of with an additional cover of 1,540 Among the eight states, Manipur
of India defines “forest cover” as India. square kilometres over the past recorded the largest loss in
all land of one hectare or more of It is an assessment of India’s two years. India’s forest cover is forest cover (249 sq kms),
tree patches with canopy density forest and tree cover, published now 7,13,789 square kilometres, followed by Nagaland (235 sq
of more than 10 per cent. every two years by the Forest 21.71% of the country’s kms) and Mizoram (186 sq
2. (d) 1987 Survey of India under the geographical area, an increase kms). The report attributes this
The first survey was published in Ministry of Environment, Forests from 21.67% in 2019. Tree cover loss in forest cover to shifting
1987, and ISFR 2021 is the 17th. and Climate Change. The first has increased by 721 sq km. cultivation, which is practiced in
India is one of the few countries survey was published in 1987, The states that have shown the many northeastern states.
in the world that brings out and ISFR 2021 is the 17th. highest increase in forest cover
such a survey every two years, 4. (d) All of the above are Telangana (3.07%), Andhra
to be 3,488 km long, while

the Chinese consider it to
be only around 2,000 km.
c.It is divided into three
sectors: the eastern sector
which spans Arunachal
Pradesh and Sikkim,
the middle sector in
Uttarakhand and Himachal
Pradesh, and the western
sector in Ladakh.
d.All of the above

is NOT TRUE about
McMahon Line?
a.The McMahon Line
defines a clear boundary
line between India and
China.
PASSAGE 18 : statements blaming each other b.This line was determined
by Sir Henry McMahon,
T here was no breakthrough for the situation. 2. The June 2020 conflict
between India and China then Foreign Secretary in
for disengagement from The joint statement mentioned
took place at which of the the Government of British
[1] in the 14th round of Corps that “representatives from the
following places? India.
Commander level talks between defense and foreign affairs
India and China on Wednesday, establishments of the two sides a. Pangong Tso c.The length of this line is
but the two sides have agreed to were present at the meeting” 890 kilometers.
b. Kugrang Valley
meet again soon. Sources said and they had “a frank and d.China accepts this line as
that even though there was no in-depth exchange of views for c. Galwan Valley
the India-China Border.
agreement, the talks were in the the resolution of the relevant d. Depsang Bulge area
positive direction. issues” along the Line of Actual 5. Panchsheel agreement
The two sides issues a joint Control in the Western Sector. 3. Which of the following is between india and china
statement on Thursday, saying 1. Which of the following will TRUE about Line of Actual was signed in which of the
that they would consolidate replace [1] in the above Control? following year?
earlier outcomes and stay in passage? a.The LAC is the a. 1952
close contact. It brings relief a. Hot Springs demarcation that separates
from the last round of talks b. 1954
b. Galwan Valley Indian-controlled territory
in October, which had ended from Chinese-controlled c. 1957
in a stalemate. There was no c. Depsang Bulge
territory. d. 1960
joint statement, and the two d. Reqin La
sides had issued independent b.India considers the LAC
1. (a) Hot Springs clubs, not guns - was the first three sectors: the eastern sector McMahon, then Foreign
Recently, the 14th round of fatal confrontation between the which spans Arunachal Pradesh Secretary in the Government of
Corps Commander level talks two sides since 1975. and Sikkim, the middle sector British India. The length of this
concluded between India and 3. (d) All of the above in Uttarakhand and Himachal line is 890 kilometers. But China
China. The meeting resulted The LAC is the demarcation Pradesh, and the western sector does not accept this line.
in no breakthrough for that separates Indian-controlled in Ladakh. 5. (b) 1954
disengagement from Hot Springs territory from Chinese- 4. (d) China accepts this line as The Five Principles of Peaceful
and Gogra Post, but the two sides controlled territory. India the India-China Border. Coexistence, also known as
have agreed to meet again soon. considers the LAC to be 3,488 The McMahon Line defines a Panchsheel, were mentioned in
2. (c) Galwan Valley km long, while the Chinese clear boundary line between the preamble of the Sino-Indian
The June clash in the Galwan consider it to be only around India and China. This line Agreement 1954.
Valley - fought with sticks and 2,000 km. It is divided into was determined by Sir Henry
PASSAGE 19 :
T he Cabinet Committee on
Economic Affairs (CCEA)
on Thursday approved the
second phase of the Green
Energy Corridor scheme.
About 10,750 circuit kilometres
(ckm) of transmission lines
and around 27,500 mega volt-
amperes (MVA) of sub-station
capacity will be installed to
facilitate electricity evacuation
of around [1] of renewable
energy projects in Gujarat,
Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka,
Kerala, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu
and Uttar Pradesh in this phase.
The estimated cost of the d. 40 GW Pradesh, Karnataka, how much of its installed
scheme is Rs 12,031 crore, and Himachal Pradesh, capacity through non-fossil
33 per cent of the project cost Maharashtra, Madhya fuels?
2. Who among the following is
— around Rs 3,970.3 crore — Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
incharge of the Ministry of a. 450 GW
will be met as central financial and Rajasthan.
Power? b. 500GW
assistance.
a. R.K. Singh b. It is working for the grid
The transmission systems will c. 600 GW
integration and power
be created between FY22 and b. Hardeep Singh Puri d. 650 GW
evacuation of about
FY26, and the central financial c. Bhupendra Yadav 24GW of Renewable
assistance is seen to lower the d. Piyush Goyal Energy. 5. Which of the following
transmission charges, which States is added in the phase
will translate into lower power c. It aims to achieve
3. Which is the following the target of 450 GW II of the Scheme which was
costs.
NOT TRUE about the installed RE capacity by NOT in the phase I of the
1. Which of the following will Corridor? Scheme?
2030.
a. Phase 1 of the Green d. All of the above a. Himachal Pradesh
passage?
Energy Corridor b. Maharashtra
a. 20 GW is already under 4. Prime Minister Modi had c. Madhya Pradesh
b. 25 GW implementation in announced at COP 26, d. Uttar Pradesh
c. 30 GW Gujarat, Andhra India’s intent to achieve
1. (a) 20 GW 3. (d) All of the above installed capacity through non- Maharashtra, Rajasthan and
About 10,750 circuit kilometres This scheme is in addition to fossil fuels and 50% of its energy Tamil Nadu for grid integration
(ckm) of transmission lines GEC-Phase-I which is already requirement from renewables by and power evacuation of approx.
and around 27,500 mega volt- under implementation in the 2030, at COP26. 24 GW of RE power and is
amperes (MVA) of sub-station States of Andhra Pradesh, India had earlier expressed a expected to be completed by
capacity will be installed to Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, 450GW RE ambition. With 2022. The scheme will facilitate
facilitate electricity evacuation Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, 50GW to add on, the 500GW grid integration and power
of around 20 giga watt (GW) Maharashtra, Rajasthan and mission is no mean target as evacuation of approximately 20
of renewable energy projects Tamil Nadu for grid integration RE capacity has to be raised by GW of Renewable Energy (RE)
in Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, and power evacuation of approx. nearly 30-40GW per annum over power projects in seven States
Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan, 24 GW of RE power and is the next nine years -- that is by namely, Gujarat, Himachal
Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh in expected to be completed by 2030. Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala,
this phase. 2022. The scheme will help in 5. (d) Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttar
2. (a) R.K. Singh achieving the target of 450 GW GEC-Phase-I which is already Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh and
The Ministry of Power is an installed RE capacity by 2030. under implementation in the Kerala are the newer states added
Indian government ministry. The 4. (b) 500GW States of Andhra Pradesh, in Phase II.
current Union Cabinet Minister Modi had announced India’s Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh,
is Raj Kumar Singh. intent to achieve 500GW of its Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh,
PASSAGE 20 : had earlier said. India?
A fter becoming extinct in As per the action plan, a cohort a.Kuno Palpur National 4. International Union for
[1], cheetah is all set to of around 10-12 young cheetahs Park Conservation of Nature
return to India as the central that are ideal for reintroduction lists Asiatic Cheetah under
b. Nauradehi Wildlife
government on Wednesday shall be imported from which category?
Sanctuary
launched an action plan under Namibia or South Africa as a a. Extinct
which 50 of these big cats will founder stock during the first c. Gandhi Sagar Wildlife
Sanctuary b. Critically Endangered
be introduced in the next five year.
years. d. Mukundara Tiger c. Vulnerable
Union Environment Minister replace [1] in the above Reserve d. Threatened
Bhupender Yadav launched passage?
the action plan at the 19th a. 1947 3. What kind of a body 5. The Asiatic Cheetah’s are
meeting of the National Tiger is National Tiger now known to occur with
Conservation Authority b. 1952 certainty in which of the
Conservation Authority?
(NTCA) saying, “The Cheetah c. 1956 following regions?
a. Constitutional Body
that became extinct in d. 1962 a. Iran
independent India, is all set to b. Think Tank
return.” The plan to reintroduce b. Afghanistan
2. Which of the following c. Statutory Body
cheetah had gone in limbo due c. Israel
sites has been finalised to d. Non-Governmental
to COVID-19, an NTCA official Organisation d. Iran
reintroduce Cheetah in
1. (b) 1952 Kuno Palpur National Park 3. (c) Statutory Body Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert
After becoming extinct in 1952, (KNP) in Madhya Pradesh has NTCA is a statutory body under and India, but was extirpated in
cheetah is all set to return to been rated the highest. This is the Ministry of Environment, these regions during the 20th
India as the central government because of its suitable habitat Forests and Climate Change. century.
on Wednesday launched an and adequate prey base. KNP 4. (b) Critically Endangered 5. (d) Iran
action plan under which 50 of is 748 sq. km. in area, devoid of The Asiatic cheetah is a critically With a historic distribution
these big cats will be introduced human settlements, forms part endangered cheetah subspecies across southwest and central Asia
in the next five years. of Sheopur-Shivpuri deciduous surviving today only in Iran. to India, the Asiatic Cheetah is
2. (a) Kuno Palpur National Park open forest landscape and is It once occurred from the now only known to occur with
Amongst the 10 surveyed sites estimated to have a capacity to Arabian Peninsula and the Near certainty in Iran.
of the central Indian states, sustain 21 cheetahs. East to the Caspian region,
PASSAGE 21 : come together and adopt a d. 6 c. Globalization 4.0:
O nly one in 10 World coordinated multi-stakeholder Shaping a Global

Economic Forum approach to tackle unrelenting 3. Which of the following Architecture in the Age
members surveyed expects the global challenges and build is the Top global risk by of the Fourth Industrial
global recovery to accelerate resilience ahead of the next severity for the next 10 Revolution
over the next three years, a crisis,” [1], WEF managing years according to the d. Creating a Shared
poll of nearly 1,000 business, director, said. report? Future in a Fractured
government and academic 1. Which of the following will a. Geoeconomics World
leaders found, with only one in replace [1] in the above Confrontation
six optimistic about the world passage?
b. Debt Crisis 5. Which of the following
outlook. a. Saadia Zahidi is TRUE about World
Climate change was seen as c. Climate Action Failure
b. Anshula Kant Economic Forum?
the number one danger by d. Biodiversity Loss
c. Kristalina Georgieva a. WEF is a not-for-
respondents in the WEF’s
annual risks report on Tuesday, d. Gita Gopinath profit International
4. Which of the following was organization
while erosion of social the theme of the 51st World
cohesion, livelihood crises and 2. The WEF examined risk b. It was established in the
Economic Forum Annual
mental health deterioration across how many categories year 1971.
Meeting held in 2021?
were identified as risks which in Global Risks Report c. Its headquarter is
had increased the most since a. The Great Reset.
2022? located in Geneva,
the start of the COVID-19 b. Stakeholders for Switzerland.
a. 3 a Cohesive and
pandemic.
b. 4 d. All of the above
“Global leaders must Sustainable World.
c. 5
1. (a) Saadia Zahidi 3. (c) Climate Action Failure The 51st World Economic Forum Based in Geneva, Switzerland,
Saadia Zahidi is currently a “Extreme weather” and “climate Annual Meeting will be held WEF is a not-for-profit
Managing Director at the World action failure”—appear as top on the theme “The Great Reset” International organization
Economic Forum and a member risks in the short-, medium-and representing a commitment established in the year 1971.
of its Managing Board. long-term outlooks. to jointly and urgently build The Forum provides a platform
2. (c) 5 Governments, businesses, and the foundations of the global for the CEOs of the largest
It examines risks across societies are facing increasing economic and social system companies, heads of state of
five categories: economic, pressure to transition to net-zero for a more fair, sustainable and countries, to meet each other and
environmental, geopolitical, economies. resilient future. discuss business through bilateral
societal, and technological. 4. (a) The Great Reset. 5. (d) All of the above meetings.
a. 05 January.
b. 09 January.
c. 11 January.
d. 12 January.

the theme of the National
Youth Day 2022?
a. Yuvaah – Utsah Naye
Bharat Ka
b. Channelizing Youth
Power for Nation
Building
c. Sankalp Se Siddhi
d. It’s all in the mind
4. In which of the following

years did the United
Nations General
Assembly endorsed the
recommendation made
by the World Conference
of Ministers Responsible
for Youth that 12 August
be declared International
Youth Day?
a. 1980
b. 1988
PASSAGE 22: Youth Festival today in 1. Which of the following will
c. 1992
T he birth anniversary of [1] Puducherry on the occasion. replace [1] in the above
passage? d. 1999
is celebrated across India as The day is marked all over India
National Youth Day, to honour at schools and colleges, with a. Netaji Subhas Chandra
one of the greatest philosophers processions, speeches, music, Bose 5. In which of the following
and spiritual leaders. It also youth conventions, seminars, years did the Indian
b. Swami Vivekananda
marks his ideas on how the Yogasanas, presentations, Government first declared
young should participate in the competitions in essay-writing, c. Mahatma Gandhi to celebrate the birthday of
modern world while upholding recitations and sports every d. Shaheed Bhagat Singh [1] as National Youth Day?
their values. year. But due to the ongoing a. 1954
Prime Minister Narendra coronavirus pandemic and the 2. Which of the following day b. 1967
Modi is scheduled to virtually schools being shut, most of the is celebrated as the National
events will be held in virtual c. 1978
inaugurate the 25th National Youth Day in India?
mode. d. 1984
1. (b) Swami Vivekananda to observe the birth anniversary its resolution 54/120(link is In 1984, the Indian Government
The birth anniversary of Swami of Swami Vivekananda. external), the United Nations first declared to celebrate the
Vivekananda is celebrated across 3. (d) It’s all in the mind General Assembly endorsed the birthday of Swami Vivekananda
India as National Youth Day, Theme 2022: It’s all in the mind. recommendation made by the as National Youth Day. Since
to honour one of the greatest 25th National Youth Festival: World Conference of Ministers then the day has been celebrated
philosophers and spiritual The Prime Minister inaugurated Responsible for Youth (Lisbon, as National Youth Day all over
leaders. the 25th National Youth Festival 8-12 August 1998) that 12 the country.
2. (d) 12 January. which is a five-day festival. August be declared International
National Youth Day (NYD) is 4. (d) 1999 Youth Day.
held every year on 12th January On 17 December 1999, in 5. (d) 1984
PASSAGE 23 :
P rime Minister Narendra

Modi on Sunday (January
23) evening unveiled a grand,
digital statue of freedom fighter
and leader of erstwhile Indian
National Army (INA) Netaji
Subhas Chandra Bose to mark
the latter’s [1] birth anniversary.
The hologram statue has been
installed at the India Gate
canopy, which once housed
the statue of [2], the imperial
icon of the country that Netaji
fought all his life.
After unveiling Netaji’s statue,
Prime Minister Narendra Modi
highlighted the fact that Subhas
Chandra Bose had refused to
bow down before the British in
all his years of struggle. “Soon,
the hologram statue will be
replaced by a grand granite
statue,” the Prime Minister
said. “Netaji’s statue will inspire
democratic values and future a. 100th d. All of the above
generations.” 4. Which of the following will
b. 125th
Union home minister Amit 3. Which of the following replace [2] in the above?
c. 150th
Shah, who was also present is TRUE about Subhash a. King Charles I
at the event, said that the d. 175th
Chandra Bose? b. King George V
unveiling of the statue marks
another step towards reviving a. Subhas Chandra Bose c. Queen Elisabeth I
2. Subhas Chandra Bose
Netaji’s forgotten legacy in was born on 23rd
Aapda Prabandhan d. Edward VII
the history of India’s freedom January 1897
Puraskar is conferred
struggle. “Today marks a new on individuals and b. He was highly
5. Netaji started which of the
beginning for the nation,” the organisations for which of influenced by
following political party?
home minister said, in his the following? Vivekananda’s teachings
tribute to the life and works of a. Swaraj Party
a. Fighting for nations c. His political mentor was
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. Chittaranjan Das. b. Left Confress
b. Charity
1. Which of the following will d. All of the above c. The Forward Bloc
replace [1] in the above? c. Disaster management
d. The Communist Party
1. (b) 125th and honour the invaluable Guru. Netaji fought all his life.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi contribution and selfless service His political mentor was 5. (c) The Forward Bloc
on Sunday (January 23) evening rendered by individuals and Chittaranjan Das. He founded a new party, ‘the
unveiled a grand, digital statue organisations in India in the field He worked as the editor for Forward Bloc’. The purpose was
of freedom fighter and leader of of disaster management. Das’s newspaper–Forward, and to consolidate the political left
erstwhile Indian National Army 3. d. All of the above later started his own newspaper, and major support base in his
(INA) Netaji Subhas Chandra In 1919, he had cleared the Swaraj. home state Bengal.
Bose to mark the latter’s 125th Indian Civil Services (ICS) 4. (b) King George V
birth anniversary. examination. Bose, however, The hologram statue has been
2. (c) Disaster management resigned later. installed at the India Gate
The annual Subhas Chandra Bose He was highly influenced by canopy, which once housed the
Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar Vivekananda’s teachings and statue of King George V, the
has been instituted to recognize considered him as his spiritual imperial icon of the country that
PASSAGE 24 :
I ndia is likely to face more

challenges at the northern
border as China implements its
new border law from Saturday.
Sources said from now on
China is likely to dig in its
heels at the current disputed
positions at the Line of Actual
Control and will come up with
more model border villages --
to be used both for military and
civilian purposes.
Making a provocative assertion,
China on December 30, 1. Which of the following is and defend the border NOT TRUE?
2021 renamed 15 places of TRUE about China’s Land infrastructure. a. China has a
Arunachal Pradesh in their Border Law? d. All of the above 22,100-kilometer land
map.
a. The People’s Liberation border with 14 countries.
Major General Ashok Kumar Army (PLA) and
(Retd) told IANS, “The new 2. Which Indian State shares b. It has resolved the
Chinese People’s boundary disputes with 12
land border law is the latest the largest border with
Armed Police Force neighbours.
attempt by China to unilaterally China?
are assigned with
delineate and demarcate a. Jammu and Kashmir c. India and Magnolia are the
the responsibility of
territorial boundaries with two countries with which
maintaining security b. Arunachal Pradesh
India and Bhutan.” China is yet to finalise the
along the border. c. Sikkim
Explaining how this law has border agreements.
b. The law prohibits any d. Nagaland
huge implications for India, d. India-China border
party from indulging
Major General Kumar said that disputes cover 3,488-km
by bringing in such a law, and in any activity in the
3. China shares the largest along the Line of Actual
in conjunction with accelerated border area which
border with which of the Control.
construction of 624 “Xiaokong” would “endanger
national security following countries? 5. China accepted Line of
known as model villages along Actual Control in which of
and inside the disputed land or affect China’s a. India
friendly relations with the following years?
boundaries with India, the b. Bhutan
Chinese Communist Party neighbouring countries”. a. 1962
c. Magnolia
(CCP) has created conditions c. Even citizens and b. 1967
d. Russia
for a ‘militarised solution’ to the local organisations are c. 1979
boundary issue. mandated to protect
4. Which of the following is d. 1993
1. (d) All of the above Even citizens and local also referred as McMahon Line. boundary negotiations.
The People’s Liberation Army organisations are mandated to 3. (c) Magnolia India-China border disputes
(PLA) and Chinese People’s protect and defend the border The China-Mongolia land border cover 3,488-km along the Line
Armed Police Force are assigned infrastructure. is 4,630 km long. China, the 3rd of Actual Control, China-Bhutan
with the responsibility of Finally, the law provides for largest country in the world, dispute covers about 400 km.
maintaining security along the the border to be sealed in the shares its 22,147 km long borders 5. (d) 1993
border. event of a war, armed conflict, with 14 nations. However, the The boundary existed only as an
This responsibility includes incidents which threaten the country to its north, Mongolia, informal cease-fire line between
cooperating with local security of border residents shares the longest border with India and China after the 1962
authorities in combating illegal such as biological and chemical China. Sino-Indian War. In 1993, India
border crossings. accidents, natural disasters, and 4. (c) India and Magnolia are the and China agreed to respect of
The law prohibits any party public health incidents. two countries with which China the ‘Line of Actual Control’ in
from indulging in any activity 2. (b) Arunachal Pradesh is yet to finalise the border a bilateral agreement, without
in the border area which would Arunachal Pradhesh. This state agreements. demarcating the line itself.
“endanger national security or is the most northeastern one China and Bhutan signed an
affect China’s friendly relations of India. China and Arunachal MOU firming up a three-step
with neighbouring countries”. Pradesh share a border, which is roadmap for expediting the
from the French

and restored the
French Company
administration by the
Treaty of Paris in 1763.
d. All of the above
3. When was Pondicherry

renamed to Puducherry?
a. 1996
b. 1999
c. 2002
d. 2006

Union Territories in India?
PASSAGE 25: visible in action than the CM. 2. Which of the following is a. Currently India has
a total of 8 Union
T he Chief Minister (CM) With the elected government TRUE about Puducherry?
Territories.
of Puducherry Union being overshadowed and the a. The Union Territory of
Territory (UT), N Rangasamy, LG dominating the affairs, the Puducherry comprises b. Recently, the Dadar and
on November 14, 2021, made a demand for statehood seems a of the erstwhile Nagar Haweli is merged
statement in the 29th Southern distant dream for the residents French colonies viz. with Daman and Diu.
zonal council meeting held of the UT, which merged with Puducherry, Karaikal, c. Two Union Territories
in Tirupati on the statehood the Indian Union on August 16, Mahe and Yanam. have their own
demand. Before this, the CM, [2], from being a French colony. Legislative assemblies.
b. In 1674, the French
during a discussion in the d. All of the above
1. Which of the following will Company placed
assembly on September 1, 2021,
replace [1] in the above François Martin as the
said that the centre had decided
passage? first Governor and who 5. Which of the following will
on the statehood demand.
initiated the ambitious replace [2] in the above
Since then, the dominance of a. Dr Tamilisai
project to transform passage?
the Lieutenant Governor (LG) Soundarrajan
Pondicherry from a a. 1954
has only increased while the b. Biswabhusan small fishing village into
elected CM seems to have been Harichandan a flourishing port-town. b. 1956
sidelined from the day-to-day c. E. S. L. Narasimhan c. 1962
administration of the UT. [1], c. In 1761 the British
d. B. D. Mishra “East India Company” d. 1978
the LG-in-charge, also the
governor of Telangana, is more captured Puducherry
1. (a) Dr Tamilisai Soundarrajan by the state of Andhra Pradesh. Treaty of Paris in 1763. Puducherry, have their elected
Dr Tamilisai Soundarrajan, the In 1674, the French Company 3. (d) 2006 assembly, as these are granted
LG-in-charge, also the governor placed François Martin as Instruments of ratification with partial statehood, by an
of Telangana, is more visible in the first Governor and who were signed on Aug. 16, 1962, amendment to the Constitution.
action than the CM. initiated the ambitious project from which date Pondicherry, 5. (c) 1962
2. (d) All of the above to transform Pondicherry from consisting of the four enclaves, With the elected government
The Union Territory of a small fishing village into a became a union territory. The being overshadowed and the
Puducherry comprises of the flourishing port-town. In the territory formally took the name LG dominating the affairs, the
erstwhile French colonies viz. period of Anglo-French wars Puducherry in 2006. demand for statehood seems a
Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe and from 1742 to1763 Puducherry 4. (c) Two Union Territories distant dream for the residents
Yanam. The Puducherry and changed hands and in 1761 the have their own Legislative of the UT, which merged with
Karaikal regions are surrounded British “East India Company” assemblies. the Indian Union on August
by the State of Tamil Nadu, captured Puducherry from the Out of total eight union 16, 1962, from being a French
whereas Mahe is surrounded by French and restored the French territories in India, three U.T. i.e., colony.
the State of Kerala and Yanam Company administration by the Jammu and Kashmir, Delhi, and
own a residential plot

(other than in notified
municipalities) of area
200 square yards or
more.
d. All of the above
3. The amendment to added

the EWS category to the
Constitution of India added
which of the following
articles to the Constitution
of India?
a. Article 15(5)
b. Article 15(6)
c. Article 16(6)
d. Both b and c
PASSAGE 26 : called off their strike on the a. Rs 4 lakh

4. How much reservation
A head of the Supreme Court condition that the NEET b. Rs 6 lakh under the All India
hearing in the NEET post- PG counselling dates are
c. Rs 8 lakh Reservation Category does
graduate admissions case to be announced after the January 6
hearing in the Supreme Court. d. Rs 10 lakh the EWS Quota mandates?
held on January 6, the Centre
has filed an affidavit stating that In its affidavit, the Centre a. 7.5%
the [1] annual income criterion said that it will accept all the 2. Which of the following is b. 10%
for Economically Weaker recommendations of the three- the additional criteria for c. 12.5%
Sections (EWS) reservation will member committee that was EWS category apart from
d. 15%
remain. formed to evaluate the EWS the annual income limit?
Last month, resident doctors criteria. Which of the following is
5. In Indra Sawhney case, the
from across the country As per this, the current annual the eligibility criteria for
Supreme Court capped
protested against the delay family income limit of [1] for EWS certificate?
overall reservation at which
in the NEET PG admissions EWS reservation will remain. a. You should be a ‘general’
process. The Supreme Court Additionally, the residential of the following?
category candidate.
had put a stay on the process asset criterion is to be a. 55%
b. Your family should not
after a petition challenged the removed.. b. 50%
EWS criteria as ‘discriminatory’. own a residential flat of
1. Which of the following will area 1000 square feet or c. 60%
The court had asked how the
[1] income limit was decided. replace [1] in the above more. d. 47%
On Friday, the resident doctors passage? c. Your family should not
1. (c) Rs 8 lakh or more. Your family should not own a 4. (b) 10%
Ahead of the Supreme Court Your family should not own residential plot (other than in On 7 January 2019, Union
hearing in the NEET post- a residential flat of area 1000 notified municipalities) of area Council of Ministers approved a
graduate admissions case to be square feet or more. 200 square yards or more. 10% reservation in government
held on January 6, the Centre Your family’s gross annual 3. (d) Both b and c jobs and educational institutions
has filed an affidavit stating that income should be below Rs. 8 The Act amended Articles 15 for the Economically Weaker
the Rs 8 Lakh annual income lakhs. This includes income from and 16 of the Constitution by Section (EWS) in the General
criterion for Economically all sources such as agriculture, inserting 15(6) and 16(6). ... The category.
Weaker Sections (EWS) salary, business, etc. for the Amendment under Article 15(6) 5. (b) 50%
reservation will remain. financial year before you apply enables the State to make special In 1992, a Constitution Bench
2. (d) All of the above for the exam. provisions for the advancement of the Supreme Court, ruling in
You should be a ‘general’ Your family should not own of any economically weaker Indra Sawhney & Others vs
candidate. a residential plot (in notified section of citizens, including Union of India, capped the total
Your family should not own municipalities) of an area reservations in educational permissible reservation at 50
agricultural land of size 5 acres 100 square yards or more. institutions. percent.
c. Germany, France,
Russia, the United
Kingdom and the
United States are its
permanent members
with veto power.
d. More than 50 of the
UN’s member countries
have never been elected
to the council since its
formation.
3. Who among the following

is the Permanent
Representative of India to
the United Nations?
a. T.S. Tirumurti
b. Hardeep Singh Puri
c. Asoke Kumar Mukerji
d. Syed Akbaruddin

passage?
PASSAGE 27 : ceremony is a tradition that their terms Friday. a. 189
T he U.N. Security Council got

five new members Tuesday,
as Albania, Brazil, Gabon, Ghana
Kazakhstan started when on the
council in 2018.
The 15-member council is the
b. 193
c. 195
passage?
and the [1] formally took up the U.N.’s most powerful body. d. 198
posts they won in an election in China, France, Russia, the United a. Ireland
June. Kingdom and the United States b. Mexico
5. How many times has India
Ambassadors made brief are permanent members, with c. United Arab Emirates been elected as a Non-
remarks, installed their countries’ veto power. d. Kenya Permanent Member of
flags alongside those of other Other members are elected UNSC?
members outside the council by the [2]-member General
chambers, and posed for a Assembly for staggered, two- 2. Which of the following is a. 2
group photo — wearing face year terms that are allocated by TRUE about UNSC? b. 4
masks and standing apart, in an global regions. Estonia, Niger, a. It was formed in 1950. c. 5
acknowledgment of the ongoing St. Vincent and the Grenadines, b. It is a 20-member d. 8
coronavirus pandemic. The flag Tunisia and Vietnam finished council.
1. (c) United Arab Emirates France, Russia, the United Representative (UN ambassador) global regions. Estonia, Niger,
The U.N. Security Council got Kingdom and the United States is the head of the Permanent St. Vincent and the Grenadines,
five new members Tuesday, as are its permanent members with Mission of India to the United Tunisia and Vietnam finished
Albania, Brazil, Gabon, Ghana veto power. More than 50 of the Nations in New York City. their terms Friday.
and the United Arab Emirates UN’s 193 member countries have The current Permanent 5. (d) 8
formally took up the posts they never been elected to the council Representative of India to UN India on Monday formally
won in an election in June. since it was formed in 1946. is T. S. Tirumurti, who was began its eighth term as a
2. (d) More than 50 of the UN’s 3. (a) T.S. Tirumurti appointed in April 2020. non-permanent member of
member countries have never The Permanent Representative 4. (b) 193 the United Nations Security
been elected to the council since of India to the United Nations Other members are elected Council, promising to speak
its formation. is India’s foremost diplomatic by the 193-member General out against terrorism and offer
The 15 member council is the representative to the United Assembly for staggered, two- solutions related to matters like
UN’s most powerful body. China, Nations (UN). The permanent year terms that are allocated by international peace and security.
PASSAGE 28 : immunity for their
E VEN AS it set up a actions in disturbed

committee to look into the areas.
demand for removal of the d. All of the above
Armed Forces (Special Powers)
Act (AFSPA) from Nagaland, 4. Which of the following is
the Centre on Thursday NOT TRUE with regards to
extended the imposition of the AFSPA?
law in the state by six months.
a. The Act in its original
In a gazette notification issued
form was promulgated
on Thursday, the Union
by the British in
Ministry of Home Affairs
response to the Quit
(MHA) said: “Whereas the
India movement in
central government is of
the opinion that the area 1942.
comprising the whole of the b. After Independence, it
state of Nagaland is in such was first brought in as
a disturbed and dangerous an ordnance and then
condition that the use of notified as an Act in
armed forces in aid of the 1992.
civil power is necessary. Now, c. Punjab was the first
therefore, in exercise of the 1. Which of the following will state from where it was
powers conferred by [1] of replace [1] in the above 3. Which of the following is repealed, followed by
the Armed Forces (Special passage? TRUE about AFSPA? Tripura and Meghalaya.
Powers) Act, 1958 (No.28 of a. Section 3 a. AFSPA is invoked when d. It remains in force in
1958) the central government a case of militancy or
b. Section 4 Nagaland, Manipur,
hereby declares that whole of insurgency takes place
the state of Nagaland to be c. Section 6 Assam, J&K, and parts
and the territorial of Arunachal Pradesh.
‘disturbed area’ for a period of d. Section 9 integrity of India is at
six months with effect from risk.
30th December, 2021, for the 2. Which article of the 5. B.P. Jeevan Reddy
b. Security forces can Committee which
purpose of the said Act.” Constitution of India “arrest a person without recommended the repeal of
The imposition of AFSPA in confers power to the warrant”, who has
Nagaland was due to expire Central Government to AFSPA was set up in which
committed or even of the following years?
on December 31, as it was last protect every state from “about to commit a
extended in the state on June internal disturbance? a. 2001
cognizable offence” even
30. AFSPA can be imposed a. Article 352 b. 2002
based on “reasonable
in an area or a region for six
b. Article 354 suspicion”. c. 2003
months at a time, after which
it has to be extended if the c. Article 355 c. It also provides security d. 2004
government deems it necessary. forces with legal
d. Article 356
1. (a) Section 3 of India confers power to the suspicion”. After Independence, Prime
Now, therefore, in exercise of Central Government to protect It also provides security forces Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
the powers conferred by Section every state from internal with legal immunity for their decided to retain the Act,
3 of the Armed Forces (Special disturbance. actions in disturbed areas. which was first brought in as an
Powers) Act, 1958 (No.28 of 3. (d) All of the above While the armed forces and the ordnance and then notified as an
1958) the central government AFSPA is invoked when a case government justify its need in Act in 1958.
hereby declares that whole of the of militancy or insurgency takes order to combat militancy and 5. (d) 2004
state of Nagaland to be ‘disturbed place and the territorial integrity insurgency, critics have pointed In November 2004, the Central
area’ for a period of six months of India is at risk. out cases of possible human government appointed a five-
with effect from 30th December, Security forces can “arrest a rights violations linked to the act. member committee headed
2021, for the purpose of the said person without warrant”, who 4. (b) After Independence, it was by Justice B P Jeevan Reddy to
Act.” has committed or even “about first brought in as an ordnance review the provisions of the act
2. (c) Article 355 to commit a cognizable offence” and then notified as an Act in in the north-eastern states.
Article 355 of the Constitution even based on “reasonable 1992.
PASSAGE 29 :
F ive global nuclear powers

pledged on Monday to
prevent atomic weapons
spreading and to avoid
nuclear conflict, in a rare joint
statement ahead of a review of
a key nuclear treaty later this
year.
“We believe strongly that
the further spread of such
weapons must be prevented,”
said permanent UN Security
Council members China,
France, Russia, the U.K. and
U.S., adding: “A nuclear war
cannot be won and must never
be fought.”
The statement was issued after
the latest review of the Treaty
on the Non-Proliferation of Proliferation of Nuclear a. 1978 States.
Nuclear Weapons (NPT) — Weapons? b. 1990 c. Nuclear-weapon states
which first came into force in a. India parties under the NPT
c. 1993
[1] — was postponed from its are defined as those
scheduled date of January 4 b. Pakistan d. 1995
that manufactured and
to later in the year due to the c. Israel
exploded a nuclear
COVID-19 pandemic. d. All of the above 4. Which of the following is weapon or other nuclear
Putting aside current TRUE about NPT? explosive devices before
differences that have caused 2. Which of the following will a. It requires countries to 1st January, 1967.
major tensions between both replace [1] in the above give up any present or d. All of the above
China and Russia and their passage? future plans to build
Western partners, the five nuclear weapons in
a. 1955 5. In which of the following
world powers said they saw return for access to
“the avoidance of war between b. 1960 years did India tested its
peaceful uses of nuclear
nuclear-weapon states and the c. 1970 first Nuclear Test?
energy.
reduction of strategic risks as d. 1981 a. 1967
our foremost responsibilities.” b. It represents the only
binding commitment in b. 1974
1. Which of the following 3. In which of the following a multilateral treaty to c. 1978
countries are not a part years did NPT was the goal of disarmament d. 1998
of Treaty on the Non- extended indefinitely? by the nuclear-weapon
1. (d) All of the above Weapons (NPT) — which first 4. (d) All of the above other nuclear explosive devices
India is one of the only five came into force in 1970 — was It requires countries to give up before 1st January, 1967.
countries that either did not sign postponed from its scheduled any present or future plans to 5. (b) 1974
the NPT or signed but withdrew date of January 4 to later in build nuclear weapons in return India on May 18, 1974 conducted
later, thus becoming part of a the year due to the COVID-19 for access to peaceful uses of its first nuclear test, codenamed
list that includes Pakistan, Israel, pandemic. nuclear energy. ‘Smiling Buddha’, in Rajasthan’s
North Korea, and South Sudan. 3. (d) 1995 It represents the only binding Pokhran, becoming a nuclear
India always considered the Opened for signature in 1968, commitment in a multilateral power. In May 1998, India again
NPT as discriminatory and had the Treaty entered into force treaty to the goal of disarmament conducted a series of nuclear
refused to sign it. in 1970. On 11 May 1995, the by the nuclear-weapon States. tests at the same location (called
2. (c) 1970 Treaty was extended indefinitely. Nuclear-weapon states parties Pokhran-II tests).
The statement was issued after A total of 191 States have joined under the NPT are defined as
the latest review of the Treaty on the Treaty, including the five those that manufactured and
the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear nuclear-weapon States. exploded a nuclear weapon or
d. Yamuna River
4. India ranks at which

position with respect to the
total number of dams in a
country?
a. 1st
b. 2nd
c. 3rd
d. 4th

is NOT TRUE about
the Central Water
Commission?
a. CWC was earlier known
as Central Waterways,
Irrigation and
Navigation Commission
i.e. CWINC.
PASSAGE 30: generate 115 megawatts of d. Gujarat b. It was established
G andhi Sagar Dam on electricity. It has been breached in 1945 by the

Chambal River in [1] is several times in recent years, 2. Which of the following will Government on the
in need of immediate repair, causing flooding in downstream replace [2] in the above advice of Dr. B.R.
warned a new report. It is one areas, showed reports. passage? Ambedkar, Member
of the five water reservoirs of Three districts in the state — a. 1955 (Labour) in Viceroy’s
national importance. Sheopur, Morena and Bhind, Executive Council.
with an approximate collective b. 1960
Absence of regular checks, c. The CWC is headed
non-functional instruments population of 4.35 million (as c. 1965 by a chairman, with
and choked drains are the per the 2011 Census) — lie d. 1970 the status of Ex-Officio
major problems plaguing the downstream the dam. Secretary to the
dam for years, the report by 3. Kallanai Dam is built on Government of India.
the Comptroller and Auditor which of the following
replace [1] in the above d. The organization
General of India (CAG) rivers?
passage? currently functions
released December 23, 2021.
a. Madhya Pradesh a. Krishna River as an office attached
Gandhi Sagar Dam was to the Ministry of
b. Rajasthan b. Cauvery River
constructed in [2] to provide Environment, Forest
drinking water to several c. Chhattisgarh c. Ganga River
and Climate Change.
districts of Rajasthan and
1. (a) Madhya Pradesh been breached several times in Dam. Also known as the Grand by 2050.
Gandhi Sagar Dam on Chambal recent years, causing flooding Anicut, the dam is thought to be 5. (d) The organization currently
River in Madhya Pradesh is in downstream areas, showed the oldest dam in the world that’s functions as an office attached
in need of immediate repair, reports. still in use. to the Ministry of Environment,
warned a new report. It is one 3. (b) Cauvery River 4. (c) 3rd Forest and Climate Change.
of the five water reservoirs of The Grand Anicut Dam or India is ranked third in the world The organization currently
national importance. Kallanai Dam was built on the in terms of building large dams. functions as an office attached
2. (b) 1960 Cauvery river by King Karikalan Of the over 5,200 large dams to the Ministry of Jal Shakti,
Gandhi Sagar Dam was of Chola dynasty in the first built so far, about 1,100 large under the Department of Water
constructed in [2] to provide century. The Oldest Dam in the dams have already reached 50 Resources, River Development,
drinking water to several districts World Still in Use. India is a land years of age and some are older and Ganga Rejuvenation.
of Rajasthan and generate 115 rich with history, and one of its than 120 years. The number of
megawatts of electricity. It has many wonders is the Kallanai such dams will increase to 4,400
1. ISRO is likely to launch investment of Rs 35 crores, energy transition through a • NMCG is the
“Aditya-L1 mission” to over five-acre land. solar-led approach. implementation wing of
study the sun, in year 2022. National Ganga Council
• The geological park • The ISA is an
(set in 2016
• It is India’s first solar will be built in Lamheta, intergovernmental treaty-
mission. because this place is among based organisation with a • NMCG replaced the
significant places in the global mandate to catalyse National Ganga River Basin
• It will be launched using
world, from the geological solar growth by helping to Authority (NRGBA).
the Polar Satellite Launch
point of view. reduce the cost of financing
Vehicle (PSLV) in XL
and technology.
configuration.
5. Prohibition of Child
• it is an Indian initiative
• The space-based Marriage (Amendment)
that was launched by the
observatory will have seven Bill 2021
Prime Minister of India
payloads (instruments) on
and the President of France • the Union Government
board to study the Sun’s
on 30th November 2015 introduced the Prohibition
corona, solar emissions,
in Paris, France on the of Child Marriage
solar winds and flares, and
side-lines of the UNFCCC (Amendment) Bill 2021 in
Coronal Mass Ejections
Conference of the Parties Lok Sabha.
(CMEs), and will carry out
(COP-21)
round-the-clock imaging of • Prohibition of Child
the Sun. • The Headquarters is Marriage (Amendment)
• In 1928, William
in India with its Interim Bill 2021 was referred to
• Lagrangian points are Henry Sleeman had
Secretariat being set up in a Parliamentary Standing
the locations in space where discovered a Dinosaur fossil
Gurugram. Committee.
the combined gravitational from this area.
pull of two large masses • The parliamentary
• UNESCO has also
roughly balance each other. standing committee
recognised Lamheta as a 4. G Asok Kumar was
constituted to examine
• There are five such geo heritage site. appointed as the new
“The Prohibition of Child
points in Sun-Earth system DirectorGeneral of the
Marriage (Amendment)
and they are denoted as L1, National Mission for Clean
3. The Caribbean nation Bill, 2021” comprise of
L2, L3, L4 and L5 Ganga (NMCG)
of Antigua and Barbuda a total of 31 members,
joined the International • Additional Secretary including only one women
Solar Alliance (ISA) under the Ministry of Jal representative.
2. The first geological park
Shakti, G Asok Kumar
of India will be built in • The Caribbean nation • Out of the total
was appointed as the new
Lamheta, Jabalpur in of Antigua and Barbuda 31 members, TMC MP
DirectorGeneral of the
Madhya Pradesh joined the International Sushmita Dev is the sole
National Mission for Clean
Solar Alliance (ISA) as woman representative in the
• Geopark is a unified Ganga (NMCG) under the
the 102nd member by committee.
area, which advances the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
protection and use of signing the International • The Bill seeks to raise
Solar Alliance Framework • He succeeded
geological heritage in a the legal age of marriage for
Agreement the India- Director-General, Rajiv
sustainable manner. It also women in India from 18 to
led global green energy Ranjan Mishra.
promotes the economic 21 to bring it at par with
well-being of the people initiative. • Kumar is popularly men.
living there. • The Prime Minister known as ‘the Rain Man of
of Antigua and Barbuda, India’ for his excellent work
• Approval for the park
in rainwater harvesting 6. Kazakhstan government
was given by the Geological Gaston Browne signed the
under the “Jal Shakti resigns following fuel price
Survey of India, under the framework agreement in
Abhiyan: Catch the Rain” protests
ministry of mining. Park the presence of Indian High
Commissioner Dr K. J. campaign.
will be constructed with an • The protests began when
Srinivasa to catalyze global the ruling government
of Kazakhstan lifted the stopped oil supplies as the • Union Environment which was inaugurated on
price controls of Liquified electricity board has large Minister, Bhupender Yadav January 10, 1975, by the
Petroleum Gas. unpaid bills. has launched the 17th then prime minister Indira
edition of the biennial Gandhi
• The prices quickly doubled • The Indian High
‘India State of Forest
after the lift. Commissioner to Sri Lanka . • The language got its
Report (ISFR)’ 2021. ISFR
Gopal Baglay met Cabraal name from the Persian term
is released by the Forest
and expressed India’s strong ‘Hind’ which means ‘the
Survey of India (FSI), every
support to Sri Lanka in the land of Indus’.
two years since 1987 to
wake of RBI extending over
assess the country’s forest • The language is
USD 900 million facilities.
resources. India’s forest and spoken in India, Trinidad,
tree cover rose by 2,261 Nepal, Guyana, Mauritius
square kilometres in ISFR and other countries.
8. Passport Ranking 2022
2021 as compared to the
• The parliament | Henley Passport Index
assessment of 2019. This
of Kazakhstan has 2022
includes an increase of 11. National Human
unanimously approved the • Christian H. Kaelin 1,540 square kilometres in Trafficking Awareness Day
appointment of Alikhan (chairman of Henley & forest cover and a 721 sq km
Smailov as the new Prime • This year National
Partners) is originally increase in tree cover.
Minister of the country. Human Trafficking
credited with creating the
• The top five states in Awareness Day is observed
• His name was nominated Henley Passport Index
terms of increase in forest on January 11, 2022
by Kazakh President (HPI) ranking.
cover. • The day aims at
Kassym-Jomart Tokayev on
January 11, 2022. • States showing loss raising awareness of the
in forest cover: Arunachal plight of human trafficking
• Prior to this, the 49- year- Pradesh > Manipur > victims, and promoting and
old Smailov served as the Nagaland > Mizoram > protecting their rights.
country’s finance minister Meghalaya.
from 2018 to 2020. He
became the first deputy • India has improved its • Largest forest cover 12. National Youth Day
prime minister in the position by seven places to in India: Madhya Pradesh
Cabinet in 2019. rank at 83rd place among > Arunachal Pradesh > • In India, the National
111 countries in the latest Chhattisgarh > Odisha > Youth Day is celebrated
Henley Passport Index, Maharashtra on 12 January annually to
7. India give support to Sri released for Q1 of 2022. commemorate the birth
• The states from the anniversary of Swami
Lanka to overcome forex Oman and Armenia are the North eastern region of the
crisis latest destinations where Vivekananda.
country have the highest
• India has announced Indian passport holders can percentage of forest cover • The main aim behind
financial assistance of USD visit without obtaining a w.r.t. total geographical this is to make sure that the
900 million loans to Sri visa. area of the state.Mizoram students across the country
Lanka to help the island • Japan and Singapore (84.53%) > Arunachal can be encouraged to learn
nation in building up its have retained the joint Pradesh (79.33%) > about the life, the ideas
depleted foreign reserves top position in the Henley Meghalaya (76.00%) and philosophy of Swami
and for food imports. Global Mobility Report > Manipur (74.34%) > Vivekananda and apply
2022 Q1. Nagaland (73.90%). them in their lives.
• These comprise
deferment of Asian Clearing • Their passports holders • In 2007, the United
Union settlement of over are allowed to travel visafree States Senate ratified the
10. World Hindi Day resolution establishing
USD 509 million and to 192 countries.
currency swap of USD 400 • World Hindi Day is January 11th as National
million. • Afghanistan has the celebrated on January 10 Human Trafficking
world’s least powerful since 2006. Awareness Day.
• It must be noted that passports, with a visa-free
Sri Lanka is currently facing score of 26. • Its aim is to promote • In 2010, President
a shortage of almost all the language at the global Obama dedicated the
essential commodities due stage. entire month of January to
to a shortage of dollars to 9. ‘India State of Forest awareness and prevention
• The day marks the of human trafficking.
pay for the imports. Report (ISFR)’ 2021. anniversary of the first
• The state fuel entity has World Hindi Conference • Today, there are over
50 established organizations of the Smarak Stambh, the 1,000th birth anniversary of • The Indian Navy’s
that globally combat this main pillar of the memorial, the saint. indigenously designed
illegal practice, and more inside the Amar Chakra. and built guided-missile
• R a m a n u j a c h a r y a
awareness has been raised The names of 25,942 destroyer, INS Kochi, took
was an 11th-century saint
than ever before. soldiers have been inscribed part in the exercise.
and a revolutionary social
in golden letters on granite
reformer. • INS Kochi:It is an
tablets.
indigenously designed
13. The government of India
14.
Prime Minister Narendra second ship of the Kolkata-
has merged the flame of the
Modi has declared to mark class stealth guided-missile
Amar Jawan Jyoti at Delhi’s
16th January as ‘National destroyers, was built under
India Gate with the flame
Start-up Day’. the code name of Project
at the adjoining National
15A for the Indian Navy.
War Memorial on January • PM Modi has
It was constructed by
21, 2022, ahead of Republic announced that Startups are
Mazagon Dock Limited
Day. the backbone of India
• The statue will be called (MDL) in Mumbai and
• The ceremony was led • The announcement was later commissioned to
as the ‘Statue of Equality’.
by the Integrated Defence was made by PM Modi on the Indian Navy services
Staff chief, Air Marshal January 15, 2022, via video • It is located in a 45- acre in 2015, after undergoing
Balabadhra Radha Krishna. conferencing during a week- complex at Shamshabad on extensive sea trials.
long event “Celebrating the outskirts of Hyderabad
• The decision to merge
Innovation Ecosystem” as in Telangana.
the two flames was taken
a part of Azadi ka Amrit
keeping in mind that flame
Mahotsav.
at Amar Jawan Jyoti payed 16. Indonesia shifts its capital
homage to the martyrs • The Prime Minister from Jakarta to Nusantara
of 1971 but none of their interacted with more than
names are present there, 150 startups across different • Indonesia will move its
while names of all Indian sectors, during the event. capital to mineral-rich East
martyrs from all the wars, Kalimantan, an Indonesian • Russian Federation
• The government has province on the island of Navy was represented by
including 1971 and wars
set up various schemes and Borneo. RFS Admiral Tributs.
before and after it are
institutional mechanisms
housed at the National • The name of the new • Other Exercises of
such as ‘Start-Up India,
War Memorial. So housing capital will be Nusantara, India and Russia:Exercise
Stand-India’ type of
the flame at the same place which means “archipelago” TSENTR 2019 (Multilateral
programmes and ‘Make
along with the names will in Javanese. Military Exercise),Indra
in India’ which ensure the
serve as a true tribute to Exercises - Joint Tri-
hand-holding of young • It will be based in
martyrs. Services (Army, Navy, Air
innovators. the regions of North
• This will also do away Force) Exercises.
• India displace the Penajam Paser and Kutai
with upkeeping two flames Kartanegara.
United Kingdom (U.K.)
for the same purpose.
to be third in the list of • The new project is 18.
World Economic Forum’s
• Amar Jawan Jyoti countries that are home to likely to cost around 466 (WEF’s) Davos Agenda
The Amar Jawan Jyoti such enterprises valued at trillion rupiah ($32 billion). Summit 2022
was inaugurated on the more than $1 billion each,
Republic Day of 1972 by the according to a report by • This name has high • India’s Prime
then Prime Minister Indira Hurun Research Institute. relevance to social and Minister Narendra Modi
Gandhi. The eternal flame cultural history of Indonesia has addressed the World
of Amar Jawan Jyoti was lit Economic Forum’s (WEF’s)
in memory of soldiers who 15.
216-foot statue of Davos Agenda Summit
laid their lives during the Ramanujacharya 17. Indian Navy and Russian 2022, through video-
1971 IndoPakistan war. Navy undertook PASSEX conferencing.
• Prime Minister exercises
• About National War Narendra Modi will
Memorial The National War inaugurate a 216-foot • Indian Navy and
Memorial was inaugurated statue of Ramanujacharya Russian Navy undertook
by Prime Minister Narendra in a sitting position in PASSEX exercises at the
Modi on February 25, 2019. Hyderabad port of Cochin, in the
The eternal torch of this Arabian Sea.
• It will celebrate the
memorial burns at the heart
• The “Davos Agenda • T r a n s p a r e n c y Djokovic of Serbia have resigned, plunging the
2022” summit is being held International has released won 20 Grand slams country into further
digitally from January 17 to the Corruption Perceptions turmoil.
• There are four Grand
January 21, 2022, due to the Index (CPI) 2021in which
Slam tournaments in Tennis • Prime Minister of
Covid-19 pandemic. India has been ranked at
viz. Australian Open, Sudan, Abdalla Hamdok has
85th spot (Score of 40).
• The theme of the event French Open, Wimbledon announced his resignation
is “The State of the World.” and US Open. on January 02, 2022.
• The WEF annual • They are also called • The decision follows a
meeting in Davos Majors. military coup that caused
(Switzerland) engages political deadlock and
the world’s top leaders to widespread pro-democracy
shape global, regional and 22. Israel and India celebrate protests in the country.
industry agendas. 30 years of diplomatic
• The ranking has been • The 66-year-old
relations
• The World Economic topped jointly by three Hamdok served as the 15th
Forum (WEF) is a Swiss countries- Denmark, • India officially Prime Minister of Sudan
nonprofit foundation Finland and New Zealand recognized Israel in 1950. from 2019 to 2022
established in 1971, based (Score of 88). • However, the • Sudan is in a class of
in Geneva, Switzerland.
• This ranking measures diplomatic ties between the its own, with six coups and
how corrupt each country’s countries were established 10 failed attempts since
public sector is perceived to only in 1992 independence in 1956.
19.
Oxfam India, “Inequality
Kills” report, be. • India’s embassy is • Since the recent coup
• The results are given located in Tel Aviv and (2021) the protestors have
• According to Oxfam
on a scale of 0 (highly Israel’s embassy is located in been protesting against the
India, “Inequality Kills”
corrupt) to 100 (very clean). Delhi. coup and for a democratic
report, the wealth of India’s
180 countries are ranked in • the US embassy is government.
richest families reached to a
record high in 2021. it. located in Jerusalem.
• In the report, India • This year’s Corruption • US recognized 25. Global Economic Prospects
was described as a ‘very Perceptions Index (CPI) Jerusalem in 2017 and Report
unequal,’ country, as the top reveals that corruption levels shifted its embassy there.
are at a worldwide standstill. • According to the report
10 people in India holds 57
The global average remains the Indian economy is to
per cent of the wealth.
unchanged for the tenth 23.
James Webb Space contract by 9.6% in 2020-
• On the other hand, the year in a row, at just 43 out 21. The Indian economy
Telescope
share of the bottom half is of 100 points. is to recover 5.4 percent in
13 percent. • The James Webb Space 2021-22.
Telescope succeeded the
• The report states that • The contraction in
21. Rafael Nadal won his 21st Hubble Space Telescope.
84% of Indian households Indian economy will be
witnessed an income Grand Slam title. • It was jointly built by mainly due to sharp decline
decline amid the covid-19 • He beat Daniil NASA, European Space in household spending and
pandemic. Medvedev at the Australian Agency and Canadian Space private investment.
Open Final to grab his Agency.
• The richest 98 Indians • The informal sector
own the same wealth as the Grand Slam. • It uses infrared light to that accounts to four fifth of
bottom 552 million people. make observations. employment in the country
The number of Indian • James Webb Space has been badly affected.
billionaires increased from Telescope was at first called • On the other hand, the
102 to 142, during 2021. the “Next Generation Space world economy is to expand
The wealth of the top 100 Telescope”. by 4% in 2021.
families is Rs 57.3 trillion.
• It was renamed in • The services and
• With this Nadal has 2002. manufacturing sector are
20. Transparency International become the first player to gaining Momentum.
has released the Corruption win 21 grand slam titles.
Perceptions Index (CPI) 24.
Sudan’s civilian Prime
• Roger Federer of Minister Abdalla Hamdok
2021
Switzerland and Novak
1. The Union Government has Rules, 2021. The Act which in turn makes the People’s Republic of China
decided to constitute a panel stipulates the pecuniary area drier. While more (PRC) shall set up boundary
to consider withdrawal of jurisdiction of each tier of lithium may be extracted, markers on all its land
the Armed Forces Special consumer commission. The it may become even more borders to clearly mark the
Powers Act (AFSPA) from new rules revised pecuniary unfit for humans. The new border. Further, the People’s
Nagaland. The decision jurisdiction for entertaining constitution will focus on Liberation Army (PLA) and
came in the aftermath consumer complaints. lithium mining and its Chinese People’s Armed
One important point is regulation. In addition, it Police Force are assigned
will foresee how lithium with the responsibility
mining benefits indigenous of maintaining security
communities. The architects along the border. The law
of the new constitution will prohibits any party from
also assess whether Chile’s indulging in any activity
political system needs a in the border area which
of killing of six civilians revamp. This reworking would “endanger national
in an Army ambush on the Revised Pecuniary of the constitution is a security or affect China’s
December 4, 2021. The Jurisdiction: 50 lakh (earlier reminder of changing friendly relations with
Nagaland Assembly passed less than 1 crore) for District priorities in a world neighbouring countries”.
a unanimous resolution Commissions, More than moving towards climate
Source: https://
for repealing the Act while Rs. 50 lakh to Rs. 2 Crore catastrophes.
indianexpress.com/article/
civil society organisations (earlier 1 crore to 10 crore)
Source: https:// explained/explained-
have led massive street for State Commissions
indianexpress.com/ chinas-border-law-
protests across the state. and More than Rs. 2
article/world/chile- india-7702803/
This panel will be a five- Crore (earlier more than
constitution-confronting-
member committee and is 10 crore) for the National
climate-change-mining-
to be chaired by a Secretary- Commission.
comp ani es-e col og i c a l- 5.
Recently, the Finance
level officer. Further,
Source: https://www. emergency-lithum- Ministry has sought views
Registrar General & Census
gktoday.in/current-affairs/ mining-7695748/ of the Reserve Bank of
Commissioner of India,
c o n s u m e r- p r o t e c t i o n - India (RBI) on drafting a
Vivek Joshi will head the
direct-selling-rules-2021/ modified version of the
committee. The Committee
4. China’s new law on land Financial Resolution and
has been mandated to
borders came into effect
submit its report within 45
3.
The South American from 1st January, 2022.
days.
country of Chile has formed It comes at a time when
Source: https://www. a Constitution Convention
thehindu.com/news/ to write a new constitution
n at i on a l / o t h e r- s t at e s / to tackle a “climate and
panel-to-look-into- ecological emergency.”
afspa-withdrawal-from- Chilean politicians want to Deposit Insurance (FRDI)
nagaland/article38041955. leverage its lithium to make Bill in order to deal with
ece the country richer. There’s a Insolvency of Firms in
problem - lithium mining the financial sector. In
causes soil moisture to 2018, the Government had
2. Recently, in exercise of decline and causes daytime withdrawn the FRDI Bill
provisions under the 2017 amid concerns over the
Consumer Protection border standoff in eastern security of bank deposits.
Act, 2019, the Central Ladakh remains unresolved The bill will provide for
Government has notified and several places in establishing a resolution
the Consumer Protection Arunachal Pradesh have authority, which would
(Jurisdiction of the District been renamed recently by have powers to undertake
Commission, the State China as part of its claim prompt resolution for
Commission and the on the Indian state. The banks, insurance companies
National Commission) temperatures to increase new law lays down that the and systemically important
financial firms. The public holiday to celebrate petitioner Payel Biswas, down as anti-military
legislation will also provide the Liberation Day of the who runs a spa named protests continued to rock
for an insurance of up to Rs Union territory, has held ‘Queen Ayurvedic Cross the country. Sudanese pro-
5 lakh for bank depositors, that there is no legally Spa Centre in Tamil Nadu’s democracy groups rejected
which already has a legal enforceable fundamental Tiruchirappalli district. Mr. Hamdok’s deal with
backing. right to a public holiday and the military and demanded
Source: https://
whether or not to declare a the Generals hand over
Source: https:// indianexpress.com/article/
particular day as a public power to an independent
indianexpress.com/ cities/chennai/cctvs-in-
civilian authority. Since
article/business/ spas-violate-right-to-
independence Sudan has
banking-and-finance/ bodily-privacy-madras-
modified-frdi-bill-up-for- high-court-7707391/
discussions-7702781/
9. The Competition
6. The Centre is considering Commission of India
holiday or optional holiday
action under the Special recently ordered an
is a matter of government
Protection Group (SPG) investigation against Google
policy. The High Court
Act against Punjab Police for its dominance in news.
pronounced that India has been governed, with only
officers following the alleged Most of the online traffic of
too many public holidays. occasional breaks, by an
breach in security of Prime news websites come from
It is important to reduce Arab elite in Sudan, bent
Minister Narendra Modi Google. The Commission
them. on plundering the country’s
during his visit to Punjab is of prima facie view
considerable wealth at the
recently. Section 14 of the Source: https://www. that Google has violated
expense of its people. Their
SPG Act makes the state gktoday.in/current-affairs/ provisions of Section 4 of
rule, exercised through the
government responsible for hc-pubic-holiday-not-a- the Competition Act, 2002
army, has been cloaked in
providing all assistance to fundamental-right/ which pertains to abuse
the language of Islam; it is
the SPG during the PM’s of dominant position.
really a kleptocracy.
movement. The Special Digital News Publishers
Protection Group was 8. The Madurai bench of Association (DNPA) Source: https://
created in 1985. The SPG Madras High Court’s has filed the complaint w w w. a l j a z e e r a . c o m /
protects Prime Minister Justice G R Swaminathan against Alphabet Inc, news/2022/1/3/
and his immediate family has said that a recent Google LLC, Google India u n c e r t a i nt y - i n - s u d a n -
members. It also protects order passed by another Private Ltd and Google as-pm-resigns-crisis-
the former prime ministers. judge of the same court, Ireland Ltd. According to explained-in-600-words
The Centre is preparing to mandating the installation DNPA, Google is holding and
take action against erring of CCTV cameras monopoly. Google makes
https://www.thehindu.com/
officials under provisions inside spas [massage unilateral decisions about
news/international/the-
of the SPG Act. This could and therapy centres], the money paid to the news
continuing-political-crisis-
entail summoning the appears to run counter publishers.
in-sudan/article38123162.
officers responsible to Delhi
Source: https://www. ece
or instituting a central-level
business-standard.com/
inquiry against them.
ar t i c l e / c omp an i e s / c c i -
Source: https://www. orders-go og le-inquir y- 11. A Division Bench of
gktoday.in/current-affairs/ af te r- ne w s - publ i she rs - the Gujarat High Court
special-protection-group- complain-122010701346_1. has asked a journalist
spg-act-highlights/ html facing contempt of court
to the Supreme Court’s
proceedings to speak only
landmark judgement in K.S.
in English as that was the
Puttaswamy case (2017).
7. A division bench of Justice 10. Recently, Sudan’s civilian
In this case, the Supreme
Gautam S Patel and Madhav Prime Minister Abdalla
Court declared that the
J Jamdar of the Bombay High Hamdok resigned, plunging
right to life and personal
Court in a recent plea filed the country into further
liberty guaranteed in Article
by Kishnabhai Nathubhai turmoil. Mr. Hamdok, who
21 also implicitly includes a
Ghutia, seeking directions was sacked by the military
right to privacy. The court
to the Administrator of in October 2021 and
made the observations
Dadra and Nagar Haveli reinstated a few weeks later language in the higher
while hearing a plea by
to declare August 2 as a as part of a deal, stepped judiciary. The Bench
comprising Chief Justice Police. The committee will China by 2026. The rare
Aravind Kumar and A.J. look into who is responsible earth metals are used
Shastri made the directive for the security breach and almost in every latest
to Vishal Vyas, a local suggest what safeguards are technology starting from
journalist who runs Samna necessary for the security of electric batteries to fighter
Bharstachar Ka, against the PM and Constitutional jets. China has a strong
which the contempt of court functionaries. chokehold on all these
proceedings was initiated in metals. In 2019, 80% of
Source: https://www.
2014. Mr. Vyas appeared the US rare – earth metals
gktoday.in/current-affairs/
as a party in person and was from China. The bill
indu-malhotra-panel/
addressed the court in the aims to reduce the Chinese
Gujarati language. However, dependence on rare – earth
the Chief Justice remarked
13. J&K government’s Board of
that English would be the
Revenue on Friday notified
language in the court and
regulations for conversion
Mr. Vyas should speak in
of agricultural land for non-
that language. The Chief
agricultural purposes. The
Justice even offered him
regulations were approved
the help of an interpreter or
even a lawyer if needed.
Source: https://
indianexpress.com/article/
c it i e s / a h m e d ab a d / h c s -
language-is-english-speak-
only-english-cj-7706675/
by the J&K Administrative
Council headed by LG
12. The Supreme Court bench Manoj Sinha. The rules
of Justices NV Ramana, were notified under the
metals. This is essential to
Surya Kant and Hima Kohli Jammu and Kashmir Land
protect US from threat of
has appointed an inquiry Revenue Act, Samvat 1996.
rare – earth metal supply
committee headed by Under the J&K Agricultural
disruption. It will encourage
former judge Justice Indu Land (Conversion of Non-
the residents to increase
Malhotra to probe the Prime Agriculture Purposes)
domestic production of
Minister Narendra Modi Regulations, 2022, the
the rare – earth metals.
security breach in Punjab Board of Revenue provides
Ultimately it will reduce the
on January 5. The bench rules for conversion of land
US reliance on China.
said that the committee will use in the Union Territory.
also include the Registrar Therefore, either with Source: https://www.
General of the Punjab and permission from a District republicworld.com/
Haryana Court, the Director Collector or through world-news/us-news/
General of the National payment of conversion us-s enators-int ro duce-
fee, agricultural land can bill-to-end-reliance-on-
be re-purposed for non- china-for-rare-earth-
agricultural use. m i n e r a l s - a r t i c l e s h o w.
html#:~:text=A%20
Source: https://www.
new%20bill%20on%20
gktoday.in/current-affairs/
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from%20China%20by%20
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14. The United States new%20bill%20on%20
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a new bill in the US Senate
him not below the rank US,minerals%20from%20
that would force defence
of Inspector General, and China%20by%202026.
contractors to stop buying
ADGP (Security) of Punjab
rare earth minerals from
MOTOR ACCIDENT| COURTS CAN AWARD

COMPENSATION HIGHER THAN WHAT IS
CLAIMED: KARNATAKA HIGH COURT
Coming to the aid of a 14- “The Motor Vehicles Act, behind and dashed against family. The disability sustained
year old (at the time) who 1988, is benevolent legislation. the petitioner. The petitioner by the petitioner, being a
suffered permanent disability The duty is cast upon the sustained grievous injuries. He permanent disability, award
to his pelvic region in an Tribunal to award just and fair underwent two surgeries and of compensation of Rs.50,000
accident, the Karnataka High compensation to the victim was inpatient for 13 days. for loss of amenities is
Court recently modified the of a Motor Vehicle accident. extremely conservative and the
order of the Motor Accidents Though the claim made in the It was claimed by the compensation requires to be
Claim Tribunal, awarding petition is less than what the petitioner that he was a enhanced substantially on the
compensation of Rs 50,000 Tribunal or Court finds as just student and was also working head of loss of amenities and
under the head loss of and fair compensation, the as a supplier in a hotel. He enjoyment of life.
amenities and enjoyment in power of the Tribunal or the has suffered a fracture of
life and increased it to Rs 10 Court to award just and fair pubic rami, ruptured urethra, Similarly, given the nature
lakhs. compensation to the victim pelvic fracture and fracture of of injuries sustained by the
is not taken away because of inferior ramus of the right hip claimant and the kind of
A division bench of Justice prayer for a lesser amount.” bone resulting in permanent trauma undergone by the
S.G. Pandit and Justice Anant disability. He approached the claimant, compensation of
Ramanath Hegde said, “Since Further it said, “The court seeking enhancement Rs.50,000/ awarded under the
the marriage prospect of head of pain and suffering
the claimant is wiped out, is also grossly inadequate. A
the claimant is deprived of compensation of Rs.11,75,000
all the pleasure and benefits was sought.
of married life. The mental
trauma of having to remain The insurance company
single, and answering the opposed the appeal and
curious questions posed by the claimed the compensation
people around throughout life, amount awarded by the
for not getting married, are tribunal is just and fair.
some of the things not easy to Court findings:
cope with. The trauma is going
to be perennial and unabated.” At the outset the bench
observed, “The task of
It added, “Such being the compensation to be awarded in compensation amount adjudicating the quantum of
position, the duty is cast upon by the Tribunal is not awarded by the Tribunal vide compensation payable under
the Tribunals and Courts to bogged down by the figure order dated August 4, 2016. the non-pecuniary heads
award just compensation to mentioned in the prayer like pain and suffering, loss
ensure that the unbearable column of the claim petition.” Petitioner Submissions: of amenities in life and loss
mental trauma is mitigated It added, “If relief is not of expectation of life, is not
to the extent possible and the Relying on the doctors
moulded by awarding higher certificate it was urged that easy though appears to be
claimant can live with some compensation, we will be easy. The task gets a bit more
dignity and find some solace given the fact that the claimant
failing in our duty.” has suffered permanent difficult if the claimant suffers
in the monetary compensation a permanent disability at a
awarded.” Case Background: disability, the compensation
awarded by the Tribunal is young age.”
Noting that the compensation Appellant Basavaraj who on the lower side. Further, Then the court examined the
awarded by it is higher on September 18, 2011 was it was said the marriage medical certificate issued by
than what is claimed by the 14-years old was walking prospect of the petitioner the doctor which stated that
petitioner, the bench said, on the road along with his is severely jeopardized and petitioner has suffered a pelvic
father. The lorry came from he cannot marry and have a
Bhopal
Bhopal
7676564400
7676564400
| Indore
| Indore
9109108422
9109108422
| Jabalpur
| Jabalpur
9109108423
9109108423
| Jodhpur
| Jodhpur
9109108419
9109108419
| Raipur
| Raipur9109108417
9109108417
| Bilaspur
| Bilaspur
9109108416
9109108416
| Ranchi
| Ranchi
9109108418
9109108418 E: support@toprankers.com
E: support@toprankers.com
Delhi
Delhi
9891906520
9891906520
| Gurugram
| Gurugram
09717289708
09717289708| Kanpur
| Kanpur
8576066660
8576066660| Prayagraj
| Prayagraj
6306330553
6306330553 | Lucknow
| Lucknow
6390573333
6390573333 W: W:
www.toprankers.com
www.toprankers.com
fracture, urethral fracture and of disability suffered by the enjoyment of life are not in and constantly depreciating
has undergone urethroplasty. claimant, the mental trauma sync with the settled principles purchasing power of the rupee,
He is unable to achieve a penile which the claimant has to governing compensation. In this court deems it appropriate
erection and nocturnal penile undergo for the rest of his life, fact, the award under these and award Rs.10,00,000 on this
tumescence. The certificate is much more painful than two heads cannot be termed as head.”
further revealed that the the physical pain that he has compensation at all.”
petitioner is unable to copulate suffered immediately after the Accordingly the court said,
in the future. accident.” The court then opined that “The judgement and award
compensation payable under dated 04.08.2016 passed in
Following which the court The court then observed, the non-pecuniary heads is not MVC No.49/2012 on the
observed, “The doctor has “The petitioner who is aged dependent on the social status, file of the Principal Senior
opined that the situation 14 years has suffered an injury educational qualification or Civil Judge and AMACT,
is irreversible. There is no to his sexual organ causing income of the claimant. It Ranebennur is modified
marriage prospect for the permanent disability Under affects the poor and the rich and compensation of
petitioner. The loss of the the circumstance, the award of alike. Taking note of the fact Rs.17,68,000.00 is awarded
petitioner, who is deprived Rs.50,000 on the head of loss that the petitioner hails from along with interest at the rate
of marriage prospects and of amenities and enjoyment of an impoverished background. of 6%.”
pleasure of marital life and life is extremely conservative,
having children, cannot be to say the least. Award of The court held, “Since the Source: https://www.livelaw.
adequately compensated in Rs.54,000 under the head loss award is going to be passed in in/news-updates/karnataka-
terms of money.” of future earning capacity and respect of loss of amenities and high-court-motor-accident-
award of Rs.50,000 under the enjoyment in life, by taking compensation-higher-than-
It added, “Given the kind head loss of amenities and into consideration the inflation claimed-190337
A KAZI CAN ACT AS MEDIATOR TO SETTLE

DISPUTES BUT CAN’T ADJUDICATE THEM
& PASS ORDERS LIKE A DECREE: MADHYA
PRADESH HIGH COURT
The Madhya Pradesh High alleging that All India Muslim The PIL alleged that they are The PIL also averred that
Court (Indore Bench) recently Personal Law Board and running their own courts and respondent No.7 (Chief Quazi,
observed that a Kazi can their Quazi/Kazi are running passing orders and decrees Masjid 22, Chhoti Gwaltoli,
entertain a dispute and acts as parallel judicial system in personal matters. The Indore) under the shelter of
a mediator to settle the dispute against the provisions of the Petitioner also referred to his President & General Secretary
between the members of the of All India Muslim Personal
Muslim community but he Law Board and others is
cannot adjudicate the dispute entertaining such types of
like a court and pass an order disputes and passing the orders
like a decree. in the matter which are liable
to be brought before the Court
With this, the Bench of Justice for adjudication.
Vivek Rusia and Justice
Rajendra Kumar Verma Submissions put forth
noted that an order of the
Kazi granting Talaq (divorce) The State of Madhya Pradesh
by way of Khula has no legal submitted before the Court
sanctity and can simply be that Section 4 of the Kazi Act,
ignored. 1880 does not empower the
Kazi to confer any judicial or
Constitution of India and also personal matter, wherein on an
The case in brief administrative power.
against the established system application filed by his wife for
One Aadil, moved a Public of law and justice in this divorce by “Khula”, the Divorce On the other hand, the
Interest Litigation (PIL) plea country. was granted to him. All India Muslim Personal
Bhopal
Bhopal
7676564400
7676564400
| Indore
| Indore
9109108422
9109108422
| Jabalpur
| Jabalpur
9109108423
9109108423
| Jodhpur
| Jodhpur
9109108419
9109108419
| Raipur
| Raipur9109108417
9109108417
| Bilaspur
| Bilaspur
9109108416
9109108416
| Ranchi
| Ranchi
9109108418
9109108418 E: support@toprankers.com
E: support@toprankers.com
Delhi
Delhi
9891906520
9891906520
| Gurugram
| Gurugram
09717289708
09717289708| Kanpur
| Kanpur
8576066660
8576066660| Prayagraj
| Prayagraj
6306330553
6306330553 | Lucknow
| Lucknow
6390573333
6390573333 W: W:
www.toprankers.com
www.toprankers.com
Law Board submitte that amicable resolution of the to enter into a negotiation/ that fatwa/Darul-Qazas/
the personal law relating to dispute. mediation between the parties Nizam-e-Qazas are not a
marriage and dissolution of in order to settle the dispute decree and is neither binding
marriage has to be governed by Thus, it was argued that they and that he can’t issue orders on anyone nor enforceable-
the personal law of Muslims as are not parallel judicial systems like a Court. only an adjudication by a legal
recognized by them in terms of established in derogation of or authority sanctioned by the
their religious denominational in conflict with the recognized Further, the Court referred law is enforceable and binding-
texts. judicial system in the country. to the case of Vishwa Lochan only voluntary submissions/
Regarding the instant case, Madan v. Union of India and acceptance to fatwa is
It was further submitted that the submission was that the others (2014) 7 SCC 707 to permissible.
clear instructions are given to Kazi should have closed the note that such an order, as
Kazis who are appointed by mediation (b/w the wife and passed by the Kazi in the Source: https://www.
the All India Muslim Personal the husband) without further instant matter, has no legal livelaw.in/news-updates/
Law Board not to entertain proceeding in the matter sanctity and can simply be kazi-mediator-settle-
the disputes wherein the ignored. disputes-cant-adjudicate-
parties thereof have already Court’s observations pass-orders-decree-madhya-
approached the Court of It may be noted that the pradesh-high-court-190313
At the outset, the Court noted Apex Court has held in the
Law or do not consent for an that a Kazi is only entitled Vishwa Lochan Madan case
STREET VENDORS, HAWKERS CAN’T FIX

ANY PLACE OR ERECT PERMANENT/
TEMPORARY STRUCTURES: DELHI HIGH
COURT
The Delhi High Court on a petition seeking directions The case of the petitioners Madaan and Ors v. MCD and
Monday observed that the on North Delhi Municipal thus was that they had been Ors dated 6th February 2007.
concept of tehbzaari, street Corporation not to disturb or relocated for the purpose
hawking and vending does create obstacles in the business of redevelopment and upon It was submitted that the Apex
not envisage that the hawker activities of the petitioners, completion of redevelopment Court’s direction said that the
or vendor would fix himself a total of 20 traders, on the activity, had been re-allotted tehbzaari and vending sites be
to any particular place or alternate tehbzaari sites space for their hawking and covered wherever possible for
erect any structure whether allotted to them vide order vending activity by the NDMC. which a standard design would
permanent or temporary on dated December 29, 2021. be evolved by the corporation.
it’s own. The Court therefore perused
A direction was therefore the terms and conditions of
Justice Vipin Sanghi and sought for either withdrawal the relocation wherein one of In the said context, it was
Justice Jasmeet Singh also or quashment of a notice dated the conditions imposed on the submitted that the MCD
added that there is no question January 14, 2022 issued to the petitioners was that they will had came up with a public
of any hawker or vendor petitioners for removing the not raise any structures on the notice regarding squatters /
staking a claim to occupy temporary tin roof structure site. street vendors/ weekly bazaars
any public space in the name placed by them on the on 17 August 2007 inviting
of hawking and vending tehbzaari sites allotted to them applications in terms of the
round the clock by placing at the footpath of red light in “What the petitioners have order passed by the Apex
a structure, temporary or between Lothian Bridge and done is to place temporary Court. Court’s attention was
otherwise, at the site and recruitment office. structures at the hawking and also drawn to the public
converting the same into a vending site allotted to them,” notice issued by the municipal
shop where the hawker or According to the notice,
a period of two days was the Court noted. corporation of Delhi in the
vendor and his goods can said regard.
permanently remain. given to the petitioners for The counsel appearing for the
removing the said structures petitioners placed reliance It was thus the argument of
failing which the same will be on an order passed by the the petitioners’ counsel that
removed by the department. Supreme Court in Sudhir the MCD itself came out with
The Court was dealing with
the design of the temporary condition, petitioners have shall be raised and the similar structures in several
structures to be provided to gone ahead to bring the tehbzaari / vending sites may parts of the city.
the hawkers and vendors in structures and place them be covered in such a manner
terms of the policy, being in at the hawking and vending as to identify and demarcate “If that has been done, even
line with the orders passed by site. This itself tantamounts to the area available for tehbzaari that is illegal and it cannot be
the Supreme Court. breach of a condition imposed and with a view to afford permitted. Two wrongs do not
upon them in the order dated protection against the elements take a right and there is no
It was submitted that a 29.12.2021,” the Court noted. to the allottees and their goods concept of negative equality,”
comparison of the design lying within the allotted site. the Bench noted.
prepared by MCD with The Court also said that while The said protection can be
temporary structures placed passing the orders as relied Importantly, the Court said:
only for the period of vending
by the petitioners at their upon by the petitioners, all that and cannot be round the “The state of the city today is
tehbzaari site would show that the Supreme Court observed clock by creation, erection or alarming vis a vis hawking and
there was no difference and was that the MCD was installation of a covered kiosk.” vending which is taking place
that the petitioners had strictly proposing to allow tehbzaari in already crowded markets.
complied with the design or vending sites to be covered “In fact, the Supreme Court The open spaces meant for
approved by the MCD. wherever possible for which also observed that the scheme pedestrians and market goers
standard design would be should provide for taking have been completely taken
Submitting that there was evolved by the corporation. strict action against any
no illegality in the conduct over.”
allottee found who changed
The Court also referred to
a recent order passed by it
wherein it had expressed its
concern over the rampant
illegal encroachment by
the hawkers and vendors
in city’s Chandni Chowk
area. It remarked that the
redevelopment activity of
the area is already ‘falling in
disrepair’.
The Court had found that

the said activity was being
carried out in a completely
unregulated manner and that
the hawkers and vendors
had sprawled themselves,
or alter structure raised by the their products and goods at
of petitioners in placing “It doesn’t mean that the corporation, thus; even if some their own will all over the
temporary structures at their hawkers and vendors can kind of a structure were to be place, including middle of the
hawking and vending site, it occupy permanently or even raised, it would necessarily walkways.
was added that the same was round the clock the tehzaari have to comply with the
done only with the view to save vending sites. The activity With the aforesaid
fundamental principles of
the petitioners and their goods of tehbzaari vending itself observations, the Court
hawking and vending. We take
from weather conditions in postulates that the activity will dismissed the petition while
a note of herein above, the
order to protect their goods. be carried out only during the imposing a cost of Rs. 5,000
same had to be provided by
times of the day for which such to be paid by each of the
the corporation and it was not
Finding absolutely no merit activity is permitted and area petitioners.
left to the tehbzaari allottee to
in the petition, the Court said within which the activity is place the structure on his own Source: https://www.livelaw.
that the communication dated permitted,” the Court said. sweet will.” in/news-updates/delhi-high-
December 29, 2021 issued to
the petitioners relocating them It added: court-street-vending-cant-
The Court also rejected the
expressly stated that they shall erect-permanent-temporary-
submissions made by the
not raise any structures at the “In fact the order dated structure-190279
petitioners’ counsel that there
site. 06.02.2007 passed by the
were several other tehbzaari
Supreme Court itself cautions
holders who had erected
“Contrary to the said that no permanent structure
LIMITATION PERIOD FOR SEEKING

APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATOR
COMMENCES AFTER EXPIRY OF 30 DAYS
FROM ISSUANCE OF NOTICE INVOKING
ARBITRATION: DELHI HC
The Delhi High Court has held However, the same was not parties did not work for gain contention the Court did not
that the Limitation period of 3 responded to. Thus, the in New Delhi, the payments have jurisdiction as seat and
years for seeking Appointment Petitioners approached the were not received in Delhi, place are different issues. The
of Arbitrator commences from Court with this Petition. and the occurrences of the Court affirmed its jurisdiction
the date of expiry of 30 days breaches also did not occur in to hear this case on the basis
period, reckoned from date of The seat of the Arbitration Delhi. Issues of Seat and Venue that place of Arbitration in the
issuance of the notice invoking (Place) being two different arbitral clause as New Delhi
During the court proceedings,
arbitration. things, the Place of Arbitration was indicative of the seat of the
Respondents raised
could not confer the status of Arbitration.
Holding thus, it has allowed several objections as to the
Juridical Seat/Jurisdiction of
the Petitioner, Bharat Sachar maintainability of the Petition, Limitation Period
this Court.
Nigam Limited (BSNL), to respecting the jurisdiction
proceed with Arbitration of the Court, the expiry of Rejecting this submission, the The Respondent averred that
against the Respondent, the limitation period for the Court cited BGS SGS Soma the filing of the Petition ought
WIPRO Limited. institution of Petition, the JV v. NHPC (2020), where it to be rejected as the claims
Background
The Petitioner and the

Respondent executed
Cooperation Agreements.
Following expiry of warranty
period mentioned therein,
the Petitioner raised several
issues regarding the products/
services provided by the
Respondent. In this regard,
several emails were exchanged
and the parties also met.
However, Petitioner claims that
the Respondents continued to
fail to meet their contractual
obligations.
time-barred nature of claims, was held that an arbitration were time-barred. The Petition,
Petitioners sent Legal
and objections to the merits of clause designating a place of being for the Appointment of
Notice dated 21.12.2018 to
Petitioner’s claims. Arbitration as the venue of an arbitrator under Section
Respondent to come up with
all arbitration proceedings, 11 of the Arbitration and
resolution plan, however, no The jurisdictional claim
it is to be implied as to the Conciliation Act, 1996, the
proper response was received. mainly rested on the issue
seat of the Arbitration. This Court cited BSNL v. Nortel
of the “Seat” of Arbitration. Network (2021) of the
Consequently, the Petitioner is in contrast to a clause
It was contended that the Supreme Court. The Case dealt
sent Legal Notice dated simply indicating one or
Arbitral Clause contained in with the issue of determining
14.3.2019 to Respondent more individual hearings at
Para 18.2.1 mentioned “Place” the limitation period in filing
invoking Arbitration under a place, but proceedings as a
of Arbitration as New Delhi a petition under Section 11. It
Clause 18 of the Agreement whole, including the arbitral
without specifying the seat. was cited that,
seeking consent for sole award. Relying on this, this
Further, the Agreement was
Appointment of Arbitrator. Court rejected the Petitioner’s
executed in Gurugram, the “It is now fairly well-settled
that the Limitation for filing Applying this precedent, the action. Even if the exchange this Court found that the
an application under Section Court noted that the Legal of emails is assumed, since the facts of this case gave rise
11 would arise upon the failure Notice invoking Arbitration purported email was sent in to a continuing cause of
to make the Appointment of was dated 14.3.2019. The 2016 and the Notice invoking action, arising from the
the arbitrator within a period period of replying to the Legal Arbitration was in 2019, the persistent demands of the
of 30 days from issuance of the Notice expired within 30 days period of Limitation had Petitioners to seek resolution
notice invoking Arbitration. of this Notice, i.e., 13.4.2019. expired. of disputes within the warranty
In other words, an application The period of Limitation period. The warranty was
under Section 11 can be starts from this date and is The Court again referred to till 24.6.2015. Petitioners
filed only after a notice of extended till 3 years. Since the BSNL v. Nortel Network. had raised several emails
Arbitration in respect of the Petition was filed on 24.5.2019, The cited case dealt with a during this warranty period
particular claim(s)/dispute(s) it was held that there was no notice of Arbitration issued from 1.9.2015 to 26.10.2016.
to be referred to Arbitration delay in filing this Petition. after 5.5 years of rejection of Meetings held between the
[as contemplated by Section Accordingly, the ratio that Arbitration. The Court, in the parties in 2018 bore no fruit,
21 of the Act] is made, and comes from this holding is: instant case, distinguished per the Petitioner’s claims.
there is failure to make the The Period of Limitation of facts to the present case as The Petitioner first sent Legal
Appointment. The period of 3 years for filing Petition for in the cited case there were Notice seeking a resolution
Limitation for filing a petition Appointment of Arbitrator no intervening facts in the plan on 21.12.2018. This was
seeking Appointment of runs from the date of expiry notice of Arbitration nor the replied to on 3.1.2019 with a
an arbitrator(s) cannot be of the period for replying to Petition filed under Section commitment for future details.
confused or conflated with the a Legal Notice seeking the 11. Even so, the Court noted However, these were not
period of Limitation applicable Appointment by the party. the cited Supreme Court’s provided. Accordingly, given
to the substantive claims made Case’s observations regarding the unresolved claims the facts
in the underlying commercial Time-Barred claims purported time bar of presenting a continuing cause
contract. The period of arbitrability of claims: of action due to persistent
The Respondent averred that
Limitation for such claims demands of the Petitioners, the
the Petitioner lost its right “It is only in the very limited
is prescribed under various claims were deemed subject
to cause of action as the category of cases, where there
Articles of the Limitation to Arbitration per BSNL. All
claims were time-barred. The is not even a vestige of doubt
Act, 1963. The Limitation outstanding claims regarding
Agreement dated 20.3.2009 that the claim is ex facie time-
for deciding the underlying the minute details of emails,
conferred warranty for barred, or that the dispute is
substantive disputes is outcomes of meetings, etc., by
3 years from the date of non-arbitrable, that the Court
necessarily distinct from the parties would accordingly
commissioning. Accordingly, may decline to make ARB.P.
that of filing an application be subject to Arbitration.
the claims being not arbitrable, 365/2021 Page 19 of 21 the
for Appointment of an
ought to be rejected. The reference. However, if there is Source: https://www.livelaw.
arbitrator……. The effect being
Respondents claimed that the even the slightest doubt, the in/news-updates/delhi-
that the period of Limitation
maximum period of Limitation rule is to refer the disputes high-court-appointment-of-
to file an application under
expired in December 2017. to Arbitration, otherwise, it arbitrator-limitation-legal-
Section 11 is 3 years from the
The Respondent argued that would encroach upon what notice-issued-30-days-190267
date of refusal to appoint the
the Petitioner was trying to is essentially a matter to be
arbitrator, or on expiry of 30
revive dead claims, and there determined by the tribunal.”
days, whichever is earlier.”
is no continuing cause of
Applying these observations,
MARRIED DAUGHTER ALSO ENTITLED

TO COMPASSIONATE APPOINTMENT
ON DEATH DUE TO COVID: ANDHRA
PRADESH HIGH COURT
Recently, Justice Ninala entitled for compassionate dependent on her father/ “Now after demise of her
Jayasurya of Andhra Pradesh appointment. mother if she is living with father, it is the responsibility
High Court has held that her father/mother when her cast upon the petitioner to
a married daughter is also Mr. M.R.S. Srinivas, counsel husband deserts or disappears take care of her old aged and
entitled to compassionate for the petitioner submitted for years together or dies. widow mother, as she is the
appointment. Her marital that as per G.O.Ms. No. 350 only daughter to her parents
status will not be a bar to claim dated 30.07.1999 when there Issue and there is nobody to take
the welfare scheme based on is only a married daughter care of her mother for her
to the deceased Government Whether the petitioner is
the facts and circumstances. remaining life. As such, this
employee, without elder or entitled for compassionate
Court hold that the petitioner
This Writ Petition was filed younger brother or sisters and appointment?
is entitled for compassionate
by the petitioner aggrieved by the spouse of the deceased The court’s ruling appointment under the Bread
the proceedings in rejecting Government is not willing to Winner Scheme.”
the case of the petitioner for avail the compassionate, such The court observed that
compassionate appointment married daughter may be petitioner’s case was rejected The court also relied on a
as illegal, arbitrary, unjust, considered for compassionate only on the ground that she ruling in Bhuvaneswari v.
to quash the same and for appointment, provided she is is a married daughter and Puranik, 2020 SCC Online Kar
consequential direction to the dependent on the deceased living with her husband and 3397, the court observed that:
respondents to appoint the
petitioner, in any suitable post, “If the marital status of a son
on compassionate grounds. does not make any difference
in Law to his entitlement
Brief Facts for seeking appointment on
compassionate grounds, the
The petitioner is the only marital status of a daughter
daughter of the deceased, should make no difference, as
who died on 05.0.05.2021 the married daughter does not
due to COVID-19, while he seize to be a part of the family
was working as watchman in and Law cannot make an
P.W.D. Workshop Division, assumption that married sons
Guntur District. The wife of alone continue to be the part of
the deceased is uneducated, the family.”
depended on the deceased
Government employee. therefore, she is not dependent In view of the aforementioned
and the petitioner being the
daughter of the deceased, not on her deceased father. The decisions, the court allowed
The counsel further submits court relied on the following
survived by siblings, sought for that the petitioner has to the Writ Petition and the
compassionate appointment judgments: respondents were directed
look after her mother and
claiming inter alia, that there further there is no other to consider the case of
In Commissioner of Police v.
is no earning member in the earning member in the family petitioner for compassionate
K. Padmaja, 2013 (4) ALT 501,
family and further her husband including petitioner’s husband. appointment.
the Divisions Bench, opined
is not gainfully employed. that even if the applicant
The Assistant Government Source: https://www.
Though she submitted the is residing in a separate livelaw.in/news-updates/
Pleader contended that once house, that by itself is not
relevant certificates, the marriage is performed, a andhra-pradesh-high-
government department who ground to deprive benefit of court-married-daughter-
daughter is not dependent on compassionate appointment.
are the respondents rejected her father/mother even if she is entitled-to-compassionate-
her case mainly on the ground not employed or her husband appointment-on-death-due-
In Ch. Damayanthi’s v.
that the petitioner is a married is un-employee and further to-covid-190166
APSRTC, 2014, this Court held
daughter and she is not that a married daughter is that,
EXPLAINED | WHAT IS ‘HATE SPEECH’,

AND HOW IS IT TREATED IN INDIAN LAW?
Do existing laws cover signs, visible representations another class or community. derogatory, within the hearing
inflammatory and provocative within the hearing or sight of This attracts a jail term of up to or sight of a person, causing
talk? Should the provisions be a person with the intention three years. Under 505(2), it is fear or alarm or, with intent to
made more stringent? to cause fear or alarm, or an offence to make statements provoke the use of unlawful
incitement to violence.” creating or promoting enmity, violence against that person or
The story so far: A recent hatred or ill-will between another”. It proposes a prison
religious conclave held In general, hate speech is classes. Under subsection (3), term of up to one year and/or a
in Haridwar witnessed considered a limitation on free the same offence will attract fine up to ₹5,000 or both.
inflammatory and provocative speech that seeks to prevent up to a five-year jail term if
speeches by proponents or bar speech that exposes a it takes place in a place of Similar proposals to add
of Hindutva, many of person or a group or section worship, or in any assembly sections to the IPC to punish
them leaders of religious of society to hate, violence, engaged in religious worship acts and statements that
organisations. Reports say ridicule or indignity. or religious ceremonies. promote racial discrimination
many of the speakers called or amount to hate speech
for organised violence against How is it treated in Indian law? What has the Law Commission have been made by the M.P.
Muslims and hinted at a proposed? Bezbaruah Committee and the
Sections 153A and 505 of
Myanmar-type ‘cleansing T.K. Viswanathan Committee.
the Indian Penal Code are The Law Commission has
campaign’. There was a threat At present, the Committee for
generally taken to be the main proposed that separate
that if the government resisted Reforms in Criminal Laws,
penal provisions that deal with offences be added to the IPC
the formation of a ‘Hindu which is considering more
inflammatory speeches and to criminalise hate speech
Rashtra’, there will be an ‘1857- comprehensive changes to
expressions that seek to punish quite specifically instead
like’ revolt against the state. criminal law, is examining
‘hate speech’. of being subsumed in the
Political parties and concerned the issue of having specific
citizens have termed these as existing sections concerning provisions to tackle hate
Under Section 153A,
‘hate speech’ and demanded inflammatory acts and speech.
‘promotion of enmity between
legal action against those speeches. It has proposed that
different groups on grounds of
involved in the propagation of two new sections, Section Source: https://www.
religion, race, place of birth,
hate and violence. 153C and Section 505A, be thehindu.com/news/
residence, language, etc.,
added. national/explained-what-
and doing acts prejudicial to
What is ‘hate speech’? is-hate-speech-and-how-
maintenance of harmony’, is an Its draft says Section 153C is-it-treated-in-indian-law/
There is no specific legal offence punishable with three should make it an offence article38089872.ece
definition of ‘hate speech’. years’ imprisonment. It attracts if anyone (a) uses gravely
Provisions in law criminalise a five-year term if committed threatening words, spoken
speeches, writings, actions, in a place of worship, or or written or signs or visible
signs and representations an assembly engaged in representations, with the
that foment violence and religious worship or religious intention to cause fear or
spread disharmony between ceremonies. alarm; or (b) advocates
communities and groups and hatred that causes incitement
Section 505 of IPC makes it an
these are understood to refer to violence, on grounds
offence to making “statements
to ‘hate speech’. of religion, race, caste or
conducing to public mischief ”.
community, sex, gender
Watch | What is ‘hate speech’? The statement, publication,
identity, sexual orientation,
report or rumour that is
place of birth, residence,
The Law Commission of penalised under Section 505(1)
language, disability or tribe. It
India, in its 267th Report, should be one that promotes
proposes a two-year jail term
says: “Hate speech generally mutiny by the armed forces,
for this and/or a fine of ₹5,000
is an incitement to hatred or causes such fear or alarm
or both.
primarily against a group of that people are induced to
persons defined in terms of commit an offence against the Its draft for Section 505A
race, ethnicity, gender, sexual state or public tranquillity; or proposes to criminalise words,
orientation, religious belief and is intended to incite or incites or display of writing or signs
the like ... Thus, hate speech is any class or community to that are gravely threatening or
any word written or spoken, commit an offence against
MON CIVILIAN KILLINGS | NAGA

ORGANISATIONS RESOLVE TO SET UP A
‘GENOCIDE PARK’
A “Genocide Park” would grief in Mon from Oting, the following day Konyak Students’ Union.
be set up in Nagaland’s Mon when an angry mob attacked
town to remind Nagas of the Konyaks are the dominant an Assam Rifles camp. Non-cooperation continues
killing of 13 civilians by an Naga community in Mon
district bordering Arunachal Editorial | End the impunity: The organisations gave 10
elite armed force near Oting more days, with effect from
village on December 4, Konyak Pradesh, Assam and Myanmar. On Nagaland killing
January 15, to the government
organisations said on January The Konyak Union, the apex “We resolved for the for a decisive action against
14. body of the community, said development of the Genocide officers and soldiers involved
Adopting this resolution at the scenario of the massacre, Park where the remains of the in the botched operation that
a community-based summit
on January 14, Konyak including the bullet-riddled December 4, 2021, incident at led to the killings.
organisations and leaders also pickup truck in which six coal Oting shall be brought to Mon
miners were killed, would be and preserved,” the union’s The organisations on
extended their deadline to the December 10 gave a month to
government for action against recreated at the park. president Howing Konyak
said in a joint statement with the government to prosecute
the armed forces personnel Seven other villagers were all the “guilty” Army and
responsible for killing the Ponglem Konyak, president
killed in a retaliatory attack of the Konyak Mothers’ Assam Rifles personnel in a
civilians. on the soldiers. A 14th person civil court, and to place the
Association, and Noklem
Also read | A Christmas of was shot in Mon, about 60 km Konyak, president of the “justice done report” in the
public domain. ENPO resolution adopted Investigation Team (SIT) and He said the final report would
on December 14, the ‘non- the Army’s Court of Inquiry be submitted to a court. He
Also read | Nagas want Centre cooperation’ declared against report be shared with the added that Army and Assam
to apologise for Mon killings, the Indian armed forces shall Konyak Union. Rifles personnel, including 37
repeal AFSPA stand in force until justice officers, were examined by the
is delivered,” the Konyak The SIT on January 13 said 21-member SIT that has five
On January 14, they warned forensic samples collected from
organisations said. IPS officers.
that the Konyaks would the site of the December 4
abstain from all national Also read | Nagaland killings killings were sent to specialised Source: https://www.
events within their customary underline AFSPA pitfalls laboratories in Guwahati and thehindu.com/news/
jurisdiction as endorsed by Hyderabad for tests. “Once we national/other-states/
the Eastern Nagaland People’s It further said all designated receive the results, we can start naga-organisations-resolve-
Organisation (ENPO), the Army camps within Mon preparing the final report,” to-preserve-memory-of-
apex organisation of eastern district and located within Additional Director-General of mon-civilian-killings-
Nagaland, if their demands civilian areas must be Police Sandeep Tamgadge, who in-a-genocide-park/
were not met. relocated, and sought the is supervising the SIT probe, article38272214.ece
Nagaland Government- said.
“In accordance with the constituted Special
ESCALATION OF THE ‘FORGOTTEN WAR’

IN YEMEN
The fight over Marib, which moving north after taking healthcare. Seventy-five per in 2012, he was allowed to
is outside Houthi control, will Shabwa province. cent of Yemen now lives below retain his ill-gotten wealth
decide the outcome of the the poverty line. and stay on in the country.
conflict The war in Yemen will From the outset, he worked to
complete seven years in March. After the Arab Spring
The new year began badly
for Yemen. On January 2, the
Houthis hijacked a UAE-
flagged ship, Rwabee, in the
Red Sea, alleging that it was
carrying military cargo. Seven
of its eleven crewmen are
Indians. The Saudis retaliated
with massive bombardment
of Sanaa airport and then
diverted a ship carrying fuel
to Yemen to its own port. The
Houthis have refused to release
the vessel despite a United
Nations Security Council
resolution and have criticised
the United Nations for siding
with “murderers who violate
international laws”.
The two-year fighting to take

the energy-rich province of
Marib has intensified. The
Houthis are just 20 km from
the provincial capital, but now
face freshly deployed crack As 2021 ended, nearly 3,50,000 After President Ali Abdullah
undermine his successor, Abd
troops mobilised by the United Yemenis had died, with Saleh, in place since 1978,
Rabbo Mansour Hadi. Seeing
Arab Emirates (UAE) – the 60% dying because of being stepped down in the wake
the weak government in Sanaa,
‘Giants Brigade’ that is rapidly denied food, clean water and of the Arab Spring uprisings
the Houthis, representing Council (STC), controls Aden conflict. the former North Yemen that
the disgruntled Zaydi/Shia and much of the southern had existed before unification
community which had been territory. The kingdom has been with the south in 1990. North
marginalised in political and expanding its presence in Yemen then had a Zaydi
economic spheres by Mr. Saleh The UAE and Saudi Arabia this province since 2017 by majority and had been ruled by
(under Saudi pressure), seized are now engaged in a major taking control of Nishtun Zaydi imams for a millennium,
the opportunity to assert their territorial re-ordering of port, the Ghaydah airport, until the republican revolution
claims for inclusion in national Yemen. The former is seeking and two border crossings with of 1962. As of now, the Houthi
governance. The militants of unchallenged influence over Oman. The Saudi interest is game plan seems to be to
the movement, Ansarullah, the strategically valuable to construct an oil pipeline consolidate itself in the north,
descended on the capital and, Bab al-Mandeb strait. At its from its Eastern Province to put in place a functioning
in January 2015, forced the narrowest, this strait is just Nishtun port on the Arabian administration with Marib’s
Hadi government to seek exile about 30 km wide; it links Sea, thus bypassing the Strait resources, and then seek
in Riyadh. Asia with Africa and, through of Hormuz where Iran has international recognition and
the Suez Canal, with Europe. a dominant presence. The humanitarian assistance.
Large sections of the Yemeni Ten percent of global trade Saudis have been pushing
armed forces loyal to Mr. Saleh traverses these waters annually. this proposal since the 1980s, Here, Saudi and UAE interests
now joined the Houthis to By 2050, the value of this trade but made no headway earlier are likely to diverge. The
take control of the country. is expected to grow from $880 as they insisted on placing UAE may find the de facto
This raised serious concerns billion to $4.7 trillion, while their own security forces at a partition of Yemen acceptable
in Saudi Arabia – though the GDP of the littoral states 4-km buffer zone along the as it would retain its control
the Zaydis had few doctrinal is expected to go from $1.8 pipeline. Taking advantage over the southern ports and
or political ties with Iran, trillion to $6.1 trillion. of the ongoing conflict, the the Bab al-Mandeb strait, and
the kingdom viewed them kingdom is preparing for a manage the south through
as surrogates of the Islamic The UAE has now taken long-term military presence in the STC it has sponsored. But
Republic on the basis of control of littoral ports and this province. Houthi control of the north
their sectarian affiliation. islands on both sides of the will not be acceptable to the
Saudi Arabia commenced a Red Sea – in Eritrea, Puntland The fight over Marib, the last kingdom as it will view this
bombing campaign on Yemen and Somaliland – besides Aden province in north Yemen as an Iranian proxy planting
on March 26, 2015. In 2015- and Mocha in Yemen. While outside Houthi control, will itself along its porous 1,400-
21, there were about 25,000 initially the UAE had sought decide the outcome of this km border. To add to Saudi
Saudi air attacks on Yemen, to establish a military presence seven-year conflict. The city concerns, a former Lebanese
with the Houthis retaliating in the region, its priority now now has two million people general has also predicted
with about 4,000 missile and is to develop the ports to make and provides 90% of the that, after taking Marib, the
drone attacks. During the the region a major commercial country’s oil and gas. With Houthis could cross the border
fighting, Iran-Houthi ties have hub. However, it retains its the Giants Brigade moving to to “liberate” the former Yemeni
strengthened, with substantial objective of protecting the the front, there could be some provinces that are now part of
military supplies sustaining the area from militants and flow heavy civilian casualties. The the kingdom. Thus, continued
Houthi war effort. of weaponry, and maintains Houthis have sought to deter fighting in Yemen is the most
a military presence at Perim the UAE-supported forces in likely prospect for the country.
Geopolitical competitions Island, at the mouth of Bab Marib with drone attacks on And, with limited interest in
al-Mandeb, and Socotra Island, Monday on an oil facility in the conflict in the international
After seven years of fighting, off the Yemeni coast in the Abu Dhabi and the airport. community, this will remain a
the conflict has now mutated Gulf of Aden. The UAE is also They have also condemned “forgotten war”.
into a fierce regional partnering with Israel in this UAE efforts to control the
competition for geopolitical area to neutralise any effort shipping lanes in the Red and Talmiz Ahmad is the former
advantage. While Hodeidah by Iran to intervene in these Arabian Seas to serve U.S. ambassador to Saudi Arabia,
port is under Houthi control, waters through its Houthi and British interests, and have Oman and the UAE, and
it is blockaded by the Saudi allies. threatened further attacks on had earlier served as Charge
navy, while its Yemeni partners Abu Dhabi. d’Affaires in North Yemen
are ranged outside the city. The Saudi geopolitical interest
Again, while Taiz is with the is at the other end of Yemeni The Houthi game plan Source: https://www.
Houthis, forces from Al- territory – the Al-Mahra thehindu.com/opinion/
Islah, the kingdom’s Islamist province that abuts Oman’s Victory in this conflict will op-ed/escalation-of-the-
partners, are in the west of entire southern border and give the Houthis the financial forgotten-war-in-yemen/
the province. In the south, also has a 560-km coastline on resources to consolidate article38288701.ece
the UAE-supported separatist the Arabian Sea. This province their rule over the north of
entity, Southern Transition has so far been cut off from the Yemen, possibly resurrecting
UKRAINE-RUSSIA EXPLAINED: A SIMPLE

GUIDE TO WHAT’S GOING ON
Russia has stationed over Germany has committed the complex, however, because in the separatist forces.
100,000 troops along its border same number to Lithuania in Moscow continues to insist
with Ukraine this winter, preparation for future conflict. it has not been a party in the Moscow has repeatedly denied
increasing suspicion that an conflict and is therefore not the presence of its troops in
invasion is imminent. So what is actually going in bound by its terms. eastern Ukraine, not providing
Eastern Europe, where did it any details about its military
Western powers including all begin and how might the In point 10 of the agreement, numbers and locations, saying
the US, Nato and the EU have crisis unfold? there is a call for the that their deployment on
warned the Kremlin against withdrawal of all foreign its own territory should not
any aggression, insisting that How did the crisis start? armed formations and military concern anyone.
there will be retaliation if it equipment from the two
Going back eight years gives Meanwhile, Russia has accused
attacks its neighbour. disputed regions, Donetsk and
the current crisis more context. Ukraine of breaching the
Luhansk. Ukraine says this
In the most recent refers to forces from Russia Minsk-2 agreement and has
Russia annexed Ukraine’s
developments, US president but Moscow denies it has any criticised the West for failing
Crimean Peninsula in 2014
Joe Biden and German troops there. to encourage Ukrainian
after the country’s Moscow-
chancellor Olaf Scholz have compliance.
friendly president Viktor
met in Washington, DC, Last year, a spike in ceasefire
Yanukovych was driven from Amid the acrimony, Mr
to announce that they are violations in the east and a
power by mass protests. Weeks Putin has rejected a four-way
“working closely together to Russian troop concentration
later, Russia threw its weight meeting with Ukraine, France
pursue diplomatic solutions near Ukraine fuelled fears that
behind a separatist insurgency and Germany, saying it is
to this situation” while a new war was about to erupt
that broke out in Ukraine’s useless in light of Ukraine’s
threatening to “end” Russia’s but tensions abated when
east. refusal to abide by the 2015
lucrative new Nord Stream Moscow pulled back the bulk
2 gas pipeline to Europe if it of its forces after manoeuvres pact.
More than 14,000 people have
does make an incursion into died in the fighting that has in April. Moscow has also strongly
Ukraine. been ongoing throughout the criticised the US and its Nato
How is the situation at present?
intervening eight years and allies for providing Ukraine
In Moscow, Vladimir Putin which has devastated Ukraine’s
hosted his French counterpart In early December 2021, with weapons and holding
eastern industrial heartland US intelligence officials joint drills, saying that this
Emmanuel Macron over a known as Donbas.
lavish dinner as the latter determined that Russia was encourages Ukrainian hawks
sought to persuade him to planning to deploy as many as to try to regain the rebel-held
Both Ukraine and the West
stand down his forces and 175,000 troops near Ukraine’s areas by force.
have accused Russia of sending
avoid war, with the former border in preparation for a
troops and weapons to back What might happen next?
taking the opportunity to possible invasion that they
the rebels but Moscow has
threaten wider conflict in the believed could begin in early The situation has now reached
denied the allegations, stating
event that Ukraine is allowed 2022. a state of intense stalemate as
that Russians who joined the
to join Nato. separatists did so voluntarily. Kyiv had complained in both sides anticipate the other’s
December that Moscow has next move.
For its part, Kyiv’s army is A 2015 peace agreement – the
planning drills with drones placed over 90,000 troops Moscow continues to deny
Minsk-2 agreement – was
and anti-tank missiles near near from the two countries’ talks of a Ukraine invasion
brokered by France and
its border with Belarus in border, warning that “large while Western leaders have
Germany to help end the large-
response to 30,000 Russian scale escalation” was possible insisted that an incursion
scale battles. The 13-point
troops arriving in that country, in January. could be imminent.
agreement obliged Ukraine to
whose leader, Alexander offer autonomy to separatist Additionally, the commander-
Lukashenko, is a committed regions and amnesty for the Mr Biden said he thinks
in-chief of the Ukrainian Mr Putin will “move in” on
Putin ally. rebels while Ukraine would armed forces said Russia has
regain full control of its border Ukraine, while Boris Johnson
The UK, still threatening about 2,100 military personnel has warned that “gloomy”
with Russia in the rebel-held in Ukraine’s rebel-controlled
tough economic sanctions, territories. intelligence suggested Moscow
has announced it will move east and that Russian officers was planning a lightning raid
350 troops into Poland and hold all commanding positions on Kyiv.
The agreement is highly
Meanwhile, personnel from Moscow will take any notice. and he would pay a heavy “It will affect others as well, it
both the US and UK embassies price. will affect us somewhat, it will
in the Ukrainian capital have Speaking at the White House, affect Europeans. But it will
been ordered home - a move Mr Biden warned Mr Putin “I have been very, very have a profound impact on his
president Volodymyr Zelensky once again: “I don’t know straightforward and blunt economy.”
labelled “overreacting.” that he knows what he’s going with President Putin, both on
to do, and I think he has the phone and in person – we Source: https://www.
Nato and other Western to realise that it would be a will impose the most severe google.com/amp/s/www.
leaders have threatened huge gigantic mistake for him to sanctions that have ever been independent.co.uk/news/
sanctions against Russia if move on Ukraine. The impact imposed, economic sanctions, world/europe/russia-invasion-
it does attack Ukraine but it on Europe and the rest of the and there will be a lot to pay ukraine-explained-b2013692.
remains to be seen whether world would be devastating, for that down the road. html%3famp
EXPLAINED | IS SUSPENSION OF MLAS UP

FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW?
The story so far: Twelve BJP Also read | Suspension of an Also, the Representation of judicial review of the manner
legislators were suspended for MLA is worse than expulsion: the People Act, 1951, says in which it is exercised. Under
one year by the Maharashtra Supreme Court any vacancy in the House Rule 53 of the Maharashtra
Assembly last July for has to be filled up through a Assembly Rules, the Speaker
alleged disorderly conduct. A resolution moved by the by-election within six months could direct a Member to
The unusually long period Parliamentary Affairs Minister of its occurrence, the Bench withdraw from the Assembly
of suspension has been was subsequently adopted pointed out, and wondered for disorderly conduct for
questioned by the Supreme by the House suspending if a constituency can be the day, or the remainder of
Court, which is hearing a 12 MLAs—Dr. Sanjay Kute, unrepresented in the Assembly the Session. However, there
challenge to the Assembly’s Ashish Shelar, Abhimanyu for a whole year in the light of is no such limitation when
action. The court has reserved Pawar, Girish Mahajan, Atul this six-month limit. the whole House decides to
its judgment after hearing Bhatkhalkar, Harish Pimple, impose suspension.
elaborate arguments. The Jaykumar Rawal, Yogesh Further, suspension seemed
main question before the court Sagar, Narayan Kuche, Bunty to have worse consequences In this context, counsel
is whether suspension for a Bhangdiya, Parag Alavani and than outright expulsion from contended that when the
whole year is valid. Ram Satpute. the legislature, as a by-election power to expel a member
will be held within six months; is available, the power to
What happened on July 5, They were barred from whereas, a one-year suspension suspend, being a lesser
2021? entering thelegislative premises does not entail mandatory punishment, is also available to
for 12 months. filling up of the vacancy. The the House at all times. On the
There was a ruckus in the Bench also wondered about provision for declaring a seat
Assembly when the Maha What questions has the the likely consequences vacant if the member is absent
Vikas Aghadi (MVA) Supreme Court raised? of an unlimited power of for 60 days, the Government
government introduced a suspension for democracy, as has argued that it is the House
In the course of the hearing,
resolution seeking empirical it could be misused to alter that declares the seat vacant,
a Bench, comprising Justice
data on OBCs (other backward the composition of a House in and it is not a necessary
A.M. Khanwilkar, Justice
classes) from the Union which a Government has only consequence of a member’s
Dinesh Maheshwari and
government. The House was a slender majority. absence for 60 days on which
Justice C.T. Ravikumar,
adjourned for a few times the House met. Further,
questioned the rationality of What does the State
before the resolution was during suspension, a member
suspending members beyond government say?
passed, as BJP members continues to hold office, but
an ongoing session.
rushed to the well of the House only loses their voice in the
and were accused of damaging Counsel for the State legislature.
The Bench also cited Article government has argued that
the presiding officer’s 190(4) of the Constitution,
microphone and grabbing the there is no limitation on the Source: https://www.
which stipulates that the power of the legislature to
mace. Later, Bhaskar Jadhav, House may declare vacant thehindu.com/news/national/
a Shiv Sena MLA who was in punish for breach of privilege explained-is-suspension-of-
the seat of a member who is or disorderly conduct in the
the Chair during the incidents, absent for 60 days without mlas-up-for-judicial-review/
said when he was in the course of its proceedings. article38311431.ece
permission, to wonder whether Once the power to punish a
Deputy Speaker’s chamber, any suspension could traverse
some members rushed inside member for disorderly conduct
beyond this 60-day limit. is recognised, there can be no
and abused him.

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JAN, 2022 ISS UE - 23 ` 100/-

U nion Commerce and

T he income of 84 per cent of

A suspected drone attack on

2. Which of the following is

b. 2016 memorial is based on

I ndia’s National Tiger

PASSAGE 6 : commission of India?

A head of Assembly polls in

be more than for a

2. The CAA provides

I ndia is likely to overtake

3. Which of the following is

4. Which of the following will

5. AIIB was given permanent

T he WTO lacks a proper

3. Which of the following will

4. Henley & Partners who

5. Which of the following is

A Supreme Court bench of

E minent rocket scientist [1]

T he North Atlantic Treaty

A fter a week of deadly unrest 4. Which of the following is

T he northeastern states 4. Which of the following is

to be 3,488 km long, while

4. Which of the following

PASSAGE 20 : had earlier said. India?

PASSAGE 21 : come together and adopt a d. 6 c. Globalization 4.0:

O nly one in 10 World coordinated multi-stakeholder Shaping a Global

3. Which of the following is

4. In which of the following

P rime Minister Narendra

I ndia is likely to face more

from the French

3. When was Pondicherry

4. Which of the following

own a residential plot

3. The amendment to added

PASSAGE 26 : called off their strike on the a. Rs 4 lakh

3. Who among the following

4. Which of the following will

T he U.N. Security Council got

PASSAGE 28 : immunity for their

E VEN AS it set up a actions in disturbed

F ive global nuclear powers

4. India ranks at which

5. Which of the following

G andhi Sagar Dam on electricity. It has been breached in 1945 by the

MOTOR ACCIDENT| COURTS CAN AWARD

A KAZI CAN ACT AS MEDIATOR TO SETTLE

STREET VENDORS, HAWKERS CAN’T FIX

The Court had found that

LIMITATION PERIOD FOR SEEKING

The Petitioner and the

MARRIED DAUGHTER ALSO ENTITLED

EXPLAINED | WHAT IS ‘HATE SPEECH’,

MON CIVILIAN KILLINGS | NAGA

ESCALATION OF THE ‘FORGOTTEN WAR’

The two-year fighting to take

UKRAINE-RUSSIA EXPLAINED: A SIMPLE

EXPLAINED | IS SUSPENSION OF MLAS UP

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