Trung Tâm Anh Ngữ Năm Sao HKII (2021-2022)-LỚP 11

Full name: ………………………………………..

Class: ……………………………………………….

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN THI HỌC KÌ 2- KHỐI 11

I. TỪ VỰNG (VOCABULARY)

UNIT 9
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
bother v làm phiền , áy náy equip v trang bị
thư gửi đường bộ hoặc
commune n xã surface mail n đường biển
advanced
courteous a lịch sự n công nghệ tiên tiến
technology
coward n kẻ hèn nhát Press Distribution n Dịch vụ phát hành báo chí

digit n con số original a gốc, ban đầu

dissatisfaction n sự không hài long advantage n sự thuận lợi

Express Mail dịch vụ thư chuyển
n disadvantage n sự bất lợi
Service phát nhanh
Express Money dịch vụ chuyển
n subcribe v đăng ký
Transfer phát tiền nhanh

facsimile (fax) n bản sao, máy fax registration n sự đăng ký

Flower Telegram
n dịch vụ điện hoa deliver v phân phát, giao
Service
dịch vụ chuyển
Mail and parcel
n phát thư và bưu transfer v chuyển
Service phẩm
Messenger Call
n dịch vụ điện thoại transmit v gửi, phát, truyền
Service
notify v thông báo telephone line n đường dây điện thoại
dịch vụ phát hành
Press Distribution n báo chí transmission n sự phát, sự truyền

proportion n tỉ lệ capacity n công suất, sức chứa

punctuality n sự đúng giờ demand n nhu cầu

recipient n người nhận reduction n sự giảm bớt

satisfaction n sự hài long fixed telephone n điện thoại cố định

secure a an toàn, bảo đảm communal growth n tăng trưởng cộng đồng

spacious a roojgn rãi rural network n mạng lưới nông thôn

speedy a nhanh chóng digit subscriber n người đăng ký số

người đăng kí,
subscriber n thuê bao expansion n sự mở rộng

telecommunication n viễn thông shoplifter n kẻ cắp giả làm khách

thoughtful a sâu sắc, chin chắn attitude n thái độ

lành nghề, được người thuê, mướn (nhà,
well-trained a đào tạo bài bản tenant n đất)
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người theo chủ
pacificist n nghĩa hòa bình

UNIT 10
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
capture v bắt, bắt giữ in danger exp có nguy cơ
sống chung, cùng
co-exist v tồn tại interference n sự can thiệp

cultivation n sự canh tác make sure v đảm bảo

destroy v phá hủy, tàn phá pollutant n chất gây ô nhiễm

destruction n sự phá hủy result in v gây ra

devastate v tàn phá, phá hủy scatter v phân tán

devastating a phá hủy preserve v bảo tồn

đổ ra, chảy ra,
discharge v phóng ra discourage v không khuyến khích
bị nguy hiểm, bị
endangered a tàn phá threaten v đe dọa
bị tiêu diệt, bị
extinct a tuyệt chủng abundant a dồi dào, phong phú

fertilizer n phân bón coastal waters n vùng biển duyên hải

have great
landscape n phong cảnh exp có tác động to lớn
influence on sth
sự giữ gìn, duy trì,
maintenance n bảo quản affect v ảnh hưởng
con cháu, dòng
offspring n dõii water supply n việc cung cấp nước
thuốc diệt côn
pesticide n trùng approximately adv xấp xỉ
cấm, không cho
prohibit v phép a variety of exp nhiều

protect v bảo vệ species n giống loài

sự liên quan, mối
respect n quan hệ human being n con người
thuộc về quang
scenic a cảnh
human race n nhân loại

survive v sống sót, tồn tại disappear v biến mất

sự tồn tại, người
survival n còn sống sót estimate v ước tính

consequence n hậu quả

UNIT 11
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
alternative a thay thế dam n đập ngăn nước

consumption n sự tiêu thụ electricity n điện

ecologist n nhà nghiên cứu energy n năng lượng

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sinh thái học
cạn kiệt, kiệt sức,
exhausted a mệt mỏi
nuclear energy n năng lượng hạt nhân
nhiên liệu hóa
fossil fuel n thạch
plentiful a nhiều, phong phú

geothermal heat n địa nhiệt reserve n trữ lượng

infinite a không giới hạn windmill n cối xoay gió

make use of exp tận dụng, sử dụng convenient a tiện lợi

potential n tiềm năng enormous a to lớn, khổng lồ

release v nhả ra, phóng ra harmful a có hại

renewable a có thể thay thế hydroelectricity a thủy điện

resource n tài nguyên nuclear reactor n phản ứng hạt nhân

tấm thu năng
solar panel n lượng mặt trời
radiation n phóng xạ

at the same time exp cùng lúc đó run out v cạn kiệt

available a sẵn có as can be seen exp có thể thấy

coal n than đá make up v chiếm

conduct v tiến hành experiment n cuộc thí nghiệm

extraordinary a lạ thường overlook v nhìn ra

progress n sư tiến triến surround v bao quang

research v nghiên cứu limited a có giới hạn

consist of v bao gồm unlimited a không có giới hạn

nhu cầu sử dụng
power demand n năng lượng
relatively adv tương đối

entire a toàn bộ run off (water) v chảy đi

phương thức,
method n phương pháp

UNIT 12
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
advance v nâng cao, tiến bộ appreciate v đánh giá
thể thao dưới
aquatic sports n nước
athlete n vận động viên điền kinh

bodybuilding n thể dục thể hình freestyle n kiểu bơi tự do

đồng (huy
bronze n chương)
gymnasium n phòng thể dục dụng cụ

effort n cố gắng gymnast n vận động viên thể dục

intercultural
fencing n môn đấu kiếm n kiến thức liên văn hóa
knowledge
gather v tập hợp, tụ họp land v hạ rơi

official n quan chức rugby n bóng bầu dục

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silver n bạc (huy chương) solidarity n tính đoàn kết

squash n môn bóng quần enthusiasm n sự hang hái, nhiệt tình

falicity n tiện nghi hockey n khúc gôn cầu

host country n nước chủ nhà medal n huy chương

đua xe đạp địa
mountain biking n hình shooting n môn bắn súng

strength n sức mạnh take place v diễn ra

weightlifting n môn cử tạ wrestling n môn đấu vật

high jump n môn nhảy cao long jump n môn nhảy xa

record n kỷ lục advertise v quảng cáo

promote v quảng bá recruit v tuyển dụng

upgrade v nâng cấp widen v mở rộng
apply for (a job) v xin việc book v đặt vé trước
take part in
hold v tổ chức v tham gia
participate in
multi-sport event n đại hội thể thao aspect n khía cạnh, yếu tố
participant n người tham dự

UNIT 13
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
đệm đàn, đệm
accompany v nhạc accompolished a có tài, tài hoa, cừ khôi
khao khát, thèm
avid a thuồng continually a liên tục, không ngớt

discarded a loại bỏ fascinating a hấp dẫn

fish tank n bể cá gigantic a khổng lồ, kết xù

ignorantly adv ngu dốt indeed adv quả thực

indulge in v say mê, say xưa tune n giai điệu

wonder n kỳ quan admire v ngưỡng mộ

modest a khiêm tốn occupied a bận rộn

book stall n quầy sách broaden v mở rộng (kiến thức)

category n loại, hạng, nhóm classify v phân loại

exchange v trao đổi name tag n nhãn ghi tên

overseas adv ở nước ngoài pen friend n bạn qua thư

bygone a quá khứ, qua rồi cope with v đối phó, đương đầu
fairy tale n chuyện cổ tích otherwise conj nếu không thì
profitably adv có ích imaginary a tưởng tượng

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UNIT 14
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
athletics n điền kinh average n trung bình
việc xây
bricklaying n dựng(bằng gạch) campground n bãi cắm trại

dirt bike n xe moto địa hình entry qualification n điều kiện nhập học

fee n học phí glass engraving n khắc kính

sự cải thiện, sửa sang, tu
home-based a ở nhà improvement n bổ
memento n kỷ vật solitude n sự biệt lập, cô độc

sophisticated a phức tạp, tinh tế stock market n thị trường chứng khoáng
thực hiện (công
undertake v việc, nhiệm vụ) waterfall n thác nước

wilderness n miền hoang dã

UNIT 15
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
appoint v bổ nhiệm artificial a nhân tạo

aspiration n khát vọng astronaut n nhà du hành vũ trụ

bid goodbye exp chào tạm biệt biography n tiểu sử, lí lịch

breakthrough n bước đột phá caption n lời chú thích

thách thức, thử Nghị viện, Quốc hội (ở Hoa
challenge n thách Congress n Kì)
conquest n sự chinh phục cosmonaut n nhà du hành vũ trụ (Nga)

extreme a vô cùng, cực độ feat n chiến công, chiến tích

trọng lực, lực hấp
gravity n dẫn leap n bước nhảy

mission n sứ mệnh, nhiệm vụ orbit n quỹ đạo

người tiên phong,
pioneer n đi đầu pressure n áp suất, áp lực
sự (cái) làm gợi nhở, nhắc
psychological a thuộc về tâm lý reminder n nhở
shuttle n tàu vũ trụ con thoi tragic a bi thảm

NASA (National
Aeronautics and Cơ quan Hàng không và
venture n việc mạo hiểm n
Space Vũ trụ Hoa Kỳ
Administration)
tomb n mộ, mồ, mả treasure n châu báu, kho báu

desire n khát vọng honour v tôn kính

lift off v phóng vụt lên name after v đặt tên theo

psychological sự căng thẳng về mặt tâm

plane crash n vụ rơi máy bay n
tension lý

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set foot on exp đặt chân lên space n vũ trụ

spacecraft n tàu vũ trụ technical failure n trục trặc kỹ thuật

telegram n điện tín uncertainty a sự không chắc chắn

tình trạng không trọng
venture n việc mạo hiểm weightlessness n lượng
tiến hành, thực
carry out v hiện launch v phóng (tàu vũ trụ)
có người diều
manned a khiển mark a milestone v tạo bước ngoặc

satellite n vệ tinh achievement n thành tựu

resign v từ chức

UNIT 16
CLAS CLAS
WORDS MEANING WORDS MEANING
S S
belongings n đồ dung, đồ đạc burial n sự mai tang, chôn cất

chamber n gian buồng dedicate v biếu, cống hiến

enlist v đăng ký, ghi sổ eternal a vĩnh cửu, vĩnh hằng

khoảng đất, bãi
ground n đất impressive a gây ấn tượng mạnh mẽ

ramp n đường dốc represent v tiêu biểu, đại diện

spiral a có hình xoán ốc structure n cấu trúc, kết cấu

surpass v vượt, trội hơn theory n lí thuyết, giả thuyết

throne n ngai vàng tomb n mộ, mồ, mả

treasure n châu báu, kho báu base n nền móng

block n khối circumstance n tình huống

công trình, sự xây xây tường, rào (quanh cái
construction n dựng enclose v gì)
entrance n lối vào journey n cuộc hành trình

mandarin n vị quan man-made a nhân tạo

mysterious a huyền bí, bí ẩn pharaoh n vua Ai Cập cổ

pyramid n kim tự tháp giant a khổng lồ

ancient a cổ, từ thời xưa dynasty n triều đại

vẻ tráng lệ, lộng
magnificence n lẫy world heritage n di sản thế giới

architect n kiến trúc brief a ngắn gọn, vắn tắt

in honour of exp để tưởng nhớ marble n cẩm thạch

sandstone n sa thạch statue n tượng

II. NGỮ PHÁP (GRAMMAR)

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1. MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ (RELATIVE CLAUSES)
1.1 Đại từ quan hệ & Trạng từ quan hệ
1.2

Who Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ ngườ i, đứ ng sau danh từ chỉ The girl who loves me lives in this house. (theo sau
ngườ i để là m chủ ngữ hoặc tâ n ngữ cho độ ng từ who là độ ng từ → who đó ng vai trò là chủ ngữ )
đứ ng sau nó . Theo sau who là chủ ngữ hoặc là The girl who I love lives in this house. (theo sau
độ ng từ . who là chủ ngữ →who đó ng vai trò là tâ n ngữ )

Whom Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ ngườ i, đứ ng sau danh từ chỉ The girl whom I love lives in this house.
ngườ i để là m tâ n ngữ cho độ ng từ đứ ng sau nó .
Theo sau whom là chủ ngữ .
Which Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ vậ t, đứ ng sau danh từ chỉ I am reading the book which was written by a
vậ t để làm chủ ngữ hoặ c tâ n ngữ cho độ ng từ famous writer. (theo sau which là độ ng từ →
đứ ng sau nó . Theo sao which là chủ ngữ hoặc là which đó ng vai trò làm chủ ngữ )
độ ng từ . I am reading the book which you gave me on my
birthday. →(theo sau which là chủ ngữ → which
đó ng vai trò làm tâ n ngữ )
That Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả ngườ i lẫ n vậ t, có thể đượ c dù ng thay cho Who, Whom, Which trong mệnh đề
quan hệ thuộ c loại mệnh đề xác định (Defining Relative Clauses).
a. Luôn dùng that trong những trường hợp sau.
 Sau nhữ ng danh từ chỉ ngườ i lẫ n vậ t
Ví dụ : I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park.
 Sau các đại từ bấ t định (someone/body, no one/body, everyone/body, anyone/body; something,
everything, anything, nothing) hoặ c sau all/much/none, little...
Ví dụ : My father is the one that I admire most.
All that is mine is yours.
 Sau dạ ng so sá nh nhấ t
Ví dụ : My mother is the most beautiful woman that I have ever known.
 Sau các từ chỉ thứ tự như: first, second, next,... last, only
Ví dụ : You are the only person that I can believe.
 Trong cấ u trú c câu nhấ n mạ nh:
It + be + thành phần nhấn mạnh + that + S + V
Ví dụ : It was the book that my mother bought me last week.
It is you that I am looking for.
It is/was not until + time/time clause + that + S + V
(phải mãi tới khi... thì)
Ví dụ : It was not until he was 40 that he got married.
b. Không dùng that trong những trường hợp sau
 Khô ng dù ng that sau dấ u phẩ y
Ví dụ :
She couldn't go to the party, that makes me sad. → She couldn’t go to the party, which makes me sad.

 Khô ng dù ng that sau giớ i từ

Ví dụ :
The music to that I am listening is very sweet and gentle. → The music to which I am listening is
very sweet and gentle.
Whos Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ sở hữ u. Whose đứ ng sau The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is
e danh từ chỉ ngườ i hoặc vậ t và thay cho tính từ sở my younger brother.
hữ u trướ c
danh từ . Whose luô n đi kèm vớ i mộ t danh từ .
When Là trạ ng từ quan hệ chỉ thờ i gian, đứ ng sau danh  I still remember the day when my mother took me
từ chỉ thờ i gian, dù ng thay cho on/at/in + which. to school for the first time.
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Where Là trạ ng từ quan hệ chỉ nơi chố n, đứ ng sau danh
từ chỉ nơi chố n, thay cho at/on/in + which.
Why Là trạ ng từ quan hệ chỉ lí do, đứ ng sau tiền ngữ
"the reason", dù ng thay cho "for which”.
HKII (2021-2022)-LỚP 11
= I still remember the day on which my mother took
me to school for the first time.
 May is the month when I was born.
= May is the month in which I was born.
 That was the time when he managed the
company.
= That was the time at which he managed the
company.
That is the house where we used to live.
= That is the house in which we used to live.
Please tell me the reason why you are telling me a
lie.
= Please tell me the reason for which you are telling
me a lie.

1.3 Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ

Có ba loạ i mệnh đề quan hệ:
a. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (defining relative clause)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ xá c định dù ng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứ ng trướ c, là bộ phậ n quan trọ ng củ a câu,
nếu bỏ đi thì mệnh đề chính không có nghĩa rõ ràng.
Ví dụ :
- The girl who is wearing the blue dress is my sister.
- The book which I borrowed from you is very interesting.
b. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (non-restrictive relative clause)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ khô ng xá c định dù ng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứ ng trướ c, là phầ n giả i thích thêm,
nếu bỏ đi thì mệnh đề chính vẫn còn nghĩa rõ ràng.
- Mệnh đề quan hệ khô ng xá c định thườ ng đượ c ngă n vớ i mệnh đề chính bở i các dấ u phẩ y. Danh từ
đứ ng trướ c thườ ng là tên riêng hoặ c trướ c cá c danh từ thườ ng có các từ như: this, that, these, those,
my, his, her, your, our, their,...
- Khô ng đượ c dù ng that trong mệnh đề khô ng xác định.
Ví dụ :
- Peter, who is my boyfriend, is very handsome and intelligent.
- My father, who is 50 years old, is a doctor.
c. Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp
Mệnh đề quan hệ nố i tiếp dù ng để giải thích cả mộ t câu, trườ ng hợ p nà y chỉ dù ng đại từ quan hệ which
và dù ng dấ u phẩ y để tá ch hai mệnh đề. Mệnh đề nà y luô n đứ ng ở cuố i câu.
Ví dụ :
- He sent me a bunch of flowers, which made me surprised.
1.3 Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ
Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể rú t gọ n theo bố n cá ch:
a. Using participle phrases (sử dụ ng hiện tạ i phâ n từ - V-ing)
- Dù ng khi đạ i từ quan hệ đó ng vai trò làm chủ ngữ và độ ng từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ
độ ng.
- Ta dù ng present participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trự độ ng từ , đưa độ ng
từ chính về nguyên mẫ u rồ i thêm -ing).
Ví dụ:
- The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle. →The man sitting next to you is my uncle.
- Do you know the man who asked me the way to the bank?

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→Do you know the man asking me the way to the bank?
b. Using past participle phrases (sử dụ ng quá khử phâ n từ - Vp2)
- Dù ng khi đạ i từ quan hệ đó ng vai trò làm chủ ngữ và độ ng từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị độ ng.
- Ta dù ng past participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đạ i từ quan hệ, trợ độ ng từ và bắ t đầ u
cụ m từ bằ ng past participle).
Ví dụ:
The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy.
→The students punished by the teacher are lazy.
c. Using "to infinitive" or "infinitive phrase" (for sb to do)
- Khi đại từ quan hệ thay thế cho các từ có chứ a số thứ tự như: first, second, next, third... last, only
và so sá nh nhấ t
Ví dụ:
- She was the last person that was interviewed this morning.
→She was the last person to be interviewed this morning.
- She is the most suitable person who can take on this job.
→She is the most suitable person to take on this job.
- Câu bắ t đầ u bằ ng: here, there
Ví dụ:
- There is a good restaurant where we can eat good food.
→There is a good restaurant for us to eat good food.
- Here is the form that you must fill in.
→Here is the form for you to fill in.
d. Using noun phrases (cụ m danh từ )
Mệnh đề quan hệ khô ng xá ch định có thể đượ c rú t gọ n bằ ng cách dù ng cụ m danh từ .
Ví dụ:
- Mrs Flora, who is a rich businesswoman, will sponsor our competition.
→Mrs Flora, a rich businesswoman, will sponsor our competition.
- I live in Hanoi, which is the capital of Vietnam.
→I live in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam.
LƯU Ý
Khi đại từ quan hệ đó ng vai trò làm tâ n ngữ củ a mệnh đề, ta có thể bỏ đạ i từ quan hệ đó .
Ví dụ :
The dress which Trang is wearing is very nice.
→The dress Trang is wearing is very nice.
1.4 Giới từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
Trong vă n phong trang trọ ng, giớ i từ có thể đượ c đặ t trướ c đạ i từ quan hệ. Tuy nhiên, ta chỉ đặ t giớ i từ
trướ c hai đạ i từ quan hệ là whom (cho ngườ i) và which (cho vậ t).

Ví dụ :
The picture which you are looking at was painted by a famous artist.
→ The picture at which you are looking was painted by a famous artist.
Chú ý:
- Khi giớ i từ đứ ng cuố i mệnh đề quan hệ thì ta có thể bỏ đạ i từ quan hệ và có thể dù ng that thay cho
whom và which trong mệnh đề quan hệ xá c định.
- Khi giớ i từ đứ ng trướ c đại từ quan hệ thì ta khô ng thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ và khô ng thể dù ng that thay
cho whom và which.
- Cách dù ng củ a các cấu trú c mở đầ u cho mệnh đề quan hệ: all, most, none, neither, any, either, some, (a)
few, both, half, each, one, two, several, many, much, + of which/whom.
Ví dụ:

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- Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are married.
- I tried on three pairs of shoes, none of which fitted me.
- He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn't answer.
- There were a lot of people at the meeting, few of whom I had met before.
1.5 Cleft Sentence (Câu chẻ, câu nhấn mạnh)
a. Subject focus (nhấ n mạ nh chủ ngữ )

who/that (person)
It is/It was + S which/that + V +…
(things/animals)
Ví dụ :
The man gave her the book
→It was the man who/that gave her the book.
b. Object focus (nhấ n mạ nh tâ n ngữ )

who/whom/that (person)
It is/It was + O which/that + S + V +…
(things/animals)
Ví dụ :
He bought a small red convertible.
→It was a small red convertible that he bought.
c. Adverbial Focus

It is/It was + Adv

that + S + V +…
Phr
Ví dụ :
The boy hit the dog in the garden.
→It was in the garden that the boy hit the dog.
d. Câ u chẻ bị độ ng
It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (person) + who + be + P.P…
Ví dụ ; Fans gave that singer a lot of flowers.
→It was that singer who was given a lot of flowers.

It + is / was + Noun (thing) + that + be + P.P…

Ví dụ :
- People talk about this film.
→ It is this film that is talked about.
- Fans gave that singer a lot of flowers.
→ It was a lot of flowers that were given to that singer.
2. REPORTED SPEECH IN PASSIVE VOICE (Câu Tường Thuật Dạng Bị Động)
Mộ t số độ ng từ chỉ quan điểm ý kiến thô ng dụ ng là : think/say/suppose/believe/consider/report...
(nghĩ rằng/nói rằng/cho rằng/tin rằng/xem xét rằng/thông báo rằng...)

Cấu trúc:
S1 + V1 + THAT + S2 + V2 + ...
→ IT + Vl(bị động) + THAT + S2 + V2+...
→ S2 + Vl(bi đông) + TO + V2(bare) (nếu V2 và V1 cù ng thì)
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HAVE + VP2 (nếu V2 và V1 khá c thì)
Ví dụ :
- People believe that 13 is an unlucky number.
→It is believed that 13 is an unlucky number.
→13 is believed to be an unlucky number.
- They thought that the man had stolen the car.
→It was thought that the man had stolen the car.
→The man was thought to have stolen the car.
3. MODAL VERBS (CAN, COULD, BE ABLE TO)

Modal
Cách dùng Ví dụ Chú ý
Verbs
Diễn tả khả nă ng hiện tạ i - I can swim - Tô i có Can và Could cò n đượ c
hoặ c tương lai mà mộ t thể bơi. dù ng trong câ u hỏ i đề
Can
ngườ i có thể là m đượ c gì, - It can rain - Trờ i có nghị/xin phép, yêu cầ u.
hoặ c mộ t sự việc có thể xả y thể mưa. Ví dụ :
ra. - Could you please wait
a moment? - Bạ n có thể
- My brother could speak
đợ i mộ t lá t đượ c khô ng?
Diễn tả khả nă ng xả y English when he was five -
Could - Can I sit here? - Tô i có
ra trong quá khứ . Anh trai tô i đã có thể nó i
tiếng Anh khi anh ấ y 5 thể ngồ i đâ y đượ c khô ng?
tuổ i.

Sự khác nhau giữa "can" và "be able to"

Ta sử dụ ng "be able to" và “can" để diễn tả mộ t khả nă ng hay sự việc có thể. Tuy nhiên, "can" khô ng có
dạ ng tương lai nên ta sử dụ ng "will be able to". Ví dụ :
- They can come on Friday. ~ Họ có thể đến vào thứ Sáu.
- Jack will be able to come next week. ~ Jack có thể đến vào tuần tới.
"Could" trong quá khứ diễn tả mộ t khả nă ng chung để là m mộ t việc gì đó .
Ví dụ :
- He could swim when he was five. ~ Anh ấ y có thể bơi từ hồ i lên 5 tuổ i.
Tuy nhiên, nếu mộ t ngườ i nà o đó trong mộ t hoà n cả nh phả i là m mộ t việc gì đó , cố gắ ng xoay xở để là m
mộ t việc gì đó thì ta sử dụ ng “was/ were able to”.
Ví dụ :
In spite of his broken leg, he was able to get out of the burning house. (Mặ c dù gã y châ n, anh ấ y vẫ n có thể
thoá t ra khỏ i ngô i nhà đang chá y.)
4. CONJUNTIONS (LIÊN TỪ)
Cá c liên từ cặ p đô i như both … and, not only … but also, either …or, neither … nor đượ c dù ng để cấ u tạ o
cấ u trú c song hà nh. Từ , cụ m từ hay mệnh đề đượ c nố i liền bở i nhữ ng liên từ nà y luô n có cù ng cấ u
trú c, chứ c nă ng hoặ c từ loạ i.

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a. both … and (vừa …vừa …, cả …lẫn …)

Ví dụ :
She is both intelligent and beautiful. (adjectives)
Both his brother and his sister are students. (nouns)

Note: Khi hai chủ từ đượ c nố i liền bở i both … and, độ ng từ ở hình thứ c số nhiều.

b. not only … but also (không những / chỉ … mà còn)

Ví dụ :
He studies not only English but also French. (nouns)
The film was not only boring but also long. (adjectives)
She not only sings beautifully but also plays the piano well. (verbs)

c. either …or (hoặc …hoặc)

Ví dụ :
You either must work hard or will fail. (verbs)
Either you or he is going to be on duty. (pronouns)

d. neither … nor (không … cũng không)

Ví dụ :
She likes neither tea nor coffee. (nouns)
My father neither smokes nor drinks. (verbs)

Lưu ý:
Khi hai chủ từ đượ c nố i bở i not only … but also, either … or, neither … nor, độ ng từ hò a hợ p vớ i chủ từ
ngay trướ c nó .
Ví dụ : Not only his friends but also his brother gives him presents.

Khi not only … but also nố i liền hai mệnh đề và đứ ng đầ u câ u, chú ng ta phả i đả o ngữ mệnh đề thứ nhấ t.
Ví dụ : Not only does he speak English but he also speaks French.

Độ ng từ trong câ u có cặ p liên từ neither … nor luô n ở dạ ng khẳ ng định

Ví dụ : My father neither smokes nor drinks.

5. TAG QUESTIONS (CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI)

Nguyên tắc chung khi lập câu hỏi đuôi:
- Nếu câ u nó i trướ c dấ u phẩ y là câ u khẳ ng định, câ u hỏ i đuô i phả i ở thể phủ định.
- Nếu câ u nó i trướ c dấ u phẩ y là câ u phủ định, câ u hỏ i đuô i phả i ở thể khẳ ng định.
Cấu tạo của câu hỏi đuôi:
- Câ u hỏ i đuô i gồ m mộ t trợ độ ng từ tương ứ ng vớ i thì đượ c dù ng trong câ u nó i trướ c dấ u phẩ y, có
not hoặ c khô ng có not và mộ t đạ i từ nhâ n xưng tương ứ ng vớ i chủ ngữ củ a câ u nó i trướ c dấ u phẩ y.

MỘT SỐ TRƯỜNG HỢP CẦN LƯU Ý

Ví dụ Lưu Ý
I am…, aren’t I? I am very cute, aren't I? Câ u hỏ i đuô i củ a "I am" là "aren’t I”
Iam not …, am I am not very tall, am I? Câ u hỏ i đuô i củ a “I am not” là “am I”

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I?
“Let” trong câ u rủ (let's) thì khi thà nh lậ p
Let's go out for a drink, shall we?
hỏ i đuô i sẽ dù ng “shall we?”
"Let" trong câ u xin phép (let us/let me) thì
Let us use the telephone, will you? khi thà nh lậ p hỏ i đuô i sẽ dù ng “will
Let đầ u câ u
you/won’t you?"
“Let” trong câ u đề nghị giú p ngườ i khá c (let
Let me help you do it, may I? me) thì khi thà nh lậ p hỏ i đuô i sẽ dù ng "may
I?"
Chủ ngữ là "Everyone/Everybody,
Everybody has come, haven't
Someone/Somebody, Anyone/Anybody, No
Chủ ngữ là đạ i they?
one/ Nobody..." câ u hỏ i đuô i là "they"
từ bấ t định
Chủ ngữ là "nothing, everything, something,
Everything is fine, isn't it?
anything" thì câ u hỏ i đuô i dù ng "it"
Trong câ u có cá c trạ ng từ phủ định và bá n
Câ u có trạ ng từ phủ định như: never, seldom, hardly,
Our boss never comes late, does
phủ định hoặ c scarcely, little... thì câ u đó đượ c xem như là
he?
bá n phủ định câ u phủ định - phầ n hỏ i đuô i sẽ ở dạ ng
khẳ ng định
Khi thấ y had/'d better ta chỉ cầ n mượ n trợ
Had better He'd better apologize, hadn't he?
độ ng từ "had" để lậ p câ u hỏ i đuô i.
She'd rather go to the doctor, Khi thấ y would/'d rather ta chỉ cầ n mượ n
Would rather
wouldn't she? trợ độ ng từ "would" để lậ p câ u hỏ i đuô i.
It seems that + It seems that you are right, aren't Câ u đầ u có It seems that + mệnh đề thì ta
mệnh đề you? lấ y mệnh đề là m câ u hỏ i đuô i
1. What she has just said is
Chủ từ là mệnh unreasonable, isn't it? Chủ từ là mệnh đề danh từ , dù ng "it" trong
đề danh từ 2. Why he killed himself seems a câ u hỏ i đuô i
secret, doesn't it?
1. Open the door, will you?
Sau câ u mệnh lệnh cá ch (Do.../Don't do
2. Don't be late, will you?
Câ u mệnh lệnh v.v...), câ u hỏ i đuô i thườ ng là ... will you?;
3. Stay another night with us,
cá ch nếu lờ i mờ i là won’t you, lờ i đề nghị là
won’t you?
could you
4. Pick me up at 8:00, could you?
Câ u đầ u là I wish, dù ng "may" trong câ u hỏ i
I wish I wish to study English, may I?
đuô i
When one is sad, she doesn't
Chủ từ là “one", dù ng "you” hoặ c "one"
Chủ từ là one want to do anything, do you/does
trong câ u hỏ i đuô i
one?
Must They must study hard, needn't "Must" chỉ sự cầ n thiết thì khi thà nh lậ p hỏ i
they? đuô i ta dù ng "needn't"
"Must" chỉ sự cấ m đoá n thì khi thà nh lậ p
You mustn't come late, must you?
hỏ i đuô i ta dù ng "must"
“Must” chỉ sự dự đoá n ở hiện tạ i thì khi
He must be a very intelligent
thà nh lậ p hỏ i đuô i ta dự a và o độ ng từ theo
student, isn't he?
sau must
You must have stolen my bike, “Must" chỉ sự dự đoán ở quá khứ (trong công
haven't you? thức must + have + Vp2) thì khi thành lập hỏi
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She must have been tired after a đuôi ta dùng have/has căn cứ theo chủ ngữ
long journey, hasn't she? của câu.
What a beautiful dress, isn't it?
Câ u cả m thá n, lấ y danh từ trong câ u đổ i
Câ u cả m thá n How intelligent the children are,
thà nh đạ i từ cù ng vớ i dù ng is, am, are
aren't they?
I + các động từ
sau: think,
I think he will come here, won't - Lấ y mệnh đề phụ là m câ u hỏ i đuô i.
believe,
he? - Mệnh đề chính có "not” thì vẫn tính như ở
suppose, figure,
I don't believe Mary can do it, can mệnh đề phụ.
assume, fancy,
she? - Cùng mẫu này nhưng nếu chủ từ không phải
imagine,
She thinks he will come, doesn't là "I" thì lại dùng mệnh đề chính đầu làm
reckon, expect,
she? câu hỏi đuôi.
seem, feel that +
mệnh đề phụ
Neither you nor I am children, Câ u có cấ u trú c neither ... nor thì câ u hỏ i
Neither… nor…
are we? đuô i là sẽ chia ở sô nhiều
You ought to take a short rest, Câ u có "ought to" thì ta sử dụ ng phầ n đuô i
Ought to
shouldn't you? là "shouldn't".
She needs to water the flowers in Nếu "need" là động từ thường thì khi thành
the morning, doesn't she? lập hỏi đuôi ta phải mượn trợ động từ.
Need
Nếu "need" là động từ khuyết thiếu thì khi
She needn't do it, need you?
thành lập hỏi đuôi ta dùng luôn need.

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TEST 1

PART I - Choose the word that has the underlined letter(s) pronounced differently from the rest
1. A. occupied B. stopped C. played D. managed
2. A. discarded B. collected C. watched D. demanded
3. A. challenged B. missed C. pushed D. jumped
4. A. viewed B. disappeared C. occurred D. launched
5. A. laughed B. provided C. accomplished D. advanced
6. A. gets B. sings C. loves D. buys
7. A. albums B. shops C. plants D. tanks
8. A. develops B. shapes C. drinks D. bottles
9. A. supports B. looks C. roofs D. relaxations
10. A. athletics B. skills C. efforts D. participants
PART II - Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the rest
1. A. special B. improve C. hockey D. feature
2. A. volleyball B. together C. occasion D. develop
3. A. scientist B. national C. astronaut D. precisely
4. A. tennis B. hockey C. event D. effort
5. A. temperature B. environment C. congratulate D. psychology
6. A. Australia B. interesting C. variety D. accompany
7. A. knowledge B. athlete C. routine D. friendship
8. A. accident B. satisfied C. attractive D. technical
9. A. result B. success C. support D. tension
10. A. people B. tragic C. tension D. rename
PART III – Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the words in the brackets
Neil Armstrong was born in Wapakoneta, Ohio, on August 5, 1930. After (SERVE) in the Korean War and then
finishing college, he joined the (ORGANIZE) that would become NASA. Armstrong faced an even bigger
challenge in 1969. Along with Michael Collins and Edwin E. "Buzz" Aldrin, he was part of NASA's first manned
mission to the moon. At 10:56 PM EDT on July 20, 1969, Armstrong stepped from the Eagle onto the Moon’s
dusty surface with the words, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” (In the
(EXCITE) of the moment, Armstrong skipped the “a” in the statement that he had
prepared.) Armstrong and Aldrin left the module for more than two hours and deployed
(SCIENCE) instruments, collected surface samples, and took (NUMBER) photographs. on August
25, 2012, the 82-year-old Armstrong died of complications from the operation. News of Armstrong's
(DIE) quickly spread around the world.
PART IV – Choose the best answer
1. is a game played by two people on a table covered in soft cloth, in which a cue (= a long stick) is
used to hit balls against each other and into pockets around the table.
A. squash B. billiards C. hockey D. fencing
2. If a few problems had happened, Yuri Gagarin would not have returned to Earth safely.
A. routine B. artificial C. technical D. psychological
3. ANTONYM: You could feel the tension in the room as we waited for our exam results.
A. pressure B. stress C. relaxation D. atmosphere
4. She a new European record in the high jump.

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A. created B. got C. did D. set
5. There's no point buying him expensive wines - he doesn't them.
A. respect B. promote C. care D. appreciate
6. Our soldiers carried a successful attack last night.
A. with B. on C. to D. out
7. SYNONYM: After the horrible accident, She's been fitted with an artificial leg.
A. natural B. manufacture C. real D. man-made
8. If you hang out with your friends, please call home; your parents will start to worry.
A. otherwise B. so C. because D. although
9. Food containers and bottles should be discarded in the right place.
A. eliminated B. kept C. thrown away D. accompanied
10. SYNONYM: As an avid football fan, David always goes to the stadium every weekend to support his
favorite team.
Part V - Complete the following sentences with a suitable question tag
1. There wasn't enough paper in the printer, ?
2. We should invite them to our party, _?
3. We had to finish homework before class, ?
4. Mary was disappointed when she got her exam results, ?
5. I think our new boss is from India, ?
Part VI - Complete the following sentences with suitable correlative conjunctions
1. “Could I come over at three four o’clock?” asked Joana.
2. The teacher refused to mark his work because his work was torn dirty.
3. did he borrow a lot of money from us, he refused to pay back a single cent.
4. The children at this special school can hear speak.
5. She employs a maid to do the cooking washing for her family.
Part VII - MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. It was the great efforts to complete his study.
A. that he made B. that he made it C. he made it D. that made
2. he heard the news.
A. It was three-week later when B. It was three weeks later when
C. It was three weeks later that D. It was three-week later that
3. those books on the desk?
A. Was it you that put B. It was you who put
C. It is you that put D. Were it you who put
4. on the phone.
A. It was his mother who is B. It is his mother who is
C. It is his mother whom is D. It was his mother whom is
5. my parents gave me the fish tank.
A. It was on my birthday that B. It was on my birthday when
C. It was my birthday that D. It was my birthday on that
6. a high level of blood cholesterol.
A. It is eggs that contains B. It is eggs that contain
C. Those are eggs it contains D. It is eggs contain

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7. It is they are going to, not Russia.
A. Spain where B. Spain that C. Spain D. in Spain that
8. It was my friend, Shona, .
A. that I was at school with B. with that I was at school
C. with who I was at school D. I was at school with whom
9. I first met my girlfriend.
A. It was London that B. It was in London where
C. It was London which D. It was in London that
10. we have to wait.
A. It is a long time for that B. It is for a long time when
C. It is for a long time that D. It is a long time that
Part VIII - Complete the sentences with NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS. Do not change the
meaning of the given ones.
1. He likes playing football and so do I. (AND)
→ Both football.
2. She didn’t say a word and she didn’t smile. (NOR)
→ She smiled.
3. The English team didn’t play well and the Scottish team didn’t play well, either. (NOR)
→ Neither the English team well.
4. I didn’t have to go to school last Sunday. He didn’t have to go to school last Sunday. (TO)
→ Neither go to school last Sunday.
5.You can turn in your homework today. You can turn in your homework tomorrow. (OR)
→ You can turn in tomorrow.
6. He is interested in learning English most. (THAT)
→ It is English learning most.
7. They announced that news this morning. (THAT)
→ It announced this morning.
8. My aunt lives in Britain for ten years. (WHO)
→ It in Britain for ten years.
9.They held a boat race in this river. (RIVER)
→ It was in this river that .
10.I studied abroad when I was 22. (WAS)
→ It was when studied aboard.

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TEST 2
PART 1 - Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.
1. A. popular B. music C. pursuit D. solitude
2. A. sport B. course C. outdoor D. world
3. A. agreed B. organised C. based D. listened
PART II - Choose the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words.
4 A. cultivation B. endangered C. protect D. survive
5 A. alternative B. consumption C. satisfaction D. athletics
PART 3 - Choose the best answer for each sentence.
6. We have bought extra food ______ our friends stay to dinner.
A. provided B. if C. in case D. as long as
7. Have you seen the money was on the table?
A. where B. Who C. Which D. whom
8. The Massachusetts State House, in 1798, was the most distinguished building in the United States at
that time.
A. completing B. which was completed C. was completed D. to be completed
9. that the capital of South Carolina was moved from Charleston to Columbia.
A. In 1790 was B. There was in 1790 C. In 1790 D. It was in 1790
10. The man over there is one of the most kind-heated person in this area.
A. working B. is working C. who working D. has been working
11. Norman Weiner, mathematician and logician, had an important role in the development of the
computer.
A. who as a B. was a C. whom a D. a
12. in large quantities in the Middle East, oil became known as black gold because of the large profit it
brought.
A. Discovering B. which was discovered C. Discovered D. That when discovered
PART IV - Choose the word or phrase- A, B, C or D - that needs correcting.
13. Natural resources provide the raw material are needed to produce finished goods.
A B C D
14.It was suggested that Pedro studies the material more thoroughly before attempting to pass the exam.
A B C D
15. Sophia was horse riding with friends in the park when she fell on the ground and had broken her leg.
A B C D
16. It was in 1971 that transatlantic supersonic transportation became commercially availability.

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A B C D
PART V - Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
17. The astronauts were able to send the information back to the earth.
A. spaceships B. space stations C. spacemen D. space shots
18. Setting off on an expedition without thorough preparation and with inadequate equipment is tempting fate.
A. losing heart B. taking a risk C. going round in circles D. having panic
PART VI - Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
19. That Gagarin flied into space attracted many scientists all over the world.
A. paid attention B. invited C. didn’t paid attention D. supported

20. Language teaching in the United State is base on the idea that the goal of language acquisition is
communicative complete.            
A. not good at socializing.    B. unable to understand
C. excellent in orating in front of others   D. incapable of working with words
PART VII - Read and fill in the blanks with the beast answer.
Up to now, Thailand (1) the host country of the Asian Games four times. In 1966, Thailand held the Games
for the first time. It was the 5 th Games with 18 countries (2) _____ . In 1970, South Korea dropped its plan to host the
games (3) security threats from North Korea, and the (4) host Thailand administered the Games in
Bangkok using the funds of South Korea. In 1978, Pakistan dropped its plan to host the Games due to conflicts with
Bangladesh and Indian. Thailand (5) to help and the Games were held in Bangkok. The 13th Asian Games
was held in Bangkok, Thailand from 6 to 20 December 1998.
21. A. is B. will be C. was D. has been
22. A. to compete B. competing C. competed D. compete
23. A. as B. due to C. because D. despite
24. A. previous B. advanced C. old D. before
25. A. suggested B. advised C. offered D. made
PART VIII - Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
The natural world is under violent assault from man.
The seas and rivers are being poisoned by radioactive wastes, by chemical discharges and by the dumping of
dangerous toxins and raw sewage. The air we breathe is polluted by smoke and fumes from factories and motor
vehicles; even the rain is poisoned.
It's little wonder forests and lakes are being destroyed and everywhere wildlife is disappearing. Yet the
destruction continues.
Governments and industries throughout the world are intensifying their efforts to extract the earth's mineral
riches and to plunder its living resources. The great rainforests and the frozen continents alike are seriously

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threatened. And this despite the warnings of the scientific community and the deep concern of millions of ordinary
people.
Despite the fact, too, that we can create environmentally-clean industries, harness the power of the sun, wind
and waves for our energy needs and manage the finite resources of the Earth in a way that will safeguard our
future and protect all the rich variety of life forms which share this planet with us.
But there is still hope. The forces of destruction are being challenged across the globe - and at the spearhead of
this challenge is Greenpeace.
Wherever the environment is in danger, Greenpeace has made a stand.

Its scientific presentations and peaceful direct actions at sea and on land have shocked governments
and industri1es into an awareness that Greenpeace will not allow the natural world to be destroyed.
Those actions, too, have won the admiration and support of millions.
Now you can strengthen the thin green line; you can make your voice heard in defence of the living world by
joining Greenpeace today. Thank God someone's making waves.
26. Which of these statements is not made?
A. Drinking water is polluted. B. Radioactive waste poisons the sea.
C. Sewage isn't processe D. Cars and factories poison the air.
27. The writer ___________.
A. is surprised that the rain is poisoned
B. is unsured why the air is polluted
C. wonders why the natural world is being destroyed
D. understands why forests and lakes are being destroyed
28. Rainforests are being destroyed because governments and industries ______.
A. are unaware of what they're doing wrong B. are rich and powerful
C. choose to ignore criticism D. basically care about the environment
29. The earth's resources __________.
A. should only be for people B. can be made to last longer
C. will last forever D. belong to just humans and animals
30. Governments and industries ___________.
A. don't know what Greenpeace thinks
B. are forced to understand the problems by Greenpeace
C. can easily ignore Greenpeace
D. misunderstand what Greenpeace thinks

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PART IX - WRITING:
1. We are studying at Thanh Son High School which was established over 50 years. (Reduced)
→We………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Nam and Binh are cheating in exams . (cleft sentence)

→It …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Shakespeare is well-known all over the world. He was born in England. (Relative clause)
→Shakespeare, …………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. He is working in the garden. ( cleft sentence )
→It ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The film is very interesting. We are discussing about it. ( Relative clause with preposition)

→The …………………………………………………………………………………………………

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TEST 3
PART 1 - Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.
1. A. bribes B. laughs C. behaves D. belongings
2. A. divided B. wretched C. beloved D. brushed
PART 2 - Choose the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words.
3. A. pleasant B. photograph C. represent D. special
4. A. university B. technology C. communicate D. cartoon
5. A. impossible B. irregular C. cigarette D. preview
PART 3 – Choose the best answer to fill in the gap in each sentence below.
6. Do you know the date we have to hand in the essay?
A. which B. in which C. on that D. when
7. Jean Fragonard was a French artist portrait of children.
A. whose paintings B. who has painted
C. who painted D. whose painted
8. We continue to rainforests and increase the dangers of global warming.
A. cut off B. cut in C. cut out D. cut down
9. The government has spent £1 million on an advertising to encourage energy conservation.
A. campaign B. promotion C. operation D. enterprise
10. Don’t shout, ? I can hear you perfectly well.
A. shall you B. will you C. can you D. do you
11. The Cosmonaut Training Center at Star City, Russia was named him.
A. out B. for C. with D. after
12. Despite playing under strength, the village team beat the rivals
A. could B. were able to C. couldn’t D. weren’t able to
13. Neither my brothers nor I interested in playing sports.
A. are B. am C. have D. has
14. I didn't know his address. I would have written to him.
A. Because B. Therefore C. Consequently D. Otherwise
15. .The teacher has not yet arrived.
A. who I wrote to you B. I wrote to you about him
C. whom I wrote to you about him D. I wrote to you about
PART 4 – Choose the word or phrase that needs correcting in each sentence below
16. During first ten years of the Space Age, which began in 1957, more than 500 artificial satellites were
A B C
rocketed into orbit around the Earth.
D

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17. If I were a little taller I could be astronaut, but I don't meet the height requirement.
A B C D
18. When she was five-year-old, she was able to speak bilingually.
A B C D
19. Not only Laura's parents but also her husband think she should return to school and finish her
A B C
graduate degree.
D
20. It was in 1971 that transatlantic supersonic transportation became commercially availability.
A B C D
PART 5 – Choose the word or phrase that has THE SAME MEANING with the underlined one in each
sentence below.

21. I bought the ring as a memento of Greek.

A. souvenir B. relic C. heirloom D. reminder
22. The course can be as simple as bricklaying or as sophisticated as making your own stock market decisions.
A. external B. complicated C. intensive D. advanced
23. My uncle, who is an accomplished guitarist, taught me how to play.
A. skilful B. famous C. perfect D. modest

PART 6 – Choose the word or phrase that has the OPPOSITE MEANING with the underlined one in each
sentence below.

24. These ideas have now been completely discarded.

A. got rid of B. out-of-date C. cast off D. put into practice
25. If the state acts in a manner not designed to promote social solidarity then, Duguit argued, this must be
resisted.
A. harmony B. seperation C. unification D. uniformity

PART 7 – Give the correct form of the word in bracket to complete each sentence below.
26. 14 per cent of primate species are highly _______________. (DANGER)
27. The main threat to the _______________ of these creatures comes from their loss of habitat. (SURVIVE)
28. We offer a wide range' of goods at very _______________ prices. (COMPETE)
29. Fax _______________ has now become a cheap and convenient way to transmit texts over distances. (TRANSMIT)
30. Although we didn‟t win, we were able to take some _______________ from our performance. (SATISFY)
PART 8 - Choose the letter A, B, D or D that indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Nowadays, many adults impose the discomfort of dental braces on themselves voluntarily. It will be the second
time around for a large proportion of adults who are considering braces. One day they notice that teeth which were
perfectly aligned in childhood have shifted and may even overlap. Dentists advocate braces for them. Their goal is
to prevent future health problems. However, the patients’ incentive is usually to improve their appearance.
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Standard braces are made of steel, but a popular alternative for adults are clear plastic bands. The first few days
with new braces are the worst. The pain in their mouth makes patients feel tense. Often the pain is not confined to
the mouth. Patients may temporarily experience headaches and earaches, too. When the braces are removed, most
adults say that the discomfort was worth it.
31. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. How to avoid the pain on wearing braces.
B. How painful those who wear dental braces feel.
C. Why adults tend to wear dental braces.
D. How beautiful adults become after braces.
32. Which word has the closest meaning with the word incentive in paragraph one?

A. complement B. discourage C. motive D. support

33. According to the passage, which statement below is NOT TRUE?

A. Dentists recommend braces for patients who have teeth shifted to improve their look.
B. Adults tend to use clear plastic bands instead of steel braces.
C. Those who wear dental braces experience not only the pain in mouth but sometimes headaces and earaches.
D. The first few days with new braces are the most painful.
34. What does the word it in the second paragraph refer to?

A. patients B. the pain on wearing C. temporary headaches D. the first few days
braces and earaches

35. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Standard braces are now expensive.
B. Dentists hardly advocate braces because of their problems.
C. Many adults decide to have dental braces on because of their shifted teeth.
D. It takes a long time to fix the teeth with braces.
PART 9 – Choose the word or phrase that best fit the blanks in the following passage.
Sherlock Holmes is a fictional detective, (36)__________ by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle about a hundred years ago.
Readers learn that Holmes is known (37)__________ using logic and observation to solve crimes. As a result, the
police consult him when they have a difficult case. In each instance, Holmes carefully examines the crime location
for the evidence. He might detect faint footprints that the police (38)__________. He might find a broken clock that
can tell the exact time the crime was (39)__________. He often discusses the evidence with his friend, Dr. Watson.
Usually Watson reasons incorrectly. He might says, “Then I must conclude that the husband dit it.””On the
(40)__________, my dear Watson,” Jolms might reply."It was her jealous sister."

36. A. created B. creating C. that is created D. which is created

37. A. as B. for C. about D. with
38. A. investigated B. overlooked C. proved D. indentified
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39. A. committed B. dedicated C. exchanged D. appointed
40. A. consequence B. result C. contrary D. contradiction

PART 10 – SENTENCES TRANSFORMATION

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.
41. The police think the burglar got in through the bathroom window.
→ The burglar ______________________________________________________________.
42. I haven't seen him and I haven't heard him speak either.
→ Neither ___________________________________________________________________.
43. The New York Stock Exchange was founded in the year 1792.
→ It was in __________________________________________________________________.
Combine the follwing sentences using relative pronouns.
44. The lady is a famous writer. You met her at the party last night.
→_____________________________________________________________________________.
45. Mr. Phong hasn’t come yet. He is supposed to be at the meeting.
→_____________________________________________________________________________.
46. The soup was too salty. I had it for lunch.
→_____________________________________________________________________________.
47. Lan went back home. She forgot to turn off the faucet.
→_____________________________________________________________________________.
Rewrite the follwing sentences by omitting relative clauses.
48. The child enjoyed the chocolates which her mother bought from France.
→_____________________________________________________________________________.
49. Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page.
→_____________________________________________________________________________.
50. Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom.
→_____________________________________________________________________________.

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