FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

ENGINEERING LABORATORY II (MATERIALS AND STRUCTURAL)

SUBJECT CODE DAA 2931

ENGINEERING LABORATORY II (MATERIALS AND

SUBJECT
STRUCTURAL)

EXPERIMENT TITLE SIEVE ANALYSIS FOR COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATES

DATE OF
16 DECEMBER 2021
EXPERIMENT

GROUP NUMBER 9

SECTION A21LD

GROUP MEMBER ID 1. AMIR LUQMAN BIN ZAWAWI (AB20127)

2. MUHAMMAD AZRAI HAIKAL BIN AFFENDI (AB20065)
NUMBER & NAME
3. NUR FARZANA BINTI MAMAT SOLLEH (AB20148)
4. RAJA NUR NADHIRAH BINTI YUSOF (AB20146)
5. NUR AIN HIDAYATI BINTI YASMI (AB20118)

LECTURER EN. MOHAMMAD AMIRULKHAIRI BIN ZUBIR

PERSON IN CHARGE EN. MOHAMAD HAFIEZ BIN ABDULLAH

REMARKS

ENDORSEMENT
 Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology
Civil Engineering Technology Laboratory
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT RECEIPT

Faculty's Copy
This section must be filled by student

Subject & Code : DAA 2931 ENGINEERING LABORATORY II

Section : A21LD
Group No. :9
Group Member & ID : 1) AMIR LUQMAN BIN ZAWAWI (AB20127)
2) MUHAMMAD AZRAI HAIKAL BIN AFFENDI (AB20065)
3) NUR FARZANA BINTI MAMAT SOLLEH (AB20148)
4) RAJA NUR NADHIRAH BINTI YUSOF (AB20146)
5) NUR AIN HIDAYATI BINTI YASMI (AB20118)

Title of the Test : SIEVE ANALYSIS

Testing Date : 16 DECEMBER 2021
Person In-Charged : EN. MOHAMAD HAFIEZ BIN ABDULLAH
Submitted By (Group
Name & ID) : NUR FARZANA BINTI MAMAT SOLLEH (AB20148)

This section must be filled by P

Name :
Date Received :
Stamp & Sign :

Note:
Please make sure that PJP in-charged or technical staff representative stamps & signs complete with date
receive at the front cover of the lab report.
Created By: NMN
(Detached At This Line)

Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology

Civil Engineering Technology Laboratory
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT RECEIPT

Student's Copy
This section must be filled by student.

Subject & Code : DAA2931 ENGINEERING LABORATORY II (MATERIAL AND STRUCTURAL)

Section : A21LD
Group No. :9
Group Member & ID : 1) AMIR LUQMAN BIN ZAWAWI (AB20127)
2) MUHAMMAD AZRAI HAIKAL BIN AFFENDI (AB20065)
3) NUR FARZANA BINTI MAMAT SOLLEH (AB20148)
4) RAJA NUR NADHIRAH BINTI YUSOF (AB20146)
5) NUR AIN HIDAYATI BINTI YASMI (AB20118)

Title of the Test : SIEVE ANALYSIS

Testing Date : 16 DECEMBER 2021
Person In-Charged : EN. MOHAMAD HAFIEZ BIN ABDULLAH
Submitted By (Group
Name & ID) : NUR FARZANA BINTI MAMAT SOLLEH (AB20148)

This section must be filled by PJP in-charged or technical staff representative.

Name :
Date Received :
Stamp & Sign :

Note:
Please make sure that PJP in-charged or technical staff representative stamps & signs complete with date receive
at the front cover of the lab report.
Created By: NMN
DETAIL EVALUATION FORM FOR ENGINEERING LAB REPORT

SUBJECT/CODE: DAA2931 ENGINEERING LABORATORY II (MATERIAL AND STRUCTURAL)

GROUP NO./SECTION: GROUP 9 / SECTION A21

TITLE OF EXPERIMENT: SIEVE ANALYSIS ( COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATE )

No MAX AVE NCR STU REMARKS/COMMENTS/SUGGESTION

1 Cover Page (1.5M)

Follow the Standard Cover page 1
Not follow the standard Cover page 0.5 0.2
Correct spell of Lecturer name,subject Code etc 0.5
Such as wrong in Lecturer name, Subject Code etc 0.25 0.2
Table of content (1.5M)
Follow Standard Table of Content 1.5
Not follow the standard Table of Content 0.5 0.2
Doesn't have either no., content or page no. 0.25 0.2
2 Introduction/Principles (3M) 3 2 1
Objectives (2M)
Follow as lab manual, lab sheet and extra 2
Too simple and not enough 1
same as lab manual only 1.5
Apparatus/Equipment (2M)
All equipments listed 2
Not enough equipment 1.5 1
3 Procedures (15M)
As experiment method 15
Too simple and not enough 10
Follow as lab manual and lab sheet only 5
4 Results (10M)
Tables 5 2.5 1
Graphs 2.5 1.5 1
Calculations - Example 2.5 1.5 1
5 Discussion / Analysis (20M)
Discuss on experiment result 8 4 2
Is it the result right or wrong 3 2 1
Comparison between theoritical and experimental 3 2 1
Cause and errorr during experimental 3 2 1
Safety measure during experiment 3 2 1
6 Conclusion (20M)
State the final result getting from experiment 4 2 1
Is it the objectives achieve/reach/accomplish 4 2 1
Actual result from other resources 4 2 1
Method to reduce error and improve method 4 2 1
Purpose of testing on industry application 4 2 1
7 References/Appendix (5M)
Photo during experiment 1 0.7 0.5
Website reference/ book 1 0.7 0.5
Result attached 3 2 1

NOTE:
NCR: Non Conformance requirements
STU: Student's marks

SUMMARY MARKS FOR ENGINEERING LABORATORY

% %
NO. ID NO.
PRACTICAL
TOTAL
REPORT

1 AMIR LUQMAN BIN ZAWAWI AB20127

2 MUHAMMAD AZRAI HAIKAL BIN AFFENDI AB20065
3 NUR FARZANA BINTI MAMAT SOLLEH AB20148
4 RAJA NUR NADHIRAH BINTI YUSOF AB20146
5 NUR AIN HIDAYATI BINTI YASMI AB20118

LAB SUPERVISOR'S NAME AND SIGNATURE

TABLE OF CONTENT

NO CONTENT PAGES

i. INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 1

ii. APPARATUS 2-3

iii. PROCEDURES 4-5

iv. RESULTS 6-7

v. DISCUSSION 8-9

vi. CONCLUSION 10

vii. REFERENCES & APPENDIXES 11

INTRODUCTION

A sieve analysis is an analytical technique used to determine the particle size

distribution of granular material with macroscopic granular sizes. It involves several layers of
sieves with different grades of opening sizes. Each sieve has squared shaped openings of a
certain size. Therefore, the soil particles are distributed as the grains with diameters larger
than the size of the openings are retained by the sieve, while smaller diameter grains pass
through the sieve. In addition, a pan is also used to collect those particles that pass through
the last sieve.

Furthermore, the determination of particle size is more important in Civil Engineering, as

the particle size determines the effectiveness of the final product. The parameters of
particles such as bulk density, physical stability, permeability and many more are
determined based on the size of the particle itself. Therefore, to determine the size
distribution of particles, the sieve analysis test procedure is an effective method to carry out
that prevailed from the past.

Hence, we carried out a sieve analysis test for coarse and fine aggregates. The opening
size of the sieve for both types of aggregates is different because coarse is comparatively
bigger than fine aggregates. Based on the experiment, the mass of soil retained in each
sieve was determined. Thus, we can plot the particle size distribution curve of sieve analysis

OBJECTIVES

1) To determine the amount of each grain size present in the soil by carrying out a sieve
analysis test

2) To produce a grading curve of coarse and fine aggregates according to BS 882

standard

3) To determine the gradation (the distribution of aggregate particles, by size, within a

given sample)

1
APPARATUS

Sieve set size

1.
• 5mm, No. 7, No 14, No. 25, No 52,
No 100
• 20mm, 10 mm and 5 mm2.

2.
• Balance accurate to 0.1

3.
• Mechanical sieve shaker

2
4.
• Oven

5.
• Scoop

6.
• Tray

3
PROCEDURES

Weigh the oven-dried sand up to 3 kg

• The sample has been dried for over 24 hours in the oven at the
temperature of 110 ±5℃

Divided the sample

• Pour the sample into the tray and stir until it takes on the shape
of a con.
• Using the quarter method, divide the mixture into four parts.
• Return the opposing sections to the basket.
• Mix the two other parts before reducing them to 500g

Weigh the sample to 500g

• Using the quarter method, divide the sample into four parts
again.
• Mix the two opposite portions and place the left two parts back
into the basket.
• Weigh the mixture until becoming 500g

4
 Using a mechanical sieve shaker, shake the sample.
• Weigh everything in the sieve. The mass of the sieve will be
used to compute the sample's mass.
• Assemble all sieves from a smaller opening size sieve to a larger
opening size sieve, making sure they are all clean. The pan sieve
must be placed on the bottom, with the larger opening size on
top.
• Pour the sample into the top sieve and close the sieve
• Place the sieve to the mechanical sieve shaker
• Activate the shaker and let it run for five minutes.

Weigh each sieve with the sample

• After the shaker is finished, use their sieve to weigh the
sample.
• Write the result on the table
• Put back the sample into the basket
• Clean and arrange the sieve back

Repeat the same procedures for the coarse aggregate

5
 RESULTS

MATERIAL & STRUCTURE LABORATORY

FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG (UMP)
LEBUHRAYA TUN RAZAK, 26300, GAMBANG, KUANTAN, PAHANG.

GROUP : 9

EXPERIMENT TITTLE : SIEVE ANALYSIS

SAMPLE : COARSE AGGREGATE

TOTAL SAMPLE : 1 DATE : 30 / 12 / 2021 TIME: 2-4 PM

PIAWAIAN: BS 882 :1992

% passing limits for BS 882 : 1992

min max Sieve Size (mm) Weight of sieve (g) Sieve and Sample (g) Weight of Sample (g) % Cumulatif % Passing

100.00 100.00 37.50 365.18 365.18 0.00 0.00 100.00

90.00 100.00 20.00 367.43 448.88 81.45 14.98 85.02
40.00 80.00 14.00 315.97 456.45 140.48 40.81 59.19
30.00 60.00 10.00 457.05 734.39 277.34 91.81 8.19
0.00 25.00 5.00 505.75 550.26 44.51 100.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 2.36 489.19 489.18 0.00 100.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 160.07 160.07 0.00 100.00 0.00
total sample: 543.78

Disediakan oleh; Disemak oleh;

………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………..
Nama: Nama:
Tarikh: Tarikh:

6
 MATERIAL & STRUCTURE LABORATORY
FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG (UMP)
LEBUHRAYA TUN RAZAK, 26300, GAMBANG, KUANTAN, PAHANG.

GROUP : 9

EXPERIMENT TITTLE : SIEVE ANALYSIS

SAMPLE : FINE AGGREGATE

TOTAL SAMPLE : 1 DATE : 30 / 12 / 2021 TIME : 2-4 PM

PIAWAIAN: BS 882 :1992

% passing limits for BS 882 : 1992

min max Sieve Size (mm) Weight of sieve (g) Sieve and Sample (g) Weight of Sample (g) % Cumulatif % Passing

100.00 100.00 10.00 599.10 599.10 0.00 0.00 100.00

89.00 100.00 5.00 347.90 351.18 3.28 0.65 99.35
60.00 100.00 2.36 352.80 385.57 32.77 7.19 92.81
30.00 100.00 1.18 357.00 438.08 81.08 23.37 76.63
15.00 100.00 0.60 341.35 490.37 149.02 53.12 46.88
5.00 70.00 0.30 442.29 624.72 182.43 89.53 10.46
0.00 15.00 0.15 406.61 450.07 43.46 98.21 1.78
0.00 0.00 0.00 256.90 265.82 8.92 99.99 0.00
total sample: 500.96

Disediakan oleh; Disemak oleh;

………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………..
Nama: Nama:
Tarikh: Tarikh:

7
DISCUSSION

8
Explanation from the graph and data obtained:

It is proven that sieves can separate coarse and fine aggregates into their respective particle
sizes proportionately. The weight of the sample retained in each sieve was recorded after being
sieved by using a mechanical sieve shaker. Next, we can do some calculations to determine the
percentage of cumulative retained and passing for both aggregates based on the mass of the
sample retained. Some of the formulae used are shown below:

Weight of sample retained

Percentage retained = x 100%
Total sample

Weight of sample retained = (weight of sieve + sample retained) – weight of sieve

Then, based on the coarse aggregate curve produced, it lies between the minimum and
maximum at first then moves out from the passing limit curves. Therefore, it is poorly graded and
composed mainly of particles of the same size. Meanwhile, for the fine aggregate curve, it lies
between the minimum and maximum passing limit. Therefore, it is considered as well-graded sand.

The comparison between the theoretical and experimental results is still acceptable although
both samples of aggregates should be well graded. In this experiment, it is tough to get the best
result because the proportionate size of coarse aggregates is not well distributed as it is composed
mainly of the same size.

Furthermore, some errors that we discover during the lab session, such as the sieves are not
being thoroughly cleaned by the previous group that used them. Another possibility of error is in
the process of moving the aggregates to the sieve. Some of the aggregates might be left behind in
the tray causing some error in the weight obtained after sieving. Also, the sieve shaker only shakes
for about 4 minutes, in a short time.

Meanwhile for the safety measures, wearing safety boots, face masks, and safety goggles are
precautions that we must take note of. In addition, we must follow the instructions given by the
laboratory instructor, En. Hafiez on how to conduct the test accordingly. Also, maintain the
workplace clean around the mechanical sieve shaker by removing and cleaning up any dirt that
could cause harm. Be sure to turn off the sieve shaker as soon as the aggregate is fully shaken
during the test.

9
CONCLUSION

Overall, we are satisfied with the results of our experiment. All the objectives are achieved. In
this experiment, we can conclude that the different types and sizes of aggregates have a significant
effect on the percentage passing for different sizes of sieves. Also, based on the results that we get,
we can conclude that the coarse aggregate sample is poorly graded, whereas the fine aggregates
sample is well-graded sand. The distribution of the size of aggregates is important in construction,
therefore it is expected to be well graded for both types of aggregate. In short, we must use
aggregates of various sizes to ensure that our structures are durable and stronger.

Furthermore, we have met the objectives to determine the grain size distribution by sieve
analysis and produce a grading curve of coarse and fine aggregates according to its standard. Also,
we learned how to use and separate different sizes of aggregates through sieving and analysis by
graphing to ensure percentages of each size are appropriate for usage in various construction of
structures such as bridges, buildings, and highways. Although the data received shows the
relationship of some variables, there may be some errors and inaccuracies obtained caused by our
work environment. Therefore, we must clean our workplace first before the experiment begin in
accordance with established procedures.

Also, when performing the experiment, it is important to clean the sieve before the experiment
starts to remove any excess that may affect our results, thus reducing its accuracy. This inaccuracy
can be improved by adjusting the scale to read zero before weighing. Also, we must follow and
carry out the procedures correctly and adhere to the instructions. Then, to acquire accurate
readings and eliminate environmental impacts, the area around the digital scale balance must first
be cleansed.

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REFERENCE AND APPENDIXES

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_analysis
• https://www.globalgilson.com/blog/sieve-analysis-of-coarse-aggregate
• https://www.in.gov/indot/div/mt/aashto/testmethods/aashto_t27.pdf
• https://www.agg-net.com/resources/articles/ancillary-equipment/principles-
and-procedures-of-sieving-analysis

Weigh the sample to 500g Weigh every sieve of both aggregates

Quarter method

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