UNIT 2: THE GENERATION GAP

(khoảng cách giữa các thế hệ)

A. VOCABULARY, GRAMMAR
1. Vocabulary
generate (v)
= production (n) sản xuất
generation (n) thế hệ
gap khoảng cách
gender gap khoảng cách về giới
generation gap khoảng cách về thế hệ
wage gap khoảng cách giữa mức lương
= pay gap
bride the gap thu hẹp khoảng cách
= close the gap
believe (v) niềm tin
belief (n)
different from (adj) khác biệt
difference in giữa
= between
make a difference to… tạo ra sự khác biệt
behave (v) cư xử
misbehave (v) cư xử không tốt
behaviour (n) cách cư xử
well – behaved (adj) cư xử tốt

nuclear family gia đình hạt nhân

extended family gia đình mở rộng (nhiều thế hệ)
argue with … tranh cãi, tranh luận với …
traditional view quan điểm truyền thống
gender role vai trò về giới
follow one’s drean theo đuổi giấc mơ của một người
= realize one’s dream
= fullfil one’s dream
follow in one’s footstep nối nghiệp ai
express one’s opinion bày tỏ ý kiến
discuss (v)  discussion (n) thảo luận
respect kính trọng, tôn trọng
 show respect for
 look up to sb

respective (adj) tương ứng

respecting (pre.p) = regarding xét về khía cạnh

regardless of không xét đến
= inrespective of
live on sống nhờ
live up to đạt được
= come up to
 consist of bao gồm
= comprise of
= be made up of
= compose of
common characteristics đặc điểm chung
conflict mâu thuẫn
= be in conflict with sb…
= come into/ get into conflict with…
cultural value giá trị văn hoá
influence on ảnh hưởng
= affect
= impact on
treat đối xử
treat sth with sth xử lý hoá chất
deal with xử lí
= handle
social and economical condition tình hình kinh tế - xã hội
Curious ham hiểu biết, tò mò
Honesty Tính trung thực
 in all honesty Thành thật mà nói
Attitude Thái độ
View = point of view = viewpoint= perspective Quan điểm

Multi-generational Đa thế hệ, nhiều thế hệ

Open-minded cởi mở
Individualism chủ nghĩa cá nhân
Mature = old enough trưởng thành, chín chắn

Impose ... (on sb) áp đặt cái gì vào ai

Elegant thanh lịch
Flashy hào nhoáng
Influence =impact =affect gây ảnh hưởng

2. Grammar: Modal Verbs: Must vs. Have to, Should.

* Must và have to
Dạng khẳng định
 Must: Diễn tả sự cần thiết hay bắt buộc mang tính chủ quan (do người nói quyết định)
S+ must + V
Ví dụ: I must finish the exercises. (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài tập.)
Tình huống: I’m going to have a party. (Tôi có ý định đi dự tiệc.)
 Have to: Diễn tả ý bắt buộc mang tính khách quan (do luật lệ, quy tắc hay người khác quyết định)
S+ have to/ has to/ had to/ ... + V
Ví dụ: I have to finish the exercises. (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài tập.)
Tình huống: Tomorrow is the deadline. (Ngày mai là hạn cuối.)
Dạng phủ định
 Must not: Diễn tả ý cấm đoán
S+ must not (mustn't) + V
Ví dụ: You must not eat that. (Bạn không được phép ăn cái đó.)
Tình huống: It's already stale. (Nó đã bị thiu rồi.)
 Not have to: Diễn tả ý không cần phải làm gì
S+ do not (don't)/ does not (doesn't) did not (didn't)/ will not (won't)/ ... + have to + V
Ví dụ: You do not have to eat that. (Bạn không cần phải ăn thứ đó.)
Tình huống: I can see you dislike that. (Mình có thể thấy rằng bạn không thích nó.)
* Should
1. Chúng ta dùng should để đưa ra lời đề nghị về một việc nên làm nhất trong trường hợp nào đó thay
vì việc khác. (Dùng cho lời khuyến mang tính chủ quan, thể hiện quan điểm cá nhân của người nói)
Ví dụ: You shouldn’t close the door that hard (Bạn không nên đóng cửa mạnh như thế).
2. Dạng phủ định: shouldn’t (should not) để nói về việc không nên làm

B. EXERCISES
I. PHONECTICS
Part 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
the primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. influence B. attitude C. counselor D. decision
2. A. donate B. compare C. campaign D. limit
3. A. experience B. mobility C. independence D. priorities
4. A. generational B. interpersonal C. discriminative D. educational
5. A. protection B. charity C. impairment D. infection
Part 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. focus B. open C. chore D. impose
2. A. manners B. conflicts C. objects D. viewpoints
3. A. restricted B. obliged C. respected D. beloved
4. A. cooks B. loves C. joins D. spends
5. A. teacher B. children C. chore D. school
II. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
Part 4: Choose the best answer.
1. I live in a/an ____ with my parents and my elder sister in the coastal area.
A. extended family B. nuclear family C. extended house D. nuclear house
2. One advantage of living in a/an ____ is to strengthen relationship between young children and adults.
A. nuclear family B. nuclear house C. extended family D. extended house
3. In my opinion, family members are responsible for ____.
A. the housework B. the chores C. homework D. A and B
4. My grandpa is the most conservative person in my family. He never ____ about way of life.
A. gives his opinion B. changes his mind C. gives his view D. keeps in mind
5. After graduating from university, I want to ____ my father's footsteps.
A. follow in B. succeed in C. go after D. keep up
6. Four generations living in the same roof will have different ____ of lifestyle.
A. gaps B. rules C. manners D. viewpoints
7. Luckily, my parents are always willing to listen to my new ideas. They're very ____.
A. narrow-minded B. open-minded C. elegant D. careful
8. Anna often dresses ____ when going to the parties in order to attract her friends' attention.
A. plainly B. properly C. flashily D. soberly
9. Generation ____ is the difference in the thoughts and viewpoints amongst generations living together.
A. distance B. gap C. space. D. All are correct
10. All students ____ wear uniforms at school because it is a rule.
A. should B. have to C. mustn’t D. must
11. The ____ arises when Jack and his parents have considerable disagreement on his choice of university.
A. discrimination B. conflict C. agreement D. gap
12. My father used to ____ a lot of challenges before establishing his own insurance company.
A. provide B. enjoy C. give D. face
13. I wish I could do something to reduce financial ____ on my parents.
A. capital B. burden C. limit D. gap
14. The children ____ spend too much time playing computer games.
A. mustn't B. must C . shouldn't D. should
15. It is impossible to avoid daily __________ when you live with your extended family.
A. views B. attitudes C. characteristics D. argument
16. My parents are always open to different views. I ___________ agree with their opinions.
A. must B. have to C. don’t have to D. mustn’t
17. In the peak season, travellers ____ book their accommodation in advance.
A. have to B. must C. should D. ought
18. Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It ______ have cost a fortune.
A. must B. might C. will D. should
19. In a(n) _________ family consiting of 3 generations: my grandparents, my parents, my sister, and I.
A. nuclear B. extended C. small D. childless
20. In some cultures, women don’t get an education. They ___ stay at home and do all the household chores.
A. shouldn’t B. don’t have to C. should D. have to
21. I live in a/an _________ with my parents and my elder sister in the coastal area.
A. extended family B. nuclear family C. extended house D. nuclear house
22. One advantage of living in a/an ___________ is to strengthen relationship between young children and
adults.
A. nuclear family B. nuclear house C. extended family D. extended house
23. Different people may have different _____________ toward clothing because there’re no global
standards.
A. ways B. attitudes C. thinking D. behaviours
Part 5: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSET in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. I discuss with my parents the generation gap.
A. mention B. argue C. dispute D. swear
2. We all have cutural value, and they can ìnluence the way we treat other people.
A. harm B. offense C. disqualification D. impact
3. My family has a conflict about male jobs and gender roles.
A. come into B. get on well C. scoldings D. understand each other 4.
Asian American families often try to force their children to follow their native country’s cultural values, such
as the importance of family, respect for the elders and the community.
A. rude B. obey C. look up to D. corrupt
5. I'm mature enough to understand the difference between generations.
A. wet behind the earsB. old enough C. flimsy D. frivolity
Part 6: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. If you live in an extended family, you'll have great joy and get support of other members.
A.large family B. traditional family C. nuclear family D. close family
2. Jane found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
A. harmony B. disagreement C. fighting D. controversy
3. We greatly respect my teacher for all of the best things that she brought to us.
A. look up to B. look forwards C. look for D. look down on
4. I have the freedom to choose a job because my parents have many views on career and I don’t have to
follow their footstep.
A. restraint B. multi-choice C. not out of compulsion D. indepentdent
5. Our mother encourages us to be open-minded about new opinions and experiences
A. close-knit B. narrow-minded C. optimistic D. elegant
Part 7: Complete the sentences, using the word(s) in the box, there are 2 extra.

stressed behave fun safe easier

encouragement skills closer precious values
The benefits of family management also include:
- bringing family members __________________ together
- making it ________________ for grown-ups and children to talk
- making everyone more organised and less __________________
- making the most of ____________________ time and finances
- helping adults deal with the way childrean __________________
- providing a way of passing on your family ___________________
- helping children develop important social ________________ for life
- helping your fmily find moẻ time to have __________________ together.

Part 8: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
1. I will leave the party early because I must studying for my exam.
A B C D
2. I stayed up late last night because I mustn't go to school on Sunday.
A B C D
3. We ought to not play football as it's raining outside.
A B C D
4. You mustn't to drive a car if you don't have a driving licence.
A B C D
5. If you want some useful advice, you have better talk to your parents about your problem.
A B C D
6. I had stay at home 3 days due to snowing heavily.
A B C D
7. Because of his poverty, he has to struggling to make ends meet.
A B C D
8. According to the rules of this game, you had better not drop the ball.
A B C D
9. If you want to get a higher mark in the next test, you have better put more effort into vocabulary.
A B C D
10. We shouldn't make an appointment with this doctor. You can see him whenever you want.
A B C D
III. SPEAKING
Part 9: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
1. Would you mind if I opened the windows? It's too stuffy in here.
A. Yes, of course. B. No, please do.
C. I think it is OK. D. You look so tired.
2. Could you show me how to get to the nearest train station from here?
A. I'm not certain but it's maybe at the end of the street.
B. I totally agree with you.
C. Sorry, I never know you.
D. I'm busy. now.
3. From my point of view, all family members should share the chores equally.
A. It's a breathtaking view. B. You lied to me.
C. But you're right. D. There's no doubt about it.
4. I've been awarded a scholarship to Harvard University.
A. Just kidding! B. It's up to you.
C. Good job! D. Same to you. Thanks!
5. Don't forget to finish your homework before class.
A. I'll do it later. B. Not much.
C. It's quite difficult. D. Thank you for reminding me.
6. Thanks a lot for helping me fix the car yesterday.
A. I'd love to. B. You're welcome.
C. Of course not. D. I like it.
7. I've seen John at the workshop on communication skills.
A. I see. I'll call him. B. The workshop was very useful.
C. That can't be John because he's in Paris now. D. No, I don't think so.
8. How do I sign up for the psychology course?
A. You need to fill in the online application form first. B. It's not yours.
C. The course was full. D. Your deadline is May 15.
9. What's about going to the waterpark?
A. That's a good idea. B. That's right. C. Of course! D. I'm sorry I can't.
10. Hi, I'd like to buy three tickets for the Lost in Fear.
A. How many tickets? B. I'm sorry. They were sold out.
C. We don't like this film. D. You should see other interesting films.

IV. READING
Part 10: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Stella McCartney was born in 1972, the daughter of pop star Sir Paul McCartney. She is the youngest of three
sisters. One sister is a potter and the other sister does the same job as their mother used to do - she works as a
photographer. Stella's brother, James, is a musician. Stella first hit the newspaper headlines in 1995 when she
graduated in fashion design from art college. At her final show, her clothes were modeled by her friends,
Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss, both well-known models. Unsurprisingly, the student show became front-
page news around the world. Stella hadn't been in the news before as a fashion designer but she had spent
time working in the fashion world since she was fifteen. In March 1997, Stella went to work for the fashion
house Chloe. People said the famous fashion house had given her the job because of her surname and her
famous parents but Stella soon showed how good she was. She designs clothes which she would like to wear
herself, although she's not a model, and many famous models and actors choose to wear them. In 2001 Stella
started her own fashion house and has since opened stores around the world and won many prizes. A lifelong
vegetarian, McCartney does not use any leather or fur in her design. Instead, she uses silk, wool and other
animal-derived fabrics.
1. Which of the following is NOT true about Stella's family?
A. She has three sisters. B. One of her sisters is a photographer.
C. She is the youngest. D. Her father is a famous singer.
2. Stella, Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss ____.
A. met for the first time at her fashion show B. are very famous fashion models
C. had been friends before 1995 D. all performed at the final show in 1995
3. Which of the following is TRUE about the show?
A. Everyone was surprised when Stella's show was successful.
B. The models performed clothes designed by Stella.
C. The show was the last show of Stella.
D. There was no one famous appearing in the show.
4. Stella thinks about the kinds of clothes that ____.
A. famous people like to wear B. she likes to wear
C. well-known models perform beautifully D. bring her prizes
5. The word “lifelong” in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.
A. permanent B. inconstant C. temporary D. changing
Part 11: Read the text the generation gap and answer the questions.
THE GENERATION GAP IS DISAPPEARING

Despite complaints about the widening generation gap in modern society, in an increasing number of
households the generation gap is shrinking or disappearing thanks to changes in parents' attitudes and
behaviour. Parents also want to be closer to their teenage children.
A lot of parents have changed their approach to discipline. Instead of forcing their children to do things in a
very controlling way, parents try to reason with their children and explain what they expect them to do and
why.
It is also true that family members have become more open to each other. Topics such as sex and drugs,
which used to be avoided in family conversations, are now more common.
In addition, parents nowadays are more youthful in appearance and attitudes. It is common to see parents
joining in activities such as rollerblading or in-line skating with their children.
Moreover, the most important factor is that more and more parents and teenagers have found some common
interests. They may share the same tastes in music, films, or other forms of entertainment.
Some people worry that when the generation gap is disappearing, children may have less respect for their
parents and the older generations. This may happen; that is why parents always need to be alert and interfere
if they notice any danger signs.
1. Why is the generation gap disappearing in many families?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do parents often do when asking their children to do something?
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is an example that shows more open communication among family members?
________________________________________________________________________________________
4.What is the most important factor for the disappearance of the generation gap?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Why do people worry that the generation gap is disappearing?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Part 12: Read the text and choose the best answer
“Generation gap’’ is a popular term used 10 describe the differences between generations. The
young and the old do not (1)_____ each other well because of their (2)______ experiences, opinions, habits,
and behavior. That is why parents often try to (3)_____ their children from doing things that they believe
would harm them. On the other hand, children do their best to (4) _____ that they are responsible and can take
(5)_____ of their own lives. Neither parents nor children are wrong. They are both right on their own (6)
_____ . Parents, blinded by their love for their children, would rather have their own experiences (7)_____ the
experiences of their kids. In contrast, their children are completely (8) _____ that their decisions are right and
are based on current situations that their parents may not be aware of.
1. A. accept B. understand C. experience D. respect
2. A. different B. difficult C. similar D. unexpected
3. A. present B. prevent C. encourage D. increase
4. A. send B. encourage C. improve D. prove
5. A. control B. focus C. conflict D. action
6. A. road B. way C. street D. place
7. A change B. stop C. replace D. develop
8. A. decided B. safe C. unsure D. sure
V. WRITING
Part 13: Complete the sentences without change their meaning
1. I am expected to get home by curfew
 I should______________________________________________________________________
2. It’s important for a family to have rule about safe behaviour, including rules about alcohol use, dating and
curfew
 A family must _______________________________________________________________
3. Perhaps Susan knows the address.
 Susan_________________________________________________________________________
4. It is not necessary for young people to go to university. (not have to)
 Young people ____________________________________________________ university.
5. People are not allowed to post rude comments on the website. (must not)
 People ____________________________________________________________on the website.
6. It is madatory for all cyclists to wear their helmets. (must)
 _______________________________________________________________________________
7. It is compulsory for the students in this school to wear the uniform. (must)
 ________________________________________________________________________________
Part 14: Use the words and phrases below, and add some words where necessary to make meaningful
sentences. Change the verb forms if necessary.
1. my opinion. / living / extended family / best way / bridge / generation gap.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
2. When / live / together, / different generations / start / share ideas and values regular
basis.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
3. Parents / should / explain / children / why / they have r ›job / describe / what / do at
work.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
4. Living / extended family provide / opportunity for people / get / understand and
respect / generational differences.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
5. Older people / more likely / accept / behaviour and lifestyle / their children or
grandchildren.
 ________________________________________________________________________________

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