ON THE JOB TRAINING

IN
FASHION APPARELS

A report submitted to

Department of Business administration in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

SUBMITTED BY

J. KARTHICK

EXAM NO : 19SUBA15

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Dr. P. MEENA PRABHA M.Sc., MBA., PhD.,

DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)

Re-Accredited with “A++” Grade by NAAC

Madurai – 625009

July - Aug 2021

 DECLARATION
I declare that the On the Job training report submitted to Thiagarajar
college (Autonomous) Madurai, for a particular fulfillment of the
requirement of the award of the degree of “BACHELOR OF
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION” is a record of an original work done
by myself during the period of study at “ FASHION APPARELS” done
under the guidance of Dr. P. MEENA PRABHA M.Sc.,MBA.,PhD.
Department of Business Administration. Thiagarajar College at
Madurai -9.

Date :

PLACE: MADURAI

J.KARTHICK

2
Dr. P. MEENA PRABHA M.SC., M.BA, Ph.D

Department of Business Administration,

Thiyagarajar college,

Madurai -9

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that On the Job Training report done in FASHION

APPARELS, submitted by J. KARTHICK (19SUBA15) in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of the Bachelor of Business
Administration of Thiagarajar college under the guidance & supervision.
The copy of this report Or any part of thereof has not been submitted
elsewhere of any degree.

Place:

Date:

Dr. P. MEENA PRABHA,

FACULTY GUIDE

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I praise the Almighty for showering his blessing on me
to complete ON THE JOB TRAINING.

I record my deep sense of gratitude to Dr. C. JOTHI BASKARA

MOHAN, Department of Business Administration for his valuable
guidance and motivation through the on the job training.

I express my profound sense of gratitude to Dr. P. MEENA PRABHA,

Assistant professor. Department of Business Administration for her
valuable guidance and motivation through the job training.

I express my sincere thanks to all the staff and employees of FASHION

APPARELS for their patience and cooperation in answering my Queries
to complete this training.

J. KARTHICK

4
CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE NO

I INTRODUCTION 6

II INDUSTRY PROFILE 10

III COMPANY PROFILE 14

IV DEPARTMENTATION 25

V SWOT ANALYSIS 41

VI SUGGESTION 44

VII CONCLUSION 46
&
OBSERVATION

VIII BIBLIOGRAPHY 49

TABLE OF CONTENTS

5
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

ON THE JOB TRAINING

6
On-the-job training is an important topic of human resource management.
It helps develop the career of the individual and the prosperous growth of
the organization. On the job training is a form of training provided at the
workplace.

On-the-job training is a form of job instruction that occurs directly at the

worksite while the employee learning is doing his or her job (or working
alongside and learning from a more experienced worker).

During OJT, the inexperienced worker performs and/or observes real job
tasks being performed in the work area, using the real machines,
equipment, tools, processes, and procedures.

The goal of OJT is to provide instruction and practice opportunity so that

the inexperienced learner can develop the knowledge, skills, and
competencies required to perform the job tasks associated with his or her
job role.

On-the-job training is the most popular method of training not only in the
United States but in most of the developed countries, such as the United
Kingdom, China, Russia, etc.

Its effectiveness is based on the use of existing workplace tools, machines,

documents and equipment, and the knowledge of specialists who are
working in this field.

THE IMPORTANCE OF ON THE JOB TRAINING

7
There are all types of learners: some are visual, some are hands-on, and
some do better by reading instructions.

On-the-job training allows employees to gain experience working in

situations very similar to those they’ll encounter on a daily basis.

This allows employees to learn and practice their job while still in
training. Other training methods, like online training or seminars, only
give employees basic information rather than actual experience.

“Experience is the teacher of all things.”

- Julius Caesar

BENEFITS OF ON THE JOB TRAINING

1. Faster training with real experience

2. Faster adaptation to a new job
3. In most cases, it is easy to set up
4. Trainee can perform simple job tasks from the beginning
5. Retain good employees
6. Attract the right people
7. Team building
8. Elementary knowledge management
9. Financial benefits

LEARN FROM OJT TRAINING :

8
  Teamwork.
 Problem Solving Skills.
 Work Ethics.
 Adaptability Skills.
 Communication Skills.
 Responsibility.
 Time Management.

ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF OJT :

Advantages : It is a relatively cheap form of training as there are no travel

costs and training is done by another employee, not as expensive external
trainer.

It can be tailored to the needs of the business, such as using the specific
machinery that the business uses. Easy to organize and can be completed
at short notice.

Disadvantages : As the training is usually provided by other employees,

it may mean that more people are unavailable to work, lowering
productivity levels

It is unlikely to bring new ideas and skills into the business

The employee providing the training may be ineffective

9
 CHAPTER II
INDUSTRY PROFILE

THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY

10
 India’s textiles sector is one of the oldest industries in the Indian
economy, dating back to several centuries.

The industry is extremely varied with hand-spun and hand-woven textiles

sectors at one end of the spectrum, while the capital-intensive
sophisticated mills sector on the other end. The decentralized power
looms/ hosiery and knitting sector forms the largest component in the
textiles sector.

India’s textiles industry has a capacity to produce wide variety of

products suitable for different market segments, both within India and
across the world.

The textile industry in India traditionally, after agriculture, is the only

industry that has generated huge employment for both skilled and

11
unskilled labour. The textile industry continues to be the second-largest
employment generating sector in India. It offers direct employment to
over 35 million in the country.

INDIA’S TEXTILE INDUSTRY

India’ textiles sector is one of the oldest industries in Indian economy

dating back several centuries. India’s overall textile exports during,

FY 2018-2019 stood at US$ 16.1 Billion

FY 2019-2020 stood as US$ 15.4 Billion.

2018-2019 : India’s textiles industry contributed 7% to the industry output

(by value) in 2018-19. The Indian textiles and apparel industry
contributed 2% to the GDP, 12% to export earnings and held 5% of the
global trade in textiles and apparel in 2018-19.

2019-2020 : India’s textile and apparel industry contributed 2.3% to the

GDP of India, 10% to industrial production and 12% to export earnings.

The share of the India’s textiles and apparel exports in mercantile

shipments was 11% in 2019-20.

Textile and clothing exports have dropped 6% during 2019-20 financial

year, with a major fall in March.

2nd
12 place
 India gets 2nd place in the Largest

Textile producing countries 2020

FY21 : Cotton production is expected to reach 36.0 million bales and

consumption is expected to reach 114 million bales in FY21-13% growth
over the previous year.

 Exports of textiles (RMG of all textiles, cotton yarn/fabs./made-

ups/handloom products, man-made yarn/fabs./made-ups, handicrafts
excl. handmade carpets, carpets and jute mfg. including floor
coverings) stood at US$ 29.45 billion, as of March 2021.

Investment

The textiles sector has witnessed a spurt in investment during the last five
years. The industry (including dyed and printed) attracted Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) worth US$ 3.68 billion from April 2000 to December
2020.

13
 CHAPTER III
COMPANY PROFILE

FASHION APPARELS
Partners : M.Sivarajan. D.T.TECH

14
 M. Dhanaraj. D.T.TECH

R. Vijayalakshmi

Factory Sq. Ft : 1800sq.ft

Factory pan no : AAFFF2536H1ZQ

Factory GSTIN : 33AAFFF2536H1ZQ

Factory IE code : AAFFF2536H

Factory address : 344-2, Meena residency backside,

Gandhi Street, Sivagangai 630561,

Sivagangai district, Tamilnadu.

The Fashions apparels is a textile company which receives bulk orders

from C&A, the Belgian-German-Dutch chain of fast-fashion retail
clothing stores, with European head offices in Vilvoorde, Belgium, and
Düsseldorf, Germany. The product produced by fashion apparels is named
with the brand of C&A.

C&A : C& A is a paradox. It operates nearly 450 highly visible retail

clothing stores throughout Europe, but the company itself, controlled by
the Brenninkmeijer family, has long been a highly secretive, privately
owned corporation.

15
Fashion apparels have completed 12years of experience in knitted
garments field. They have both elaborate experience in manufacture and
handle of bulk orders ( cutting to packing).

They have no productions units, the orders are given by the c&a, then
those orders will be purchased and then the further processing will be
done by the fashion apparels company.

The Main aim of the Company is

16
  to provide quality services
 timely delivery
 on-time sampling to our beneficiaries with quality adherence.
 To ride the company with efficiency recruit the skilled employee
and always invest and work with the latest technology available in
the market.
 LOGO OF THE FASHION APPARELS :

Quality policy of the company:

At Fashion apparels, buyers satisfaction always guiding principle.

Company timing:

Generally, the company starts at 9.30 to 4.30

Employee motivation:

17
  Reward for full attendance
 Promotions
 Incentives
 Gift for attain the day goal or weekly goals

Welfare facilities:

 Canteen facility with low cost

 Pure drinking water facility
 Medical facility
 Transport facility
 Rest room
 Sanitary facility
 Parking facility
 Crèche facility

18
BUSINESS TYPE

 Purchaser
 Exporter

PRODUCTION TYPE

Fashion apparels have no own Manufacturing unit. They receive bulk

orders and then those orders will be operated and get it done as the buyers
wish.

VISION AND MISSION :

19
VISION:

 The company effort is to ensure that they should satisfy the buyers
need by offering what they wish.
 Need to increase the output in good quality which would increase
their name and fame.

MISSION:

 Our mission is to give our customers a competitive advantage

through superior products and services at best prices.
 We will meet and exceed our customers’ expectations of service
through timely communications and quality information.
 Provide competitive prices and genuine products to our clients.

MACHINE DETAILS :

S.NO Machine type No of M/C Model

1. Over lock 25 Gemsy + Jack
2. Single needle 26 Gemsy + Jack
3. 4 needle flat
Lock M/C 6 Kansai
(multi)
4. Puller flat lock 6 Pegasus
M/C
5. Bottom hem 5 Kansai

20
 Flat lock
6. Button M/C 6 Jack
7. Rig elastic 5 Jack
over lock M/C
8. Button hole 6 Kansai
M/C
9. Flat bed flat 5 Jack
lock M/C

Total machines available : 90 M/C ‘s

Man power capacity : 120 NOS ( Tailor + Helper)

MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS :

 Briefs, panties, woven boxer shorts, ¾ leggings and round neck. We

perfectly match to stitching and packing. 50000 pcs per month of
under garments production capacity could be increased with the help
of associates.

Knitted garments

21
 Woven boxer shorts for men Briefs for women

Vest for men Vest for women

22
 Panties Round necked T-shirt

¾ leggings

23
 CHAPTER IV
DEPARTMENTATION

24
25
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

It’s a structure of an industry, Organization structure provide a clear

visualization about the control structure of an industry.

 Structure from high level workers and end with low level
workers.

It helps to find a responsible person for each and every category of job.
Organization Structure refers to the differentiation and integration of
activities and authorities, role and relations in the organization.

Differentiation is the differences in cognitive and emotional orientations

among managers in different functional departments and differences in
formal structure among these departments.

Integration refers to the quality of the state of collaboration that is

required to achieve unity of effort by the organization.

DEPARTMENTATION :

Purchasing department  Cutting department 

 Sewing department  Finishing department.

26
(I)PURCHASING DEPARTMENT
The raw materials is sent by the supplier then the lab dips are done and
are approved by the buyer.

After receiving the raw materials from the supplier they a rechecked for
the quantity and also checked according to the inspection criteria and then
operated by the fashion apparels and made as a perfect output and then
they handle the bulk order to the buyer.

27
 This department also keeps track of all the quantities received in-house
timely. They have to maintain the documents of the inspections that are
being carried out for those materials.

Basic Planning Process

 Receiving the raw materials.

 Proper planning to check if there is sufficient plant capacity is
available to achieve the delivery date specified.
 Checking availability of raw materials.
 Confirmation of the delivery date to the buyer.
 Proper communication between departments.

Dispatching:

 Moving of raw materials from process to process.

 Assigning of work to man power.

PROCESS :

After receiving the raw materials from the buyer then, cutting, sewing
packaging process will be done.

Store Keeping System:

 Unload raw materials.

Sewing Line Accessories item stored in the store

28
  Yarn
 Button
 Interlining
 Labels

Finishing Line Accessories item stored in the store:

 Neck board
 Hangtag with sticker
 Tissue (when folding shirts)
 Poly

(II) CUTTING DEPARTMENT

29
  In cutting section, fabrics are cut according to the pattern.

 Using the markers made from graded patterns and in accordance

with the issue plan, fabrics are cut to prepare garment assembly.

 To cut out pattern pieces of garment component as per exact

dimension of the pattern from a fabric lay is called fabric cutting

Functions of Cutting Department

 Take fabric from the fabric store: The cutting department gets a
cut order.
 Relaxation of fabrics
 Cut order planning
 Fabric Spreading/ layering
 Planning markers
 Making markers
 Cutting fabrics
 Sorting, bundling and numbering of garment plies (parts)

(III) SEWING SECTION

30
When all the garments are complete to cut in the cutting section, all of
these cutting parts are sending to sewing department for making garment.
In this section different cutting parts are joining together with the help of
different types of sewing machine, threads and needle.

SEWING

“Sewing is a great marketable skill,

and it never hurt anyone to have an extra skill set”

31
This is the main assembly stage ,where sewers stitch fabric pieces
together, and a garment is assembled.

After receive the garments components from cutting section, all the
garments parts are joined and sewn as sequentially. Sewing machines of
different types are arranged as a vertical line to assemble the garments.

TRIMS AND ACCESSORIES

32
Fabrics are the main material, which used for garment manufacturing. We
need other materials also, which make the garments aesthetic, functional
and commercially required. Other than fabrics this material used for
making garments are called trims and accessories.

Trims:

 The Raw materials which are used in the sewing section other
than fabric are called trims. These are the materials which are
directly attached with the fabric to make a garment completely
wearable.

Accessories:

 The Raw Materials which are used to make a garment

attractive for sale and packing accept fabric and trims are
called accessories. They are not directly attached with the
garment. It is used only to make the attractive.

Packing Accessories:

 The Accessories which are used for garment packing during

garment shipment to buyer are called packing accessories.
Packing accessories are depended on packing and folding etc
which is instructed by buyer.

(VI) FINISHING DEPARTMENT

33
After making complete stitched garments by sewing section, these are
passed in finishing department for ironing, folding, poly packing,
cartooning to get attractive appearance. All types of finishing activities are
done here.

Finishing department’s functions are discussed below:

Received sewn garments from sewing room:

Here, sewn garments are received from sewing department for finishing
the garments.

34
Initial quality check:

Here stitched garments are initially checked by the quality controller. If

their found any repairable or washable defects then garments need repair
works in finishing section. But if found major sewing defects, fabric faults
then again send to the sewing department for correction.

Washing:

For wash garments, 100% check is required after receiving the garments
from the sewing department. Defective garments should be rectified and
reject pcs should be sorted out.

If there are any faults like oil marks, stains, other dust and spots then
garment washing must be needed. Some spots are removed by using spot
remover and dust and stains are removed by using machine wash inside
the finishing section.

Button attached:

Button, button holes, snap button, eyelets are attached on garment in

finishing section.

Accessories attached:

All kinds of garments accessories like hang tag, price tag, barcode etc are
attached here.

Folding:

Garments are folded here as following the buyer’s instruction.

35
Poly packing:

After folding and color shade sorting garments are poly packed here as per
buyer requirements.

Prepare a packing list:

In this stage, finishing in-charge prepare packing list for cartoning and
garment shipment also. After preparing packing list finishing department
inform it with apparel merchandiser.

Assorting:

Before cartooning finishing in-charge must confirm and follow the color
and size wise assorting system.

Carton pack:

Here all the garments should pack to send the garments safely in to the
buyer.

Final inspection:

If all the above processes are perfectly done, then apparel manufacturers
are organized pre-shipment or final inspection on garments.

Record the documents:

All details documents about production to shipment must be recorded or

file up in the official desk.

36
MAINTENANCE:

Maintenance may be defined as the chronological activities or as the

process of systematic activities done for keeping the m\c or equipment at
the heat level for well run or its proper services.

Aims of Maintenance:

1. To maintain m\c equipment at optimum operation speed &

production efficiency
2. To unsure best possible level of quality of product.
3. To minimize the idle time resulting from the machinery break down.
4. To reduce the cost.

Importance of maintenance:

1. To increase the life time cycle of machinery & equipment

2. In case of appropriate functioning.
3. Better or superior quality for the product.
4. Higher productivity of machines

Effects of maintenance:

37
 1. For sound or congenial operation of machinery, it is required the
proper lubrication, fitting, repairing, & replacement (as per
necessity).
2. By the continuous operation of the machinery reduces stoppages
time resulting better quality & less wastage

Operation involved in maintenance:

Setting: Setting is the activities to set or install the machine parts or

required ancillaries.

Checking: Checking means investigation of machine condition. It is

very important work in case of maintenance. Repairing:

Repairing or altering of spares & equipment (if necessary) is to be

detected & necessary measures are taken (repairing\altering\setting\
adjustment).

Overhauling: It is the work of maintenance, but not frequent or schedule

work. It is done as per as necessary.

System Of Maintenance:

 Break down maintenance

 Planned maintenance.

Records for the effective maintenance controlling:

 Maintenance ledger

38
  M/c cards
 Job in complete report
 Lubricant control chart

CHAPTER V
SWOT ANALYSIS
39
INTRODUCTION :

SWOT analysis is a conduct to analyze internal and external environment

of any business and non-business organization. This analysis comprises
four components i.e..,Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

Strengths and weaknesses are considered to be internal positive and

negative factors, Whereas opportunities and threats are conferred to
external environment. The specific analysis (SWOT) is helpful in unique
and effective strategy to meet competitive challenges. If an organization
wants to lead in today‘s competitive scenario, it has to sharpen its
strengths and overcome its weaknesses in the light of opportunities.

Although consumer forum is not a profit making organization, but there

are internal and external factors which affect the functioning of consumer
court to a great extent. It is, therefore, need of the hour to have tailor-
made customized strategies and the researcher has no confusion in saying
that the SWOT analysis is the key for longer and effective existence of
consumer court.

STRENGTH :

40
  Large pool of skilled and cheap work force
 Quality and reliability
 Team work
 We can change direction quickly if we find that our marketing is not
working
 We have low overheads, so we can offer good value to customers.

WEAKNESS :

 Inadequate technology compared to other competitors

 Less motivation
 No advertising
 Our company had little market presence or reputation
 Our cash flows will be unreliable in the early steps.

OPPORTUNITIES :

 Employment opportunities for both genders.

 Improving and expanding the apparels.
 More vacancies are allotted for women
 Local government wants to encourage local business.
 Our business sector is expanding with many future opportunities for

THREATS :

 Single buyer threats

 Infrastructure and management system efficiencies are low
 Competitors

41
  Developments in technology may change this market beyond our
ability to success.

CHAPTER VII
OBSERVATIONS

42
OBSERVATIONS :

 42% of the respondents belong to age group ranging from 26-35

years
 16% of the respondents are male, and 84% of the respondents are
female.
 46% of the respondents possess 1 to 2 years of experience
 51% of the respondents are satisfied with their current job
 59% of the respondents are highly satisfied with regard to the
facilities provided by the organization
 5% of the respondents are highly satisfied with regard to the
infrastructure and equipment’s provided by the company
 64% of the respondents are highly satisfied with regard to the
availability of safety tools & its awareness on usage
 59% of the respondents are highly satisfied with regard to the
opportunities for growth and development

43
 CHAPTER VII
SUGGESTION
&
CONCLUSION

44
SUGGESTION:

 The company has to regulate the employees working practice

constantly without frequent alteration.
 The company has to provide the salary to the employees within the
specific period.
 The company has to reduce the working hours of the employees as
per the factories act 1948
 The company has to provide proper canteen facility to the
employees.
 The company can give the employees a proper feedback
 The company can appraise the employees feedback.

45
CONCLUSION:

The study has confirmed that the company is having a good working
System. From this study, it is found that majority of the workers are
satisfied with the working System.To reduce the employees attrition, the
company should give importance to the employees and create awareness
among employees and it shall consider some of the ways and means
suggested by the employees like addition of parameters such as
interpersonal skill, dependability and conducting regular training program
and appraise their grievances.

The researcher hopes that the suggestion given in the report may be
implemented in future courses for the benefit of the workers and the
company. The company shall conduct the appraisal system at regular
intervals to know the changing attitude of workers and to know about their
improvement in order to motivate them.

The project done in “Fashion Apparels” has given practical

knowledge to the researcher. This will surely help him to use this at
career with the theoretical knowledge gained at college level. This

46
experience would be surely fruitful for the researcher to take up any job in
the near future.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

47
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS:

 Gupta, S.P., Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand & Sons Publishers,

New Delhi, Thirty Fourth Editions, 2005.

 Prasath L.M.,Human Resources Management, Sultan Chand &

Sons Publishers, , New Delhi, Thirty Fourth Editions, 2005.

 Website; https://www.c-and-a.com/uk/en/corporate/company/about-
ca/story/history/
 Website; https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history2/4/C-A.html

48