Science 6th primary 2nd term unit 2 lesson 1 part 2

The electric circuit

?How to form a simple electric circuit

Simple electric circuit consists of:

1 – Battery: it works as source of electric current in electric circuit.

2 – Lamp.

3 – Electric wires: it is used to connect the battery to the lamp in the electric circuit.

The electric circuit:

It is a closed and continuous path through which the electric current will pass making a
complete cycle.

** look at the following two electric circuits (fig a and fig. b) and try to find
out why the lamp in fig a is lighted, while the lamp in fig b is not lighted?

- in fig a , all the parts of the electric circuit are

connected together (closed circle), so the electric
current can pass through the circuit that makes the
lamp lights up.

- in fig. b , the parts of the electric circuit are not

connected together (open circuit), so the electric
current does not pass through the circuit that
makes the lamp doesn't light.

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 Science 6th primary 2nd term unit 2 lesson 1 part 2
** How to connect many electric lamps in electric circuits?

Methods of connection of electric

lamps in electric circuits.

Connecting electric lamps in – 1 Connecting electric lamps in – 2

.series in electric circuits .parallel in electric circuits

gnitcennoC –1
stiucric.
:Activity >>> to show how to connect light bulbs in series

Tools: 4 small lamps, connecting wires, battery.

Steps Figures observations

form electric circuit – 1 The light intensity of the
as in fig. a .bulb is strong

connect another light – 2 The light intensity of two

bulb to the circuit as in .light bulbs decreases
fig. b

repeat the previous – 3 The light intensity of four

step until they become .bulbs become very weak
four light bulbs. As in fig
c

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Science 6th primary 2nd term unit 2 lesson 1 part 2
unscrew on lamp in the – 4 The four light bulbs are
electric circuit while it is .turned off
connected as in fig. d

Conclusion:
When we connect more than one bulb with the circuit in series, the lighting of the bulbs
.decreases by increasing number of connected light bulbs

Explanation:
.in connecting light bulbs in series , the light bulbs are connected one after another – 1
in the series connection, there is one route for the electric current to pass through in the – 2
.circuit
when we cut a part of this route by unscrewing one bulb or when the bulb burns out, the – 3
.current does not flow in the circuit, so all the light bulbs are turned off

1 – Connecting electric lamps in parallel in electric circuits

Activity >>> to show how to connect light bulbs in parallel

.Tools: 4 small lamps – connecting wires – battery

Steps Figures observations

connect two light bulbs – 1 The light intensity of the
in an electric circuit as in .two bulbs is strong
fig. a

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Science 6th primary 2nd term unit 2 lesson 1 part 2
repeat the previous – 2 The light intensity of the
step until they become four four bulbs is the same and
light bulbs as in fig b .not decreased

unscrew one of the – 3 The unscrewed lamp is

lamps while they are turned off. While the
connected as in fig c other three lamps are
lighted up with the same
.light intensity

:Conclusion
When we connect more than one bulb with the circuit in parallel, the lighting of the bulbs
.remains as it is

:Explanation
.in connecting light bulbs in parallel, the light bulbs are connecting in branching routes – 1

in parallel connection, there are more than one route for the electric current to pass – 2
.through in electric circuit

when we cut one of these routes by unscrewing one of lamps , the electric current moves – 3
.in other routes , so the other lamps in the circuit do not turn off

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Science 6th primary 2nd term unit 2 lesson 1 part 2

In the decorative lights used in religious celebrations and

wedding, if one or more lamps burn out, the other lamps don't
?turn off
.Because the lamps in decorative lights are connected in parallel

Connecting electric lamps in a house

look at the opposite figure that shows the connection of electric lamps and some electric -
.machines in a house

try to imagine the following activity to find out if the -

!!?lamps in houses are connected in series or parallel

:Steps
.Turn on the lamps in all the rooms of the house – 1

Operate one of the electric machines ((radio, television)) – 2

.Turn off the electric lamp in one of the rooms – 3

Observation:
.The electric lamps and the electric machines are still turned on in the other rooms

:Conclusion
.All lamps and machines in house are connected in parallel

:Explanation
all the electric lamps in house are connected to the main distributor of the energy in – 1
.parallel, so they function independently

turning off or damage of any of the lamps in a room doesn't affect the lamps in the – 2
.other rooms of the house

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Science 6th primary 2nd term unit 2 lesson 1 part 2

Questions on lesson

:Complete the following statements

………………………… the simple electric circuit consists of ………………….., …………………….. and – 1
..………………… when connecting many light bulbs in series, the light intensity of the bulbs – 2
.and …………………………… are two ways for connecting electric circuits …………………………… – 3
to light an electric lamp, we need a …………………………. As a source of electricity and – 4
..………………………… connecting
.………………………… the lighting of light bulbs does not change if they are connected in – 5
the electric current in the ……………………… connection has only one route , while it has many – 6
.routes in the …………………………. Connection
when connecting light bulbs in ………………………….. the lighting of the lamps decreases by – 7
.………………………………….. their numbers
.…………………………… all lamps and machines in house are connected in – 8
..………………………………… the flow of electric chargers is called – 9

:Choose the correct answer

We need light bulb, battery and connecting wires connected together in a closed – 1
…………………………… continuous path to
.a. obtain a continuous electric circuit
.b. make a simple electric circuit
.c. light the bulb. d. do all the previous

When we connect more than one bulb in parallel with an electric source, the lighting of – 2
.………………………… the bulbs
a. decreases. b. increases c. does not change. d. a , b and c

when we connect more than one bulb in series with an electric source, the lighting of the – 3
.bulbs ………………………… when larger number of bulbs are connected
a. decreases b. increases c. does not change. d. a , b. and c

.………………………… when we unscrew a bulb in an electric series circuit– 4

.a. the unscrewed lamp only will be turned off
.b. the following lamp only will be turned off
.c. no lamp will be turned off. d. all lamps will be turned off

..………………………… When one bulb burns in an electric parallel circuit – 5

.a. the nearest two lamps to it only will be turned off
.b. the first lamp only will be turned off
.c. all lamps will be turned off
.d. no other lamp will be turned off

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Science 6th primary 2nd term unit 2 lesson 1 part 2
In decorative lights, if one or more lamps burn out the other lamps do not turn off – 6
.…………………………… because
.a. lamps are used in decoration in religious celebrations
.b. lamps are connected in parallel
.c. lamps are connected in series
d. a , b. and c

………………………………………………………… In houses – 7
.a. lamps and all other electric machines are connected in parallel
.b. lamps are connected in parallel and other machines are connected in series
.c. lamps are connected in series and all other machines are connected in parallel
.d. lamps and all other machines are connected in series

: Write the scientific term

a way in which the light bulbs is connected one after the other and the light intensity of – 1
..………………………………………… .the bulbs decreases by increasing their numbers

the way where the bulbs are connected and lighting of lamps is not affected by increasing – 2
.…………………………………………… .their number

.……………… .a way of connection with which the lamps and machines are connected in houses – 3

it is a closed and continuous path through which the electric current will pass making a – 4
………………………………………… .complete cycle

?What happens if

?one of the electric lamps in a series circuit burns out – 1

..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
?the light bulbs in the house are connected in series – 2
..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
?the bulb of electric lamp is filled with oxygen – 3
..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
?one of the electric lamps in a parallel circuit burns out – 4
..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7 Ms. Marim