Anything that moves has kinetic energy, and mankind uses wind’s kinetic energy to

generate electricity. Wind energy, or wind power, is created using a wind turbine, a
device that channels the power of the wind to generate electricity.
More precisely, as you can in the figure, the wind blows the blades of the turbine,
which are attached to a rotor. The rotor then spins a generator to create electricity.
Once the electricity is generated, it goes through the power cable to transformers that
increases its level in order to transmit it to consumers or for another uses for example
it can be used, connected to the electrical grid, or stored for future use.
2 slide Interesting fact: The largest offshore wind farm in the world is called the
Walney Extension. This wind farm is located in the Irish Sea. The Walney Extension
covers a massive area of 149 square kilometers which makes the wind farm bigger
than the city of San Francisco, California, or the island of Manhattan in New York.
The grid of 87 wind turbines stands 195 meters tall. The Walney Extension has the
potential to generate 659 megawatts of power, which is enough to supply 600,000
homes in the United Kingdom with electricity.

3 slide Hydroelectric power, also called hydropower, electricity produced from

generators driven by turbines that convert the potential energy of falling or fast-
flowing water into mechanical energy.
In the generation of hydroelectric power, water is collected or stored at a higher
elevation and led downward through large pipes or tunnels to a lower elevation; the
difference in these two elevations is known as the head. At the end of its passage
down the pipes, the falling water causes turbines to rotate. The turbines in turn drive
generators, which convert the turbines’ mechanical energy into electricity.
Transformers are then used to convert the alternating voltage suitable for the
generators to a higher voltage suitable for long-distance transmission. The structure
that houses the turbines and generators, and into which the pipes or penstocks feed, is
called the powerhouse.
Hydroelectric power plants are usually located in dams that impound rivers, thereby
raising the level of the water behind the dam and creating as high a head as is feasible.
5 slide Advantage: Hydroelectric power has certain advantages over these other
sources. It is continually renewable owing to the recurring nature of the hydrologic
cycle. It does not produce thermal pollution. Hydroelectric power is a preferred
energy source in areas with heavy rainfall and with hilly or mountainous regions that
are in reasonably close proximity to the main load centres.
Disadvantage: Many of the negative environmental impacts of hydroelectric power
come from the associated dams, which can interrupt the migrations of spawning fish,
such as salmon, and permanently submerge or displace ecological and human
communities as the reservoirs fill. In addition, hydroelectric dams are vulnerable to
water scarcity.

6 slide Solar power is obtained by tapping the sun’s energy and converting it into
electricity using solar energy technologies like solar panels or concentrated power.
Solar power is the most renewable form of energy existing today. Solar power is
classified as renewable energy source as it’s eternal on a human time scale. It does not
produce harmful emissions, and most importantly, it’s absolutely free. On the
contrary, fossils fuels like oil, gas, and coal are non-renewable energy resources since
they are in limited supply. Simply stated, we will run out of fossils fuels someday.
The sun rays contain vast amounts of energy. Naturally, when the sun rays strike an
object, the energy is immediately converted into heat. Think of the warmth you
perceive when lying in the sun. However, when the sun rays strike certain specially
designed materials, it’s converted into electrical current, which can be tapped for
electricity. These specially designed devices capable of converting the sun’s energy
into electricity are called solar panels or photovoltaic panels.
A solar panel is made up of multiple solar cells or photovoltaic cells, which are
chiefly responsible for converting the sun’s energy into electricity. Photovoltaic is the
scientific process whereby solar energy is converted into electricity. Each solar panel
or photovoltaic panel comes with a given number of silicon cells. These cells react
with photons existing in the sun rays to generate direct current (DC).

The direct current is then channeled to an inverted where it’s converted into
Alternating Current (AC). The Alternating current is transmitted to your home or
office distribution network and is now able to power your home or office appliances.
When you produce more electricity than you need, the surplus is fed back into the
national power grid, which can earn you some money.