Course: Professional Graduate Programme In Civil

Engineering
Subject: Building and Town Planning
Subject Code: GPCE0801
Module Code: GPCE080101
Category: Civil Engineering
Topic: Introduction to Town Planning
Faculty Name: Kushagra Rawal
 Building and Town Planning

 Learning Outcome:
You will learn objective ,principles of town planning and origin of towns.

 INTRODUCTION
The phrase "town planning" refers to the process of arranging various
components or units of a town in such a way that the town as a whole takes on
the importance of a living organism. It also involves strategies for improving
existing communities or expanding current towns. As a result, understanding
town planning aids in reaching the best possible advantages of a town's location
in relation to its land and surrounding environs. In some ways, it would be more
accurate to argue that God created both the country and the town.
OBJECTS OF TOWN PLANNING
Beauty, convenience, the environment, and health are the four essential aims or
principles of any town planning strategy.

The goal of beauty is reached by utilising as much as possible of the natural

surroundings of the town, as well as providing architectural finishes to the
various components of the town.

The term "convenience" refers to a variety of economic, social, and recreational

benefits that will be provided to the general public. Cheap power and energy,
appropriate sites for industrial units, transportation facilities, enough water
supply, easy disposal of sewage and industrial wastes, and facilities for
commercial units are only a few of these amenities.

The environment's object is significant in the sense that it should be shaped in

such a way that man can go about his daily tasks with the least amount of stress.
The object of health is accommodated in a town planning scheme by making
proper use of land for proper purposes, providing public parks and playgrounds,
keeping pollution of various types to a minimum, and so on. It is accomplished
by dividing the land into zones such as residential, commercial, and industrial,

International Institute of Management & Technical Studies

B-56, Pariseema Complex, Opposite to Lal Bungalow, CG Road, Ahmedabad – 380009 Gujarat-
India London (UK) – Ahmedabad (India) – Surat (India) – Mumbai (India)
info@iimtgroup.edu.in| iimtstudies.edu.in 2
 Building and Town Planning
and avoiding the encroachment of one zone on the town's future smooth and
orderly development.

PRINCIPLES OF TOWN PLANNING

Town planning necessitates understanding of a variety of professions,
particularly engineering, architecture, and surveying. The city should not be
built just to meet the demands of future generations. However, the town's likely
growth and development should be carefully planned by the town planner, and
it should be ensured that the community does not expand in a random manner.
The following are some of the guiding concepts of town planning:
(1) Green belt

(2) Housing

(3) Road systems

(4) Transport facilities

(5) Public buildings

(6) Recreation centres

(7) Zoning.

Each of the above principle of town planning will now be briefly described.
(1) Green belt: The presence of a green belt on the outside of town limits the
town's size, allowing the final size of the town to be predicted.

(2) Housing: Extreme caution should be exercised in providing housing for

distinct groups of people. It should be noted that slums are not being developed,

International Institute of Management & Technical Studies

B-56, Pariseema Complex, Opposite to Lal Bungalow, CG Road, Ahmedabad – 380009 Gujarat-
India London (UK) – Ahmedabad (India) – Surat (India) – Mumbai (India)
info@iimtgroup.edu.in| iimtstudies.edu.in 3
 Building and Town Planning
and if they do exist, they are being cleared through the supply of some alternate
arrangement.

(3) Public buildings: Throughout the community, there should be a well-

balanced grouping and distribution of diverse public buildings. It is preferable
to avoid overcrowding of public buildings in specific areas of town.

(4) Recreation centres: Depending on the size of the town, sufficient space
should be set aside for the development of public recreation centres.
(5) Road systems: The arrangement of a town's roads determines its
efficiency. A well-designed road system leaves a lasting impact on people,
particularly visitors to the town. The supply of a defective road system during
the early stages of town creation proves too complex and expensive to repair or
re-arrange in the future.

(6) Transportation facilities: The town should be equipped with enough

transportation facilities to ensure that the time spent travelling from work to
home is as short as possible.

(7) Zoning: The town should be divided into appropriate zones, such as
commercial, industrial, and residential zones, with appropriate rules and
regulations in place for each zone's development.

ORIGIN OF TOWNS
If a survey of the origins of some of the world's most prominent towns and
cities is conducted, it can be easily determined that each town or city was
founded due to a certain cause. The factors that contributed to the formation of
towns and cities can be separated into two groups: topographical and functional.

The following are some of the topographical elements that contribute to the
formation of towns:

International Institute of Management & Technical Studies

B-56, Pariseema Complex, Opposite to Lal Bungalow, CG Road, Ahmedabad – 380009 Gujarat-
India London (UK) – Ahmedabad (India) – Surat (India) – Mumbai (India)
info@iimtgroup.edu.in| iimtstudies.edu.in 4
 Building and Town Planning
(1) conditions favourable for industrial units, (2) hilly areas to achieve the
object of defence,

(3) plain areas useful for business activities,

(4) river banks, and

(5) sea or ocean fronts.

The following are the functional aspects that contribute to the formation of
towns:

(1) education,

(2) health resorts

(3) political

(4) religious.

International Institute of Management & Technical Studies

B-56, Pariseema Complex, Opposite to Lal Bungalow, CG Road, Ahmedabad – 380009 Gujarat-
India London (UK) – Ahmedabad (India) – Surat (India) – Mumbai (India)
info@iimtgroup.edu.in| iimtstudies.edu.in 5
 Building and Town Planning

REFERENCES
1. Building Planning, Designing and scheduling by Gurucharan Singh,
Standard Book House, New Delhi
2. General Development Control Regulations published by AUDA and
GICEA
3. Building Drawing by M. G. Shah, C. M. Kale and S. Y. Patki, Tata Mc
Graw Hill, New Delhi
4. Town Planning by S.C. Rangwala, Charotar publishing House, Anand

International Institute of Management & Technical Studies

B-56, Pariseema Complex, Opposite to Lal Bungalow, CG Road, Ahmedabad – 380009 Gujarat-
India London (UK) – Ahmedabad (India) – Surat (India) – Mumbai (India)
info@iimtgroup.edu.in| iimtstudies.edu.in 6