FACULTY OF HEALTH AND WELLNESS SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF NURSING SCIENCE

Addendum 4 - Assignment cover sheet

NAME & STUDENT Nothemba Sitsheke

NUMBER 222 99 6463
YEAR LEVEL 1
Postgraduate Diploma in health science management
COURSE (PDHSMG)
SUBJECT NAME Fundamentals in research
SUBJECT CODE FIR580S/ FIR581S/FIR582S
ASSESSMENT TOPIC Critical Appraisal of an article

PLAGIARISM DECLARATION

• I, Nothemba Sitsheke.., know that plagiarism means taking and using the ideas, writings,
works or inventions of another as if they were one’s own. I know that plagiarism not only
includes verbatim copying, but also the extensive use of another person’s ideas without
proper acknowledgement (which includes the proper use of quotation marks). I know that
plagiarism covers this sort of use of material found in textual sources and from the
Internet.
• I, Nothemba Sitsheke., acknowledge and understand that plagiarism is wrong.
• I, Nothemba Sitsheke.., understand that my research must be accurately referenced. I
have followed the rules and conventions concerning referencing, citation and the use of
quotations as set out in the Departmental Guide.
• This assignment is my own work, or my group’s own unique group assignment. I,
Nothemba Sitsheke, acknowledge that copying someone else’s assignment, or part of it, is
wrong, and that submitting identical work to others constitutes a form of plagiarism.
• I, Nothemba Sitsheke.., have not allowed, nor will I in the future allow anyone to copy my
work with the intention of passing it off as their own work.
SIGNATURE: DATE COMPLETED

27-03-2022

As a specialist practitioner, you read many articles related to your clinical specialty, and
you need to appraise the quality of the articles that have been published to be able to
establish the quality of evidence.
Assignment Instruction: Critical Appraisal

• Read the article referenced below as an example on how to conduct an article

appraisal:

Lipp, A. and Fothergill, A. 2015. A guide to critiquing a research paper.

Methodological appraisal of a paper on nurses in abortion care. Nurse
Education Today, 35(3), e14 - e17.

• Now that you have read the article above, you should have knowledge on how to
conduct an article appraisal. For this section, you are required to conduct a critical
appraisal of one of the articles, in the table below, based on the specific programme
you are registered for.

Specialty Article to appraise

Occupational Health La Torre, G., D'Andreano, F., Lecce, G., Di Muzio, M., Chiarini,
Nursing M. and Pulimeno, A.M.L., 2020. The Occupational Health
Nurse and his/her role in the prevention of work-related
diseases: results of an observational study. Ann Ig, 32(1), 3-15.

Health Service Yoon, S.J., 2020. The factors affecting on Turnover Intention of
Management Nurses. Medico Legal Update, 20(1), 1827-1832.

Primary Care Nursing Kuupiel, D., Tlou, B., Bawontuo, V. and Mashamba-Thompson,
T.P., 2019. Accessibility of pregnancy-related point-of-care
diagnostic tests for maternal healthcare in rural primary
 healthcare facilities in Northern Ghana: A cross-sectional
survey. Heliyon, 5(2), e01236.

Total marks: 100

SUBMISSION:

On Blackboard see Assignment FIR580S / FIR581S / FIR582S

• Create the document in MS Word to type up the required information into the document,
paying attention to the layout and presentation.

• Include a cover page with plagiarism declaration listing the name, student number, and
the signature on the declaration

• Include a copy of the marking guide directly after the cover page and declaration.
• Throughout your document, you are required to use 1.5 spacing, Arial font, 12pt font
size, A4, Portrait Orientation
• You are required to upload a MS Word converted PDF document (not a scanned copy of
your document)
• To be uploaded to Blackboard (28 March 2022, no later than 23H59). No assessments
will be accepted via email or other platforms.

ANNEXURE A: MARKER GUIDE: (how you will be marked)

Grading guide:

Aspect 5 4 3 2 1 0

• Introdu The The The The The The

ction to introducti introducti introducti introducti introducti aspect
the on on on on on not
Review identifies identifies identifies identifies identifies includ
the topic the topic the topic the topic the topic. ed in
and and and and the
indicates indicates indicates indicates studen
The
the the the the introducti t’s
purpose purpose purpose purpose work.
on
of the of the of the of the provides
research research research research the
paper. paper. paper. paper. reader
with
Explanati Explanati At least One insufficie
ons (or ons (or two explanati nt
bridge bridge explanati on (or backgro
sentence sentence ons (or bridge und
s) are s) are bridge sentence informati
built in to built in to sentence ) is built on on
provide provide s) are in to the topic.
focus and focus and built in to provide
lead to lead to provide focus.
the the focus.
narrowed narrowed The
topic. topic. The introducti
introducti on
The The on provides
introducti introducti attempts the
on uses a on uses a to use a reader
“hook” to “hook” to “hook” to with
grab the grab the grab the limited
reader’s reader’s reader’s backgro
attention, attention. attention. und
and it informati
logically on on
connects the topic
to the and
 topic. The The does not
introducti introducti present
on on how the
The
provides provides informati
introducti
the the on is
on
reader reader connecte
provides
with with d.
the
sufficient limited
reader
backgrou backgrou
with
nd nd
sufficient
informatio informatio
backgrou
n on the n on the
nd
topic and topic and
informatio
presents attempts
n on the
clearly to
topic and
how the present
presents
informatio how the
clearly
n is informatio
how the
connecte n is
informatio
d. connecte
n is
d.
connecte
d.

• Title Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

on on on on does on does aspect
• Quality clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
• Literature
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
is used to
topic. ’s
highlight
work.
All All Some More
the
 positive/ar aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
eas for are are are aspect is more
improvem addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
ent d and d and d and or not are not
well discusse discusse well addresse
discusse d with d. discusse d or
d. some d. discusse
level of d.
analysis. Minimal
analysis No
Minimal
All and analysis
All analysis
aspects details. nor
aspects and
are details.
are details.
analysed
analysed
with
with
some
sufficient
detail
detail
and at
and
least one
example
example.
s.

• Abstract Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

on on on on does on does aspect
• Quality clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
• Literature topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
is used to topic. ’s
highlight work.
All All Some More
the
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
positive/ar
are are are aspect is more
 eas for addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
improvem d and d and d and or not are not
ent well discusse discusse well addresse
discusse d with d. discusse d or
d. some d. discusse
level of d.
Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis No
are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• Introduct Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

ion on on on on does on does aspect
clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
• Quality
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
• Literature
topic. ’s
is used to
work.
All All Some More
highlight
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
the
are are are aspect is more
positive/ar
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
eas for
d and d and d and or not are not
improvem
 ent well discusse discusse well addresse
discusse d with d. discusse d or
d. some d. discusse
level of d.
Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis No
are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• Research Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

aim/purp on on on on does on does aspect
ose, clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
objective relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
s& the main the main the main the main well to d in the
question topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
s topic. ’s
work.
All All Some More
• Quality aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
are are are aspect is more
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
• Literature
d and d and d and or not are not
is used to
well discusse discusse well addresse
highlight
discusse d with d. discusse d or
the
 positive/ar d. some Minimal d. discusse
eas for level of analysis d.
improvem analysis. and
All Minimal
ent details.
aspects analysis No
are All and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• LiteraturInformati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

e review on on on on does on does aspect
& clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
framewor relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
k the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
topic. ’s
• Quality
work.
All All Some More
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
• Literature
are are are aspect is more
is used to
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
highlight
d and d and d and or not are not
the
well discusse discusse well addresse
positive/ar
discusse d with d. discusse d or
eas for
d. some d. discusse
improvem
level of d.
 ent All analysis. Minimal Minimal No
aspects analysis analysis analysis
are and and nor
All
analysed details. details. details.
aspects
with are
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• Methods: Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

Approac on on on on does on does aspect
h& clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
Design relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
• Quality
topic. ’s
work.
All All Some More
• Literature
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
is used to
are are are aspect is more
highlight
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
the
d and d and d and or not are not
positive/ar
well discusse discusse well addresse
eas for
discusse d with d. discusse d or
improvem
d. some d. discusse
ent
level of d.
Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis
 are All details. and No
analysed aspects details. analysis
with are nor
sufficient analysed details.
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• Methods: Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

populatio on on on on does on does aspect
n& clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
sample relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
• Quality
topic. ’s
work.
All All Some More
• Literature
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
is used to
are are are aspect is more
highlight
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
the
d and d and d and or not are not
positive/ar
well discusse discusse well addresse
eas for
discusse d with d. discusse d or
improvem
d. some d. discusse
ent
level of d.
Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis No
are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
 with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• Methods: Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

instrume on on on on does on does aspect
nt, & clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
rigor relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
• Quality
topic. ’s
work.
All All Some More
• Literature
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
is used to
are are are aspect is more
highlight
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
the
d and d and d and or not are not
positive/ar
well discusse discusse well addresse
eas for
discusse d with d. discusse d or
improvem
d. some d. discusse
ent
level of d.
Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis No
are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
 detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• Methods: Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

Data on on on on does on does aspect
collectio clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
n & Data relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
analysis the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
topic. ’s
• Quality
work.
All All Some More
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
• Literature
are are are aspect is more
is used to
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
highlight
d and d and d and or not are not
the
well discusse discusse well addresse
positive/ar
discusse d with d. discusse d or
eas for
d. some d. discusse
improvem
level of d.
ent Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis No
are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
 example detail
s. and at
least one
example.

• Methods: Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

Ethics on on on on does on does aspect
clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
• Quality
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
• Literature
topic. ’s
is used to
work.
All All Some More
highlight
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
the
are are are aspect is more
positive/ar
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
eas for
d and d and d and or not are not
improvem
well discusse discusse well addresse
ent
discusse d with d. discusse d or
d. some d. discusse
level of d.
Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis No
are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
 least one
example.

• Discussion/ Informat Informat Informat Informat Informat The

Conclusion ion ion ion ion ion aspect
clearly clearly clearly does does not
relates relates relates not fully not includ
• Quality
to the to the to the relate to relate ed in
main main main the well to the
• Literature is
topic. topic. topic. main the stude
used to highlight
topic. main nt’s
the
topic. work.
All All Some
positive/areas
aspects aspects aspects More
for improvement
are are are than Two or
address address address one more
ed and ed and ed and aspect aspects
well discuss discuss is are not
discuss ed with ed. omitted address
ed. some or not ed or
level of well discuss
Minimal
analysis discuss ed.
All analysis
. ed.
aspects and
are details. No
analyse All Minimal analysis
d with aspects analysis nor
sufficien are and details.
t detail analyse details.
and d with
exampl some
es. detail
and at
 least
one
exampl
e.

• Evaluatio Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

n of the on on on on does on does aspect
reference clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
list relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
the main the main the main the main well to d in the
topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
• Quality
topic. ’s
work.
All All Some More
• Literature
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
is used to
are are are aspect is more
highlight
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
the
d and d and d and or not are not
positive/ar
well discusse discusse well addresse
eas for
discusse d with d. discusse d or
improvem
d. some d. discusse
ent
level of d.
Minimal
analysis.
All analysis Minimal
aspects and analysis No
are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
 least one
example.

• Reflectio Informati Informati Informati Informati Informati The

n on on on on on does on does aspect
relevanc clearly clearly clearly not fully not not
e and relates to relates to relates to relate to relate include
applicati the main the main the main the main well to d in the
on to topic. topic. topic. topic. the main student
own topic. ’s
specialty work.
All All Some More
aspects aspects aspects than one Two or
• Quality are are are aspect is more
addresse addresse addresse omitted aspects
d and d and d and or not are not
• Literature
well discusse discusse well addresse
is used to
discusse d with d. discusse d or
highlight
d. some d. discusse
the
level of d.
positive/ar Minimal
analysis.
eas for All analysis Minimal
improvem aspects and analysis No
ent are All details. and analysis
analysed aspects details. nor
with are details.
sufficient analysed
detail with
and some
example detail
s. and at
least one
example.
• Conclusion The conclusion The conclusion The conclusion The conclusion The
of the captures the captures the captures the captures the con
review focus of the focus of the focus of the focus of the doe
paper. paper. paper. paper. cap
foc
the
The conclusion The conclusion The conclusion The conclusion
summarizes the summarizes the repeats the main repeats the main
main points main points points. points.
(aspects) of the (aspects) of the
paper by paper by The conclusion The conclusion
paraphrasing. paraphrasing. provides a does not provide
recommendation. a
The conclusion The conclusion recommendation.
offers a critique. provides a
recommendation
.
The conclusion
provides a
recommendation.

• Referencing In-text In-text I

technique references used references used ref
(in-text) accurately and accurately and p
correctly correctly in most
throughout the
 document. respects. in

• Referencing Reference list Reference list Re

technique present, accurate present and list
(reference and complete. complete. but
list) inco

Minor
punctuation Inc
errors. refe
tec
use

• Technical All five Four Three Two One None of

Presentatio aspects aspects aspects aspects aspect the
n are are are are is aspects
correct. correct. correct. correct. correct. are
correct.
• Cover Page

• Grammar

• Spelling

• Arial

• Font size:
12pt.

• Technical All five Four Three Two One None of

Presentatio aspects aspects aspects aspects aspect the
 n are are are are is aspects
correct. correct. correct. correct. correct. are
correct.
• Correct page
numbers

• Spacing: 1.5

• Table of
content
numbering of
headings and
subheadings,

• Correct use
of
paragraphs

• Sentence The Sentences The The text The The

Fluency writing are well writing moves text learner
has an built, with mostly along seems must
easy strong and flows, tends to be choppy practice
flow, varied and more and is quite a bit
rhythm, structure usually mechanica not to give this
and that invites invites l than fluid. easy to paper an
cadence. expressive oral read interpretive
oral reading. orally. reading.
reading.

Total: 100 marks

Examiner signature …………………………. Date: …………………………

Internal moderator’s signature ……………… Date ……………………………

External moderator’s signature ……………… Date ……………………………

• Introduction to the review

A research critique is an appraisal of the strength and weakness of a study areas of

adequacy in an and inadequacy is identified in an unbiased method (Polit &
Beck ,2017;100)

In the chosen paper the research used mixed methods and was data collected
concurrent, it has combined both qualitative exploring human experienced and
quantitative which focus on numerical data in mixed method qualitative and quantitative
data are collected first or collected simultaneously (Polit.&, Beck,2017,591)

The chosen paper topic is accessing of pregnant related point of care diagnostic test for
maternal healthcare in rural primary healthcare facilities in Ghana a cross sectional
survey

The Perouse of the research of the chosen paper is to improve the access to maternal
health care in resource limited settings and bridges the gap for diagnostic services in
rural primary healthcare facilities

Each and every pregnant woman must have at least 1 CT scan in each pregnancy to
diagnose early any abnormalities and to be done blood pressure to detect early
eclampsia, Qualifications of the authors are verified on google, from university of kwa
Zulu natal and university of business and integrated development in Ghana

The paper is written for special audience who would likely to be interested in the
diagnostic test of pregnant and maternal and the language used is appropriate and
understandable, the paper did not follow the conventional style for research (IMRAD)
meaning introduction, method, results and conclusion (Sollaci. L.B. & Pereira.
M. ;2004 ,93(3), 364.
 • Introduction
Accessibility for maternal healthcare in clinics plays an important role in healthcare
services rendered, in rural areas more challenges and barriers affect the improvement
of these services, The purpose of the study in the chosen paper is to improve the
access to healthcare and diagnostic test for maternal healthcare in primary health
facilities in northern Ghana,100 clinics were randomly selected out of 356 facilities for
research, the survey was conducted from February to march 2018 using adopted
survey tool data from staffing, availability usage of desired diagnostic test, diagnostic
test malaria, hiv , test for pregnancy and blood pressure monitoring device were not
available in most facilities

Title
The title is not clear and have more than one meaning, though the title does articulate
the nature of the study and the population, the length of the title should be brief not
more than15 words (Polit.&, Beck.); 2017,736

The topic does not mention the midwifes

Abstract
Abstract is a brief description of the study, aims of the study, the research questions,
method used, sampling, findings and implications and is about 250 words (Polit.
&Beck. ;2017,56)

In the chosen paper the abstracts are not brief and though research methods, sample,
findings and recommendations are stipulated

• Literature review
The literature review is the written synthesis combining the different ideas to make new
meaning and appraisal of evidence problem, is an early step a researcher takes in
conducting a study (Polit.& Beck ; 2017,82

On the chosen paper the is no structured literature review, but in the discussion section,
which nitrates the study that was conducted in south Africa (Mashamba.T.;2017,
Diagnostic 7(4).) the study relied on primary source articles, a summary of existing
work, language use is appropriate and did not quote from the original article appraisal of
authors is not done
 • Methods, approach and design
The approach used in the chosen paper is mixed methods approach which explore the
understanding of human experience’s and ideas and data in numerical (Polit. & .Beck. ;
2017,591), the experiences of midwives and services rendered in health facilities are
studies and explored research design used is grounded design which is to discover the
main concept and the basic sound processes that explains how humans continuously
resolve it, the main concept must be resolved from the data collection, analysis and the
process used (Polit.&.Beck;2017,481

• Population and sample

Population is group of people or objects that is of interest to the researcher and meets
the criteria the researcher is interested on (Burns.&. Grove;1993), the recruitment
shows potential bias as only midwifes were involved

Sampling used in the chosen paper was stratified random sampling and convenient
sampling, the study of population and identification was done, eligibility criteria is
correct, the number was reduced to 100 from 356, description of the description of main
characteristics gender, and only setting is mentioned.

• Instruments and rigor

Rigor is a scientific merit of the study used to assess the rigor of the study, Qualitative
uses more of trustworthiness (Lincoln. &Guba. ;1985), trustworthiness encompasses
several dimensions

• Credibility refers to the confidence in the truth of the data and interpretations of
them., dependability refers to the stability or reliability of data over time and
conditions, confirmability refers to the potential for congruence between two or more
independent people about the data accuracy, data represents participants view of
point and interpretation of that data are not invented by the inquire ,transferability
refers the findings can be transferred or have applicability to other
findings ,authenticity refers to the extent to which the researchers fairly and faithfully
show a range of realities all of the instruments were not discussed(Poli.&beck.;2017

• Data collection and data analysis

Data collection strategies is described data was collected from clinic and midwifes,
diagnostic survey tool was used (Mashamba-Thompson enal.2016;17) data analysed by
using a 0-100 scale score where 100%= I do use and 0%= I don’t use, standard score
raw data was used computing percentages, converting raw scores to standard scores
(Polit.&. Beck. ;2017,364)

• Ethics
The study was approved and monitored by institutional review board and other similar
review committee the” Navrango health research centre institutional review board
/Ghana health service (approval number, NHRCITB291”) th Belmont report articulated
three broad principles on which standards of ethical conduct in research in United State
is based on beneficence, respect for human dignity, and justice (polit.&.
Beck.;2017.133)

• Beneficence –a researcher did not maximise the benefits and minimize harm and
discomfort, right to protection from exploitation in the chosen paper

• Respect to human no full disclosure was offered to the participants and freedom
from threats and penalty if fail to participate

• Justice participants right to fair treatment and right to privacy, explanation of risk
and benefits of research study data be kept under strict control on the chosen paper
the data is protected and any researcher wishes to apply the data has to undergo
legal application

• Informed consent the participants on the research have no adequate information

about research. confidentiality not assures to participants a right to withdraw from
the study not explained and anonymity for participants nor provided in the
paper(Polit.&Beck.;2017,135-139)

• Discussion and conclusion

discussion

Findings were presented in a table form which includes other participants that were not
mentioned as part of research the findings were generated, the tables are not
referenced, there is no previous table known to the phenomenon presented by the
researcher, the Perouse of the study is addressed in the discussion, implication of the
study provides evidence based information on the accessibility of pregnancy test in rural
Ghana primary healthcare facilities, recommendation was to the adoption learn and
agile framework for improving the accessibility and efficiency of point of care diagnostic
services, parallel study to audit supply chain management in primary health
facilities ,research to assess the role of graphical location of clinic ,distance ,cost and
traveling time
Conclusion
The Perouse of the study was to assess the accessibility pregnancy related point of
care diagnostic test, method used was mixes methods, approach design used was
grounded approach design ,data collection instrument used was cross section survey
tool ,sampling method stratification and convenient random selection principles of ethnic
were not all covered characteristics of populations were not all cover, a biased sampling
method was used not all population were given opportunity to participate in the study
the study only one rigor used in the study phrasing and use of jargon language was
noted finding were not appropriately presented.

• Evaluation of the reference list

Reference list is not on alphabetical order, author started with initials instead of
surnames usage punctuation marks is not appropriate, referencing style not mentioned.

• Instructions to the task

Critical appraisal of an article

• process followed to achieve the task

I consulted my colleagues as I did not understand the question for the task, I did not
have a prescribed book, my colleague advised me to use the book I have, I used the
guide for appraisal and the study guide, used google scholar

• Your contribution to the group

This was an individual task

• the challenges encountered and I dealt with them

I am unable to login to the library my user name is not accepted, I contacted the it
section but they will be available from next week, I deleted the assignment by mistake
and I started from the start. the maker guide is not clear but working on it was assisting
as a guide

Reflection and relevance and application to own speciality-Gibbs (1988)

• What have I learnt from the activity

Time management as the activity was longer than the last one, how to do critical
appraisal of an article, how to read an article patient as I started my assignment again,
asking for assistance from my fellow students and using Harvard referencing style
different types of instruments and rigor, if I were to do critical appraisal I will be more
efficient in doing it ,I felt lost and confused as I did not understand the questions and
when my assignment was deleted ,I should have followed my it department for my
password, out the situation I leant that based on the chosen study not all articles are
reliable n researched properly, the activity was a good activity as it has Enlighted my
understanding and knowledge on critical appraisal.

• A summary one article that interested me the most and how it relates to my
practice
• Pre-eclampsia remains the leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and
morbidity, it is a pregnancy specific disease characterised by de-novo
development of concurrent hypertension and proteinuria, sometimes progressing
into multi organ cluster of varying clinical features, poor early placentation is
especially associated with early onset disease ,predisposing cardiovascular or
metabolic risk for endothelial dysfunction, as part of an exaggerated systematic
inflammatory response ,might dominate in the origins of late onset pre-
eclampsia ,because the multifactorial pathogenesis of different pre-eclampsia
phenotypes has not been fully elucidated ,prevention and prediction are still not
possible and symptomatic clinical management should be mainly directed to
prevent maternal mobility (eg eclampsia)and management of women with early
onset disease to improve perinatal outcome should not preclude timely delivery-
the only definite cure ,pre-eclampsia foretells raised rates of cardiovascular and
metabolic disease in later life ,which could be reason for subsequent lifestyle
education and intervention (Steegers,E.A.P, Van- Dadelszen .P, Duvekot , j .j. &
Pijneborg . R. 2010 :631-644, 2010)

The relevance of the summary to my practice is that pre –eclampsia is major

contributor to increasing maternal death in South Africa and the management of pre-
eclampsia is of importance in my practice, the management chart is on the wall of
emergency room and maternal service areas

• Conclusion of the review

Research critique is an appraisal of strength and weakness of a study, area of
adequacy and in adequacy is identified in an unbiased manner, the purpose of the
chosen study has been to assess and improve the accessibility of pregnancy related
pint of care diagnostic test for maternal healthcare in facilities in Northern Ghana this
study has been of importance as it has identified the gabs in healthcare service in
Ghana and has recommended more research to implement the findings ,the research
dwelled more on diagnostic test in clinics the research have more flaws and then quality
of the research need to revised, understanding the critic and appraisal it has met the
purpose

Reference
Josefson ,J. (2005). “Don’t argue! Reflect! Reflections on introducing reflective writing in
political science courses,” PS: Political Science and Politics, 38, p. 763-777.doi: 10.
10/s1049096505050274

Polit, D, F.& Beck, C, T. 2017.Nursing Research generating and assessing evidence for
nursing practice. New York: Wolters Kluwer

Steegers, A, P, E. Van Dadelszen, P, Duvekot, j, j. &Pijneborg, R. 2010. Pre-eclampsia.

[Online]. Available from:

Sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673610602796

[Accessed 27/03/2022